1300’s
1321-- Dante’s Inferno
1374-- Petrarch dies
1400’s
1415-- Jan Huss burned
1450-- Johannes Guttenburg Printing Press
1453-- Constantinople falls
1469-- Ferdinand and Isabella marry
1474-1539-- Isabella D’ Este
1482-- Spain invades Granada
1485-- Botticelli’s Primavera
1486-- Spenger and Kramer’s Witches Hammer
1492-- Columbus sails west
1492-- Inquisition arrives in Spain
1494-- Medicis flee Florence 1494
1497-- Vasco De Gama sails around Africa
1498-- Da Vinci paints Last Supper
1500’s
1504-- Michelangelo sculpts the David
1506-- Michelangelo paints the Sistine Chapel
1506-- St. Peters’ Basilica built
1507-- Da Vinci paints Mona Lisa
1509-- Henry VIII becomes king
1509-- Erasmus writes In Praise of Folly
1509-1511-- Raphael paints School of Athens
1516-- Thomas More prints Utopia
October 31, 1517-- Martin Luther’s 95 thesis
1517-- Pope Leo X endorses indulgences
1519-- Da Vinci dies
1519-- Charles V becomes HRE emperor
1519-1522-- Magellan’s voyage around the world
1520-- Father Bartolome De Las Casas writes Charles V
1521-- France vs. Spain/HRE in the Italian Wars
1521-- Diet of Worms
1521-- Cortes conquers Aztecs
1525-- Peasants Revolt
1527-- Phillip II becomes king of Spain
1529-- Marbourg Colloquy
1532-- Machiavelli publishes the Prince
1533-- Pizarro conquers Incas
1534-- Jan Van Eyck paints Wedding of Arnolfini
1535-- Thomas More executed
1536-- John Calvin prints Institutes of the Christian Religion
1540-- Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuits
1541-- El Greco born
1543-- Copernicus dies
1545-- Council of Trent
1546-- Martin Luther dies
1547-- Henry VIII dies
1555-- Peace of Augsburg
1558-- Elizabeth becomes queen
1562-- French Wars of Religion begin
1563-- Peter Brughal paints Wedding Feast
1564-- Vesalius dies
1564-- William Shakespeare born
1564-- John Calvin dies
1567-- Duke of Alba arrives in the Netherlands
1572-- Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
1572-- Henry IV of France becomes king
1584-- Ivan the Terrible dies
1588-- Spanish Armada
1589-- Henry of Navarre becomes king
1589-- Edict of Nantes
1598-- Phillip II of Spain dies
1598-- Edict of Nantes
1600’s
1603-- Elizabeth dies
1605-- Cervantes Don Quixote
1609-1648-- The Golden Age of the Dutch Republic
1609-19-- Johanness Kepler’s 3 Laws of Pl. Motion
1611-- King James Bible printed
1618-1648--30 Years War begins
1621-- Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector
1626-- Frances Bacon dies
1627-- Richelieu at La Rochelle
1628-- Cardinal Richelieu becomes First Minister
1632-- King Gustavus Adolphus killed
1633-- Galileo on trial
1637-- Descartes Discourse on Method
1642-1651-- English Civil War
1642-- English Civil War begins
1642-- Rembrant paints Night Watch
1642-- Cardinal Mazarin becomes First Minister
1642-- Galileo dies
1648-- Peace of Westphalia
1648-- Rump Parliament
1649-- Charles I executed
1649-1652-- The Fronde War
1650-- Descartes dies
1651-- Navigation Acts passed
1655-- Oliver Cromwell dies
1657-- William Harvey dies
1661-- Death of Mazarin
1662-- King moves to the Palace of Versailles
1665-- Jean Baptist Colbert hired
1668-- Jan Vermeer paints the Astronomer
1673-- Margaret Cavendish dies
1682-- Peter the Great rule begins
1787-- Isaac Newton’s theory on universal gravitation
1688-- Dutch Revolt begins
1688-- Glorious Revolution
1689-- War with the League of Augsburg begins
1700’s
1700-- Northern Wars begins
1701-- War of Spanish Succession begins
1702-- Construction of St. Petersburg begins
1707-- Act of Union
1709-1869-- Enclosure Acts
1713-1714-- Peace of Utrect
1721-- Northern Wars ends
1725-- Peter the Great dies
1727-- Isaac Newton dies
1727-- The Hanover’s becomes kings of England
1733-- John Kay’s flying shuttle
1740-- The War of Austrian Succession begins
1740-- Maria Theresa’s rule begins
1740-- Fredrick the Great’s rule begins
1748-- Montesquieu’s Spirit of Laws
1751-1765-- Diderot’s Encyclopedia
1756-- The Seven Years War begins
1757-- William Pitt becomes Prime Minister
1759-- Voltaire’s Candide
1759-- George Handel dies
1762-- Rousseau’s Emile
1762-- Catherine the Great begins her rule
1763-- Treaty of Paris 1763
1764-- Cesare Bonesona write on Crime and Punishment
1764-- James Hargreaves spinning jenny
1765-- Joseph II’s rule begins
1769-- Napoleon Bonaparte born
1769-- Richard Arkwright’s water frame
1769-- James Watt’s improved steam engine
1772-- 1st Partition of Poland
1773-1775-- Pugachev’s Rebellion
1774-- Reign of Louis XIV begins
1776--The American Revolution
1776-- Adam Smith writes the Wealth of Nations
1784-- Henry Cort’s puddling furnace
1785-- Edmund Cartwright’s power loom
1785- George Stephenson’s Rocket
1787-1799-- The French Revolution
1789-- John Lock’s 2nd Treatise of Government
1789-- Tennis Court Oath
1789-- Sieyes What is the Third Estate?
1789-- Bastille raided
1789-- Jean Jacques David paints the
The Wilkes Affair
1791-- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies
1791-- Declaration of Pillnitz
1792-- The Civil Constitution of the Clergy
1793-- 2nd Partition of Poland
1793-- King Louis XVI executed
1793-- Marie Antoinette executed
1793-- The Committee of Public Safety established
1794-- Robespierre executed
1795-- 3rd Partition of Poland
1795-- The Directory
1798-- Essay on the Principle of Population…Thomas Malthus’ book
1800’s
1801-- The Concordat
1804-- The Code of Napoleon
1806-- Confederation of the Rhine organized
1806-07-- The Continental System
1812-- Grand Army invades Russia
1812-- Tolstoy prints War and Peace
1814-- Napoleon exiled to Elba
1815-- David Ricardo’s iron law of wages
1815-- The 100 Days begin
1815--The Congress of Vienna
1815-- The Battle of Waterloo
1815-- Napoleon exiled to St. Helena
1837-- Pushkin dies
1839-42-- Opium Wars
1856-- Sigmund Freud born
1857-- Sepoy Mutiny in India
1861-- Russian Serfs Freed
1865-1909-- Lepold II in Belgium
1866-- Dostoyevsky prints Crime and Punishment
1869—Gandhi born
1870—Lenin born
November 30, 1874—Winston Churchill born
1878-- Berlin Conference
1879-- Albert Einstein born
1881-99-- Mahdist War
1882-- Britain gains the Suez Canal
1883—Stahlin born
1886-- Nietzsche writes Beyond Good and Evil
1889-- Adolph Hitler born
1889-- Vincent Van Gogh paints Starry Night
1898-- Battle of Omdurman
1898-- Fashoda Crisis
1899-1902-- Boer War
1900’s
1905-- Russo-Japanese War
1905-- Russia - Bloody Sunday
1905-- Max Weber prints….Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
1908-- 1st Balkan Crisis
1912-- Balkan Wars Begins
1912-- Woodrow Wilson elected
1913-- Raymond Poincare elected president
June 28, 1914-- *Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated
August 1914-- Battle of Tannenburg
September 1914-- Battle of the Marne
February to December 1916 -- Battle of Verdun (WWI)
April 1916-- Easter Rising
July 1916-- Battle of the Somme
1916-- David Lloyd George becomes PM
1917-- Russian Civil War
1917-- Kerensky becomes leader of provisional government
1917-- Czar Nicholas abdicates
April 1917-- The United States enters WWI
November 1918-- Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates
1918-- Oswald Spengler writes Decline of the West
1918-- Romanov Royal family executed
1918-- Treaty of Brest Litovsk
1919-- John Maynard Keynes prints The Economic Consequences of the Peace
June 1919-- The Treaty of Versailles
1922-- David Lloyd George loses PM
1922-- Benito Mussolini becomes PM
1922—Black shirt March on Rome
1922-- James Joyce writes Ulysses
1923-- Beer Hall Putsch
1923-- France occupies the Ruhr Valley
1924—Lenin dies
1924-- Woodrow Wilson elected
1924-- Dawes Plan
1925-- Lorcano Agreements
1925-- Paul Von Hindenburg becomes President
1926-- Hitler writes Mein Kampf
1927-- Werner Heisneberg – Uncertainty Principle
1927-- Trotsky expelled from Russia
1928-- Stalin’s 1st Five Year Plan begins
1928-- Alexander Fleming develops Penicillin
1928-- Kellogg-Briand Pact
1929-- Lateran Pact
October 29, 1929-- USA Stock Market collapses – Great Depression begins
1929-- Virginia Wolf writes a Room of One’s Own
1931-- Statute of Westminster
1931-- Boris Yeltsin becomes president of Russia
1932—Roosevelt elected
1933-- Dachau opens
1933-- Stalin’s 2nd Five Year Plan begins
June 1934-- Night of the Long Knives
1935-- Italy invades Ethiopia
August 1935-- Nuremburg Laws
October 3, 1935-- Italy invades Ethiopia
1936-- Spanish Civil War begins
1937-- Picasso paints Guernica
1937-- Neville Chamberlain becomes PM
February 1938-- Anschluss
November 1938—Kristallnacht
September 1938-- Munich Conference – Appeasement
1939-- Sigmund Freud dies
August 1939-- German/Soviet NonAggression Pact
September 1939-- Phony War
September 1, 1939-- Germany invades Poland
1940-- Charlie Chaplin appears in The Great Dictator
May 10, 1940—Winston Churchill PM
June 1940-- France surrenders
July 1940-- Battle for Britain
June 22, 1941-- Operation Barbarossa
December 7, 1941—Pearl Harbor
January 20, 1942-- Wannessee Conference
June 1942-- Battle of Midway
July 1942-- Battle of Stalingrad
January 1943-- Casablanca Conference
November-December 1943-- Tehran Conference
June 1944-- D-Day at Normandy
August 1944-- Paris Liberated
1945—Roosevelt died
1945-- Benito Mussolini dies
1945-- Adolph Hitler dies
January 1945-- Red Army enters Berlin
February 1945-- Yalta Conference
May 7, 1945-- Germany surrenders
July-August 1945-- Potsdam Conference
August 6, 1945-- A-Bombs in Japan
September 2, 1945-- Japan surrenders
November 1945-- Nuremburg Trials
1948—Gandhi dies
1948-- Berlin Airlift
1948-- Marshall Plan
1949-- NATO founded
1949-- Soviets get the A-Bomb
1950-- Schuman-Monnet Plan
1955-- Albert Einstein dies
1955-- Warsaw Pact founded
1957-- Common Market established or EEC
1960-1989-- Sino-Soviet split
1960-- U-2 Spy Plane Incident
1962-- Cuban Missile Crisis
January 24, 1965—Winston Churchill dies
1968-- Brezhnev Doctrine
1969-- Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
1974-- The Book of Numbers by Herbert Spencer
1975—Stahlin dies
1985-- Mikhail Gorbachev becomes leader of Soviet Union
1989-- Berlin Wall is torn down
1992-- Maastricht Treaty
1993-- Wittgenstein
1998-- EURO distributed throughout Europe
1999-- EURO accepted throughout Europe
1999-- “ethnic cleansing” of the Balkans