INTEGRATION OF CLIMATE SPECIFIC DESIGN IN AN OFFICE BUILDING, CHANGZHOU,
CHINA
Junhong Hao 1, Yan Wang 2, Jianqing He 3, Jishou Zhong 4
China Architecture Design And Research Group China Architecture Design And Research Group The
Special Committee of Human Settlements, Chinese Society for Sustainable Development China
Architecture Design And Research Group
Keywords: active and passive, building integration technologies, PV system, natural ventilation, CO2
emission
1 Introduction
This paper presents a demonstration project
concerning the regional solution via climate
specific design, i.e. active and passive building
integration design idea for an office building
located in southern part of China. The project
client is a manufacturer of PV products. Thus, it
has strong desire to show the PV products via
the office building façade. On the other hand,
the local climate is humid through the whole
year and sweltering in the summer (CABR,
2003), which prefers passive building design
technologies to fulfil the regional climate
solutions. How to effectively integrate the active
and passive building design technologies into
the office building with affordable cost is the
emphasis of the project design.
Based on the above reasons, the project
develops climate specific design approaches to
improve the building design technology
diversity, energy performance, and indoor
thermal comfort. The climate specific design
applications are integrated and applied includes
PV, natural ventilation, atrium lighting,
respiration façade and roof planting. The
software
simulation
and
on
site
detection/quantification by instrument are
adopted and compared to validate the design
ideas.
building in design stage, which has thorough
influence to the operation stage.
¾ Affordability and accessibility oriented
In order to enlarge the application range of
active and passive building integration design
technology,
low-cost
and
easy-handle
technologies have to be adopted to reduce
energy costs by the utilization of local
renewable resources (Li Yuanzhe, 1993).
¾ Promotion and propaganda approached
The purpose of the demonstration project is not
only to reduce the energy cost, but also to
encourage more people to participate in the
activity of reducing CO2 emission. Thus, the
specific design technologies chosen should
become easy-available, easy-handle, dependable,
convenient-maintained, and can be promoted to
regional office buildings (CABR, 2005).
3 Results and Discussion
¾
PV system
2 Materials/Methods
In order to achieve the targets of feasible climate
specific design with low environmental impact,
the following three strategies are applied in the
project:
¾ Environmental friendly and ecological
sounded
Recent ten years, the environmental protection
and ecological development become a main
trend. The feasible climate specific design is one
of the optimal regional solutions to build the
Figure 1: Annual Statistics of Electricity
Generation
Statistics from Figure 1 show that office PV
systems generates a total of 14003 kWh
electricity a year, renewable energy replacement
rate is 3%, annual saving of tons of equivalent
coal is 5.6 tons, equivalent to annual saving of
9.8 tons of CO2 emission.
¾ Natural ventilation
which is achieved by using both PV and indoor
shading device. This means that combined
indoor shading device gives a better shading
effect than using PV panels alone.
4 Conclusions
Figure 2: Monitoring temperature with and
without ventilation in one day of summer
Figure 2 shows that after 6:30 AM, temperature
rapidly reduces, when switching on airconditioning system there is basically no
difference. After working hours the indoor CO2
concentration is also at a relatively low level,
shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: CO2 Concentration in first floor
Atrium in one day of summer
¾
Shading effect
The PV system accounts for 3% renewable
energy replacement rate, together with the 5.6%
from passive building technologies, the total
renewable energy replacement rate is 8.6%.
Total project investment increase is about 50 US
dollars/ ㎡ . The results show that via the
application of these technologies, the
approaches and technologies adapt well to the
regional climate and satisfy the requirements of
the enterprise as well.
China is still in the primary stage of socialism,
different variety of technologies should not be
used blindly for the sake of exterior image, since
low-cost building integration technologies are
most suitable for China today. However,
compared with developed countries, the feed-in
tariff for PV system in China is still relatively
low, bringing a long payback period, which
reduces the positivity on the development of PV
manufacturers and applications.
Acknowledgement
The research in this paper is funded by China
National "Twelfth Five-Year" S&T plan with
project number of 2011BAJ07B02, named as
“Integration Research and Demonstration of the
Key Technologies of carbon emission
measurement code and low-carbon design in
Town Buildings”.
5 References
Figure 4: A picture of the shading effect of the
glass façade in atrium.
By using infrared thermal imaging instrument, it
is clear that the part of glass façade not shaded
by PV panels can reach up to 37.1℃ and the
part only shaded by PV panels reaches to a
temperature of 32.2℃. The best shading effect
can reach the lowest temperature of 31.2 ℃ ,
China Academy of Building Research. 2003.
Code for design of heating ventilation and
air conditioning, GB 50019-2003. Beijing:
China Architecture & Building Press.
China Academy of Building Research. 2005.
Design standard for energy efficiency of
public buildings, GB 50189-2005. Beijing:
China Architecture & Building Press.
Li Yuanzhe, 1993. Passive solar house design
and construction. Beijing: Tsinghua
University Press.