Latin America
History Study Guide
NAME____________________
Key Terms:
1.
maize- important crop to the native Americans
2.
hieroglyphics- system of writing using drawings and symbols.
3.
aqueduct- canals used to carry water from source to distant areas
4.
conquistador- Spanish conqueror
5.
indigenous- native people
6.
immigrant- person who moves from one country to another
7.
Line of Demarcation- used to divide land between Spain and Portugal
8.
mestizo- Native and Spanish parents
9.
The Night of Fires began the revolution movement in Haiti.
10. Tenochtitlan was home to what group of Native Americans? Aztec
11. Cuzco was the capital of which Native American tribe? Inca
Who am I?
Last powerful emperor of the Aztec was Montezuma II
The last emperor of the Inca was Atahualpa, and he was killed by Pizarro.
Spanish conquistador who fought the Aztecs- Cortes
Conquistador who fought the Incas- Pizarro
Liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Panama- Simon Bolivar
Liberator of Argentina, Chile, Peru- Jose de San Martin
Is known for the Cry of Dolores which began the movement for independence in Mexico- Father Miguel Hildago
Former slave that led the revolution in Haiti- Toussaint L’Ouverture
The Maya were known for their accurate calendar, system of writing using hieroglyphics, and a number system.
The Aztec were known for their chinampas, astronomy, and architecture.
The Inca were known for their extensive roads, aqueducts, and messengers.
List some major reasons why the Spanish were able to conquer the Aztecs:
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Better weapons
•
Diseases
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Other natives living in the region became allies
List some major reasons why the Spanish were able to conquer the Inca:
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Better weapons
•
Diseases- like smallpox
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Civil war which had been going on for some time
The Aztecs built their civilization in the Valley of Mexico
The Inca were located along the western coast of South America in the Andes Mountains.
Inca had more than 14.000 miles of stone roads. These were useful for sending messengers.
Both potatoes and maize were grown in the Americas and eventually brought to Europe. Example of the Columbian Exchange
Brazil was a colony of what country? Portugal
The ancient civilizations of the Americas were mostly polytheistic. That means they worshipped more than one god
Know the levels of the caste system in New Spain- Peninsulares, Criollos (Creoles), Mestizo, Natives, Africans
Directions: Label the countries- Mexico. Venezuela. Colombia. Ecuador. Panama. Bolivia. Chile. Argentina.
Draw: Shade RED the country Father Hidalgo began the revolution movement in. Draw a green line to trace the
path of countries Simon Bolivar helped to liberate. Draw a brown line to trace the path in the countries Jose de
San Martin helped to liberate. Shade blue the country Toussaint L’Ouverture helped to liberate (Haiti).
Label the Pacific Ocean. Atlantic Ocean. Gulf of Mexico. Carribean Sea.