Intro to Vertebrates
Chapter 16
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Chordate
Chordate Animals with Notochord
Notochord - Rod that supports
animal
Chordate Subgroups
Cephalochordates
Lancelets
Buried in sand/shallow sea
Simple Backbone
Chordate Subgroups
Urochordata
Larvae Notochord, lost in adulthood
Sea Squirts
Chordate Subgroups
Vertebrata
Backbone or spinal column
Also called Craniata
Cranium
Chordate Characteristics
Endotherms
Can maintain a constant internal
Temperature
WARM BLOODED
Ectotherms
Need outside sources of heat
COLD BLOODED
Fishes
16-1
Fish Characteristics
25000 species
Brain that tracks senses
Sight, Smell, Hearing
Lateral Line
Rows of nerves that sense water
vibration
Fish Characteristics
Gills
Remove O2 From water
Removes CO2 From Blood
Fish characteristics
Reproduction
External Fertilization
Unfertilized Eggs in Nest,
Male swims over & Fertilizes
Reproduction Cont.
Internal Fertilization
Female deposits Eggs in Nest
Embryos develop inside Female
Fish Anatomy
Types of Fishes
Jawless
Eel-like
Notochord-No backbone
Scavengers or Parasites
Hagfish & Lampreys
Types
of Fishes
Cartilaginous
Skeleton stays as cartilage
More Dense than Water - must keep
moving
Keeps water moving through gills
Types of Fishes
Bony Fish
Common
1cm - 8.6m
Skeleton of bone
Swim Bladder
Gas filled sac, control buoyancy
Bony Fishes
Two Main Groups
Ray Finned
Most bony fish
Pair of fins connected by bone
Eels, trout, minnows, pearch
Fin Groups
Lobe-finned group
Muscular and think
7 species
6 of them Lung fish
Possible descendents of Amphibians