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Why do we have a Bill
of Rights?
Article VII of the Constitution
• Ratify- to approve
VS.
Do Now: Read the handout and complete the
chart on page 3 that compares Federalists vs.
Anti-Federalists.
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Goals:
Goals:
Ratify the Constitution
Views:
Views:
A Stronger Federal Government
necessary
Goal:
Goal:
Against ratification
James Madison
Supporters:
Supporters:
Educated, upper class, Wealthy
merchants, business man, bankers
Achievements:
The Federalist Papers:
Papers:
Essays written to try and convince
the public to support the
Constitution
• 9 states had to ratify the
Constitution for it to take
effect
• Two opposing sides
emerged
Views on Government:
Government:
Government power should belong
to state governments
A strong Government would limit
or take away people’s rights
Supporters
poor farmers, uneducated, lower
class
Alexander Hamilton
Achievements
The Bill of Rights
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George Washington
Years in office: 1789- 1797
The Presidency
of George
Washington
Domestic
Issues
Political Party: None but
supported Federalists
view of Government
Vice President: John
Adams
Significant positions held:
Commander-in-Chief of
Continental Army
Precedent
an example that others follow. It becomes a tradition
1) Precedents
2) Rise of Political
Parties
3) Economic
Problems
4) Whiskey
Rebellion
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Precedents
Obama’s Cabinet
CabinetCabinet- Presidents Advisors
who are the heads of
Executive departments
• Only serving 2 Terms
• Neutrality in Foreign
Affairs
The Rise of Political Parties
Differences in opinion in Washington’s
Cabinet led to the first political parties
The Cabinet includes the Vice President and the heads of 15
executive departments — the Secretaries of Agriculture,
Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human
Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development,
Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans
Affairs, as well as the Attorney General.
Economic Problems
• Depression
• Debt
• Alexander
Hamilton’s
plan saves
the
economy
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Whiskey Rebellion
• Pennsylvania
farmers rebel
and refuse to
pay tax on
whiskey
• Washington
leads military
to stop
rebellion
Do Now:
Why does
Washington have to
stop the rebellion?
Why does Washington have
to stop the rebellion?
President’s job
to enforce laws
Had to prove
government had
power to
enforce laws
What if he did
nothing?
Foreign Policy:
The policy of how we interact
with other countries
What if he did nothing?
Proclamation of Neutrality
French Revolution
leads to war
between France
and British
France wants US
help
Decides to be
Neutral- not take a
side
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Jay’s Treaty
Causes:
British were
capturing American
ships and sailors
Farewell Address
1) do not make
alliances with
foreign countries
Supreme
Court
Justice
John Jay
Results:
• Extremely unpopular
• America gains little but war is
avoided and British leave forts
If Alexander Hamilton is not a President,
Why is he on the 10 dollar bill?
2) Geographic
isolation from
Oceans
3) Followed a policy
of isolationism and
neutrality
“Tis our true policy
to steer clear of
permanent alliances
with any portion of
the foreign world.”
Hamilton’s 4 Point Plan
1. Pay off debt by selling
bonds
2. Increase Taxes and Tariffs
• TariffTariff- tax on Imported
goods
Secretary of Treasury
3. Tax on Whiskey
4. Create a National Bank
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Why was Hamilton’s Economic
Plan So Controversial?
How to Interpret the
Constitution?
Loose Construction
Do Now:
Page 7
government can make laws not
written in the Constitution
Read
Thomas
Jefferson’s
opinion and
answer the
question
below.
Strict Construction
Hamilton believes….
• the Elastic Clause gave
Congress the power
• Loose Construction
(interpretation)
• Means that government
can make laws not
written in the
Constitution
government can only do what is
written in the Constitution
Jefferson’s Opinion
• Because the power to
create a bank is not
written in the
Constitution
• believed in strict
construction
(interpretation)
• government can only do
what is written in the
Constitution
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