Aug. 21, 1945.
A. DEN BR EEJEN
ETAL
2,383,045
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SAND RECLAMATION
Filed March 30, 1942
271g]
WATE‘E’ 6.
FIN ES
2,383,045
Patented Aug. 2l, 1945
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
2,383,045
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SAND
REULAMATION
Adrian Den Brceien, Jasper James Amari, and
Roy Luce, Chicago, Daniel H. Petty, Skokie,
Ronald Webster, Evanston, and Towner K.
Webster, Jr., Wlnnetka, Ill., assig‘nors to The’
Hydro-Blast Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a cor
poration of Illinois
Application March 30, 1942, Serial No. 438,760
8 Claims. (Cl. 22-89)
erable item in the cost oi' castings. In addition,
The present invention relates to a method for
reclaiming or cleaning sand and to apparatus for
carrying out this method. More particularly, the
present invention is concerned with the provision
of a. method and suitable apparatus for cleaning
the used core sand must be removed from the
foundry and frequently must be hauled a consid
erable distance to a. dump. In fact, in many of
the larger foundries, several freight carloads of
used sand must be hauled from the foundry te a
dump each day and several carioads of new sand
ticularly foundry core sand, so as to make this
must be brought in to take its place.
sand suitable for use in forming new foundry
When cement, pitch, or other core binding
molds.
It is common foundry practice to use what is 10 agents are used instead of core oil, the problem
is substantially the same in that because the used
known as core sand for making cores for interior
sand grains are covered with a tenacious sub
and exterior surfaces. This core sand usually
stance which renders the sand unfit for further
consists of a mixture of sand and any one of
use, it must be discarded and replaced by new
several green binding agents which retain the
sand in place until the core is baked and a bind 15 sand.
It is one of the objects of the present invention
ing agent which gives the core strength and
to provide a. novel method and suitable appara
rigidity after baking and during the pouring op
tus for treating used foundry core sand so that
eration. The binding agent most frequently used
the sand after treatment is Suitable for use in
for the latter purpose is core oil, although cement
or pitch or other materials are sometimes em 20 forming new core and synthetic molding sand.
A further object of the present invention is to
ployed.
provide a novel method and apparatus for- treat
A typical core may be formed by mixing proper
ing used foundry sand in such a manner that the
proportions of sand. core oil and a green binder,
and otherwise reclaiming used foundry sand, par
molding the material to the desired shape and
treated sand will normally form mold parts of
then baking the core to oxidize the core oil After 25 greater :strength> than mold parts formed from
the baking step, the core thus made and used has
new sand.
considerable strength and should adequately re
Still another object of the present invention is
sist damage until it can be used and further
to provide a novel method and apparatus for
should resist the hydrostatic head and the erosive
cleaning sand which provides clean send et ex
action of the flowing metal poured into the mold. 30 tremely low cost.
Shortly after the metal has started to set, the
Yet another object of the present invention is
heat from the molten metal accomplishes a burn
to provide a novel method and apparatus for re
ing of the core oil i'llm sufficiently to permit easy
moving tenacious surfsce deposits from sand
disintegration of the cores'. ThusI »after the
grains in a commercially feasible manner and at
metal has solidiiled and the mold is broken open,
low cost.
the core sand should flow out of the mold in a
more or less granulated form. Core sand con
Yet another obiect of the present invention is
to provide a novel method and apparatus for
taining a core oil residue is black after the pour- ~
cleaning sand which eliminates the necessity for
ingv operation and is composed largely of sand
iarse foundry sand"dumps and, in addition, per
grains, each of which is substantially completely 40 mits foundries to reclaim discarded sand already
coated with a deposit consisting of carbon and
placed in dumps.
partially carbonized core oil. This deposit ad
Still another object is to provide a novel method
heres to the sand grains with great tenacity and
and apparatus for treating sand to fulfill the
renders the sand practically useless for further
above objectives continuously rather than in
use in the formation of foundry cores, since cores 46
batches.
formed from- such sand will have little strength.
Other objects and advantages will become ap
In the past, the problem of reclaiming core
parent from the following description of a pre
sand for reuse has received considerable atten
ferred embodiment of our invention taken in con
tion, but so far as we know, no attempts to re~
claim foundry core sand have been commercially 50 Junction with the accompanying drawing in
which:
successful.
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of suit
Since, under ordinary conditions, core sand can
able apparatus for performing the present inven
be used but once as such, it will be appreciated
tion: and
that the cost of new sand, together with the
freight charges on this new sand, are a consid
55
Fig. 2 is an end view of a roller which forms a.
2
2,883,045
portion oi' the apparatus used in performing the
present invention.
At the upper portion of Fig. 1 in the drawing
will be seen a hopper lli which serves as a recep
tacle in which the used foundry sand is placed.
This receptacle is comprised of a bin or tank of
water is collected from beneath the screen in a
large funnel 24 and is passed downwardly through
a chute 26 to a sump 28 from which it is pumped
through a pipe 3l) by means of a centrifugal type
pump 32 or suitable apparatus back into the
hopper I 0. Thus the usable fines are not lost
adequate capacity to contain the sand to be treat
from the system. It should be appreciated that
ed. If desired, it can be comparatively small. in
only a comparatively small portion of the fines
which case it‘will necessarily have to be filled
pass through the screen 22 and have to be re
continuously during operation of the process, or it 10 turned to the hopper l0. At least 90 per cent of
can be comparatively large and can be illled at
the ñnes ordinarily will stick to the larger sand
less frequent intervals. The sides of the hopper
particles and be carried over the surface of the
at its lower portion are inclined inwardly at i2, so
screen 22 and will be discharged directly with the
as to provide sloping side walls to guide the sand
larger particles from the lower end of the screen.
toward an outlet opening near the bottom at the 15
The sand dehydrated to aproximately 16 to 18
point indicated by the numeral I4.
per cent moisture will slide substantially con
The sand to be treated is placed in the hopper
tinuously from the lower end of the screen 22 and
l0 and is Well covered with water if it is not al
will fall into a sharply downwardly sloped chute
ready wet, so that the spaces between the sand
34, the lower of which empties into a rotating
grains are substantially completely taken up by
barrel 36.
the water. Such a mixture flows with diil‘iculty
In one embodiment of our invention which is
and therefore the wet sand is fed from the hopper
adapted for cleaning sand upon a comparatively
I0 through the opening indicated by the numeral
small scale, that is. at the rate of approximately
I4 and down a chute I5 by means of water jets not
two tons per hour, the previously described screen
shown but located opposite the openings at I4.
22 is approximately 18 inches wide and 48 inches
’I‘hese jets are fed through a pipe line I8 and the
long, while the barrel 36 is approximately 5 feet
velocity of the water through these jets can be
long and 30 inches in diameter.
'
controlled by a valve 2D connected in this pipe
This barrel 36 is mounted to rotate about a
line. Since the use of Water jets for the purpose of
slightly downwardly inclined axis upon ñanged
causing sand or like material to ñow through a 30 rollers 38 which engage tracks 4l) secured to the
passage is Well known, no detailed description of
these jets need be given here.
,
'I'he mixture of sand and water ilows down the
chute i6 and upon a dehydrating shaker screen 22.
The screen 22 normally is considerably longer
than it is wide and is inclined so as to have the
end which receives the sand and water mixture
from the chute IB higher than its opposite end.
This screen is kept in constant vibration during
exterior surface of the barrel.
This barrel is
driven by means of a motor 42 through a speed
reducing gear box 46 and chain 4B, the chain 48
engaging a sprocket 50 attached to the exterior
surface of the barrel. In the embodiment shown
which is adapted to have the cleaning capacity
previously mentioned, we have found that the
barrel works efhciently in a manner to be de
scribed, when rotated at a speed of from 20 to 60
operation of the process so as bo cause the wet or -lU revolutions per minute.
damp sand to move over its surface toward its
lowenend. Since the use of vibrating mechanisms
for generally similar purposes is well known. no
special description of this vibrating apparatus
need be given. We have found, however, that a
vibrating mechanism which gives a frequency of
aproximately 3300 cycles per minute of compara
tively short amplitute is suiïlcient for this pur
pose.
The rapid vibration of the screen, together with
its downhill slope, causes the sand grains to move
toward the discharge end, while a large portion of
the Water mixed with the sand runs through the
screen thereby materially reducing the moisture
content of the sand before it is discharged from
the lower end of the screen. We have found that
with such an arrangement as Just described, the
water content of the sand and water mixture
can be reduced to approximately 16 to 18 per cent
by weight. Such a mixture of sand and water will
neither ñow as a liquid nor will it now as does dry
sand, but it can be caused to move over a vibratory
screen in the manner described.
In general, the mesh of the screen 22 should be
suiflciently small to retain the major portion of
the sand grains upon its upper surface. It is not
advisable. however, to make it sumciently small
Both ends of the barrel are partially enclosed
by caps 52, each of which has an opening in the
center. Thus, sand will be continuously dis
charged from the discharge end of the barrel so
long as the barrel rotates and so long as sand is
fed into the inlet end of the barrel. It will be
appreciated, however, that the barrel will always
contain a quantity of sand suiîlcient to cover the
lower portion of the interior of the barrel to a,
substantial depth.
‘
Within this barrel we have placed a generally
cylindrical roller |54 which can be formed of a
length of heavy steel pipe with a plurality of lon
gitudinally extending generally rectangular ribs
56 `welded to its external surface. As the drum
rotates, the roller 54 will rotate therein because
gravitational forces acting upon the roller 54
tend to maintain it in general toward the bot
tom portion of the barrel. In the embodiment
of the invention shown, this roller is approxi
mately 54 inches long, is 9 inches in diameter,
the ends are closed, and it is weighted with shot
so as to have a weight of approximately 500
pounds.
_
As the barrel Il rotates, the sand will be tum
bled therein and tend to remain in the
lower portion of the barrel, while the roller 5I
to retain al1 of the fines that it ls desired t0 in
continuously rolls through the sand. The weight
clude in the ñnal sand mixture, since a screen of
of the roller should lbe so adjusted that it will
this degree of fineness does not easily permit the
sink into the sand a considerable distance, but
flow of water therethrough because of the capil
the roller should not be so heavy that `it cuts
lary action of the water.
clear through the sand and touches the inner
Since the water which flows through the screen
surface of the barrel. It appears that the roller
contains a portion of the fines which are desired
causes the sand grains to be ground against each
to be included in the final sand mixture. this 75 other under considerable pressure. This inter
2,383,045
3
through the sand in the classifier and carries
with it the soluble materials. buoyant carbon par
ticles, cement, and other refuse materials mixed
action between the sand grains when under pres
sure completely breaks loose and removes all sur
face deposit from the sand grains excepting for
the negligible portion of the surface deposit
which is located in deep pits in some of the in
dividual grains where it is not touched by other
with the sand. These more buoyant particles are
carried to the surface at the upper portion of the
classifier and overflow into a spillway 80 which
leads to a sludge settling tank 82. The openings
moving grains.
at the lower ends of the tubes ‘lll are so propor
We have found that for the above beneficial
inter-action to take place between the sand
grains, several factors are of importance. In
the first place, as has been mentioned, the roller
should sink well into the sand but should not
touch the surface of the barrel. In the second
place, the water content of the sand should be
tioned that the flow of sand and water there
through is somewhat less than the i'low of ma
terial into the classifier, thus a substantially con
stant rate of overñow of water and buoyant ma
terial into the splllway 80 is assured.
The water and sand mixture discharged from
the classifier into the storage hopper ‘I2 is sub
suiilciently low so that the sand does not act`
as a liquid. We have found, for instance, that
a good scrubbing or mulling action does not take
stantially free of all carbon particles and other
refuse material mulled from the sand grains in
the barrel 38. This sand and water mixture is
place if the water content of the sand is greater
then pumped by means of a centrifugal pump B4
than approximately 2G per cent. On the other
or its equivalent to wherever it is to be dried for
hand. if the water content of the sand is lower
re-use.
than approximately 5 per cent, the sand grains
Although the described apparatus includes the
are not efficiently cleaned. In general, it may
pipe line 30 and the pump 32 for carrying back
be said that the water content should- be between
into the tank IB the fines that pass through the
the 1ìmits of 20 per cent moisture and 5 per cent
screen 22, it will be appreciated that this portion
moisture by Weight. The speed of rotation of
of the apparatus may be dispensed with if the user
the drum should be suiiicient to bring about a
of the process is willing to add to the reclaimed
good tumbling action and should be fast enough
'
sand a small amount of fines to take the place of
so that time is not wasted by permitting the sand
this lost material. It will be appreciated further
to remain in the barrel longer than necessary.
0n the other hand, the speed of rotation must 30 that the addition of the necessary small amount
of lines to take the place of this lost material will
„ kept well below centrifuging speeds as other
be
relatively inexpensive, since only a small ptr
wise the water in the sand will tend to migrate
tion of the fines is lost through the screen 22 inas
toward the axis of rotation, with the result that
much as the major portion adheres to the larger
the sand and water mixture within the drum is
sand particles and therefore is carried over screen
no longer 'of a homogeneous consistency. As
mentioned previously, for a barrel of the size
22 with these particles. It is apparent, therefore.
given, a speed of 20 to _60 revolutions per minute
is satisfactory.
In place of the single roller 5I, several smaller
rollers may be used and if desired, these rollers, 40
or the roller 5I can be coated with rubber. The
use of rubber does not appear to affect the rate
of sand cleaning to any considerable extent, but
does under some conditions seem to have less 45
tendency to crack the grains, also, rubber coated
rollers operate more quietly and wear more slow
that whether or not the fines are to be reclaimed
from the water passing down the chute 26 is
largely a matter of choice to be made by the pro
cess user. In general. a comparatively large in
stallation would probably include the necessary
apparatus to recover these lines, whereas in a
small installation the slight expense of the lost
fines might not justify the additional cost` of the
necessary apparatus for reclaiming this srnall
amount of material.
The process and apparatus described are ca
ly than steel or iron rollers.
The well mulled mixture of sand, water, carbon
particles, and other foreign substances issues
pable of cleaning and reclaiming sand continu
in the process the mixture is black and has a
the fact that a sand and water mixture is an ex
ously rather than in batches and this feature has
from the barrel in a comparatively constant 50 an important advantage not readily preceivable
‘on ñrst impression. This advantage arises from
stream and falls into a hopper 58. At this point
'I'he above is true
tremely difficult material to handle efficiently,
if the ycore sand was oil bonded. If cement was
used as a bonding agent, the mixture will be
unless it contains sufficient water to flow readily.
I! it contains sufficient water and the sand is in
a substantially homogeneous suspension, the mix
gritty paste-like consistency.
grey instead oi' black.
Water is added to the mixture in the hopper
ture can be pumped, or flowed cr otherwise treated
58 through a pipe line 6B and the slurry thus
as a liquid as long as itis kept in continuous rapid
formed is pumped by means of a centrifugal type
motion. In a continuous process, such as above
pump 62 or other suitable device, to a spreader 60 described. such continuous rapid motion is feas
flume 6I of a counterfiow classifier, indicated
ible. In batch processes in which the sand and
«
water mixture must stop flowing periodically,
This sand classi?er comprises the before-men
tioned spreader flume 6l which causes the incom
ing material to be distributed evenly over the
the sand settles out of the water and fouls the sys
tem whenever the flow ceases or decreases below
a critical point. The result is that if a sand and
generally by the numeral B8.
surface of a hopper 6B. This hopper in turn dis
water mixture handling system does not operate
charges at its lower end into one or more tapered
continuously, complicated conveyor systems are
discharge tubes Til. The openings at the lower
needed, since such a mixture cannot be treated as
ends of these tubes in turn discharge materia-l
a liquid. It should be noted that in the system of
into a hopper 12. Annular rings ‘Il are arranged 70 the present invention, the sand is rapidly and
at the lower ends of the tubes 10 to direct jets of
continuously pumped or flowed from place 1o placa`
water from a pipe line ‘Hi upwardly into these
as a liquid, excepting during the dewatering step,
tubesand the amount of water flowing through
the mulling step, and the transfer step located be
these jets can be regulated by valves 1B. The
tween the dewatering and mulling steps. Such
water from the jets flows upwardly continuously
4
2,883,045
an arrangement would not be feasible excepting
with burned binding material which comprises
in a continuous process.
mixing the sand to be treated with water to form
a ilowable mixture, passing the flowable mix
The following is a typical example of the effec
tiveness of this process and the apparatus shown
ture over a screen to reduce the moisture con
for carrying out the process. All ilgures were ar
tent of the mixture to between 20 per cent and
rived at by performing standard tests upon stand
5 per cent water by weight, mulling the resulting
ard core parts constructed and tested in the man
ner recommended by the American Foundrymen’s
damp mixture so as to cause relative movement
between the individual grains, and exerting a
force upon the sand during the mulling step so
A typical core in a typical foundry was found to 10 as to cause the relatively moving sand grains
be formed of new Manistee sand four parts and
to scrub each other.
new Juniata sand one part. Test cores were made
2. 'I‘he method of reclaiming used foundry
in the standard manner from this new sand in
sand made up principally of sand grains coated
which the mixture consisted of the following:
with burned binding material which comprises
12,000 grams new Manistee sand, 3000 grams Ju
mixing the sand with water to form a ilowable
niata sand, 232,5 grams linseed oil, and 600 c.c.
slurry, dewatering said slurry to reduce the water
water. This mixture had a ilowability as arrived
content of the sand and water mixture to such
at on the standard American Foundrymen's As
a point that the resulting mixture is mushy in
sociation flowability meter of 88. Cores made
consistency, collecting the water removed from
from this material had a permeability when tested 20 the mixture in the dewatering step. said water
on the American Foundrymen’s Association rec
including a portion of the ñne material originally
ommended permeability test apparatus of 119.
mixed with the sand to be treated. reclaiming
Five sample cores were made of this material and
at least the heavier solid particles from the col
baked. ano1 when tested for tensile strength
lected water and remixing these particles with
showed the following readings on the American
additional sand to be treated, mulling the de
Foundrymen's Association tensile testing appa
watered sand mixture so as to cause relative
ratus: 43.7, 44.6, 47.7, 42.0, 45.4 or an average of
movement between the individual sand grains,
44.7. Since this tensile figure is to be multiplied
and exerting a force upon the sand during the
by live to give the actual tensile strength, the av
mulling step so as to cause the relatively moving
erage tensile strength of these cores proved to be 30 sand grains to scrub each other.
223,5 pounds per square inch.
'
3. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
Sand was then taken from the heap of used
comprising means to store a quantity of the sand
sand in this foundry and was treated by the be
to be treated mixed with water, a dewatering
Association.
fore-mentioned process. This sand was then
mixed for test purposes as follows: 15,000 grams
of reclaimed sand, 232.5 grams linseed oil, and
G00 cubic centimeters of water. That is, it was
mixed in the proportions used for the new sand.
The ilowability of this mixture was 89, or slightly
better than the flowability of the mixture made
from new sand. The permeability of the test core
was 119, or exactly the same as the core made
from new sand. Five standard cores for the de
screen, means to transfer the sand and water
mixture from the storage means to the dewater
ing screen at a comparatively constant rate,
means to cause the sand and a portion of the
water mixed therewith to pass over said screen,
means to collect the material passing through
said screen, means to transfer at least the major
portion of the larger solid particles collected by
the last said means to the storage means, a rotat
ing barrel having inlet and outlet openings,
termination of tensile strength were then made
means
to introduce the material passed over said
and these cores gave the following readings on 46
screen into the inlet opening of said barrel, a
the tensile test machine: 49.3, 45.7, 46.0, 46.5, 48.3,
or an average of 47.2. When this latter ñgure is
multiplied by ilve. it gives the tensile strength of
cores made from reclaimed sand as 236 pounds per
roller positioned within said barrel and adapted
to rotate freely therein, said roller being of con
siderably smaller diameter than the internal
square inch, which is materially better than the 50 diameter of the barrel, said roller being so
weighted that it sinks well into the sand in said
223.5 pounds per square inch obtained when new
sand was used.
barrel, but being insuf?ciently weighted to bring
It is probable that sand reclaimed by the pres
ent process gives cores of greater strength than
it into contact with the‘inner surface of said
barrel, means to rotate said barrel, and means to
cores made from new sand because all new sand 55 collect the material passing out of the outlet
opening of said barrel.
includes small amounts of impurities, such as
4. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
vegetable matter, which weaken the cores made
comprising means to store a quantity of sand to
from this sand, whereas the present sand cleaning
be treated mixed with water, a dewatering screen,
process removes these foreign substances. It has
been found, for instance, that new sand treated 60 means to transfer the sand and water mixture
from the storage means to the dewatering screen
by the present process gives approximately the
same test results as used foundry sand which has
at a comparatively constant rate, means to cause
been reclaimed by this process.
the sand and a portion of the water mixed there
-
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that
the present process and the apparatus for carry
ing out this process are material advances in the
foundry art and that this process and the de
scribed apparatus fulfill all the objectives set forth ‘
for this invention at an earlier portion of this
specification.
Having described our invention, what we claim
as new and useful and desire to secure by Let
ters Patent of the United States is:
l. Th'e method of reclaiming used foundry
with to pass over said screen, a rotating barrel
having inlet and outlet openings, means to in
troduce the material passed over said screen into
the inlet opening of said barrel. a roller posi
tioned within said barrel and adapted to rotate
freely therewith, said roller being of consider
ably smaller diameter than the internal diameter
of the barrel, said roller being so weighted that
it sinks well into the sand in said barrel, but
being insuiilciently Weighted to bring it into con
tact with the inner surface of said barrel, means
sand made up principally of said grains coated 75 to rotate said barrel, and means to collect the
5
2,883,045
material passing out of the outlet opening of
said barrel.
5. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
comprising means to store a quantity of sand to
be treated mixed with water, a dewatering screen,
means to transfer the sand and water mixture
from the storage means to the dewatering screen
at a comparatively constant rate, means to cause
the sand and a portion of the water mixed there
with to pass over said screen, a mulling device
having an inlet and an outlet, means to intro
duce the material passed over said screen into
the inlet of said mulling device, means in said
mulling device periodically to compact the mate
rial therein during the mulling operation, and
means to collect the material passed out of the
outlet of said mulling device.
6. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
7.- A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
comprising means to mix sand to be treated with
water to form a ?lowable mixture, dewatering
means receiving the flowable mixture from the
mixing means to remove a portion of the water
therefrom and to leave the mixture mushy in
consistency, a rotating barrel having inlet and
outlet openings, means to introduce the mushy
mixture from the dewatering device into the in
let opening, a roller in the barrel adapted to
rotate freely therein, the roller being of sub
stantially smaller diameter than the barrel and
so weighted that it sinks well into the mixture
in the barrel but insuilìciently weighted to bring
it into contact with the inner surface of the bar
rel, and means to rotate the barrel.
8. The method of reclaiming used foundry
sand made up principally of sand grains coated
comprising means to store a quantity of the sand
with burned binding material which comprises
to be treated mixed with water. a dewatering 20 mixing the sand to be treated with water to
screen, means to transfer the sand and water
form a ñowable mixture, dewatering the mixture
mixture from the storage means to the dewater
while in a flowing stream to reduce the moisture
ing screen at a comparatively constant rate,
content of the mixture to between 20 per cent
means to cause the sand and a portion of the
and 5 per cent water by weight, mulling the re
water mixed therewith to pass over said screen,
sulting damp mixture so as to cause relative
means to collect the material passing through
movement between the individual grains, and
said screen, means to transfer atleast the major
exerting a force upon the sand during the mull
portion of the larger solid particles collected by
ing step so as to cause the relatively moving
the last said means to the storage means, a mull
sand grains to scrub each other.
ing device having an inlet and an outlet, means 30
to introduce the material passed over said screen
ADRIAN DEN BREEJEN.
into the inlet of said mulling device, means in
ROY LUCE.
said mulling device periodically to compact the
JASPER JAMES AMARI.
material therein during the mulling operation,
DANIEL H. PETTY.
and means to collect the material passing out of
RONALD Waas ne.
the outlet of said mulling device.
TOWNER K. WE i TER, JR.
CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.
Patent No. 2,565,0li5.
August 2l, 19145.
ADRIAN DEN BREEJEN, ET AL.
‘It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification
of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page ZQ‘s‘ee
ond column, line 19, after "lower" insert the word --end---; page li, first
column, line 16, for "252,5" read ---252.5--; line '?5,'claim l, for "said"
and second column, line il, same claim, before "screen" insert
and that the said letters Patent should be read with
this
correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in
the Patent Office .
signed and sealed this 25th day of December, A. D. 19li5.
Leslie Frazer
(Seal)
First ~Assistant. Commissioner oi‘ Patents.
5
2,883,045
material passing out of the outlet opening of
said barrel.
5. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
comprising means to store a quantity of sand to
be treated mixed with water, a dewatering screen,
means to transfer the sand and water mixture
from the storage means to the dewatering screen
at a comparatively constant rate, means to cause
the sand and a portion of the water mixed there
with to pass over said screen, a mulling device
having an inlet and an outlet, means to intro
duce the material passed over said screen into
the inlet of said mulling device, means in said
mulling device periodically to compact the mate
rial therein during the mulling operation, and
means to collect the material passed out of the
outlet of said mulling device.
6. A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
7.- A device for reclaiming used foundry sand
comprising means to mix sand to be treated with
water to form a ?lowable mixture, dewatering
means receiving the flowable mixture from the
mixing means to remove a portion of the water
therefrom and to leave the mixture mushy in
consistency, a rotating barrel having inlet and
outlet openings, means to introduce the mushy
mixture from the dewatering device into the in
let opening, a roller in the barrel adapted to
rotate freely therein, the roller being of sub
stantially smaller diameter than the barrel and
so weighted that it sinks well into the mixture
in the barrel but insuilìciently weighted to bring
it into contact with the inner surface of the bar
rel, and means to rotate the barrel.
8. The method of reclaiming used foundry
sand made up principally of sand grains coated
comprising means to store a quantity of the sand
with burned binding material which comprises
to be treated mixed with water. a dewatering 20 mixing the sand to be treated with water to
screen, means to transfer the sand and water
form a ñowable mixture, dewatering the mixture
mixture from the storage means to the dewater
while in a flowing stream to reduce the moisture
ing screen at a comparatively constant rate,
content of the mixture to between 20 per cent
means to cause the sand and a portion of the
and 5 per cent water by weight, mulling the re
water mixed therewith to pass over said screen,
sulting damp mixture so as to cause relative
means to collect the material passing through
movement between the individual grains, and
said screen, means to transfer atleast the major
exerting a force upon the sand during the mull
portion of the larger solid particles collected by
ing step so as to cause the relatively moving
the last said means to the storage means, a mull
sand grains to scrub each other.
ing device having an inlet and an outlet, means 30
to introduce the material passed over said screen
ADRIAN DEN BREEJEN.
into the inlet of said mulling device, means in
ROY LUCE.
said mulling device periodically to compact the
JASPER JAMES AMARI.
material therein during the mulling operation,
DANIEL H. PETTY.
and means to collect the material passing out of
RONALD Waas ne.
the outlet of said mulling device.
TOWNER K. WE i TER, JR.
CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.
Patent No. 2,565,0li5.
August 2l, 19145.
ADRIAN DEN BREEJEN, ET AL.
‘It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification
of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page ZQ‘s‘ee
ond column, line 19, after "lower" insert the word --end---; page li, first
column, line 16, for "252,5" read ---252.5--; line '?5,'claim l, for "said"
and second column, line il, same claim, before "screen" insert
and that the said letters Patent should be read with
this
correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in
the Patent Office .
signed and sealed this 25th day of December, A. D. 19li5.
Leslie Frazer
(Seal)
First ~Assistant. Commissioner oi‘ Patents.