D
J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 10 (2016) 301-304
doi: 10.17265/1934-7375/2016.06.007
DAVID
PUBLISHING
Magnetic Isotope Theory of the Origin of Life on Earth
Aibassov Yerkin1, Nakisbekov Narymzhan1, Yemelyanova Valentina1 and Savizky Ruben2
1. Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies and Materials, Kazakh National University Al-Farabi, Almaty 005012, Kazakhstan
2. Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
Abstract: The authors have proposed a new of magnetic isotope theory of life on Earth. According to this theory the initial impetus
for the beginning of the synthesis of organic compounds is the impact of electromagnetic radiation from the sun and energy
radioactive isotopes.
Key words: Theory of the origin of life on earth, magnetic field, radioactive isotope, synthesis organic compounds.
1. Introduction
Life is one of the most complex phenomena of
nature. The problem of the origin of life on Earth has
long been haunted by many scientists [1-6]. Ever since
man began to wonder, where was all alive, all this
time been considered a set of hypotheses and
assumptions about the origin of life.
In this work, an opportunity to review and modify
the theory of Oparin-Haldane as the most likely, is to
make it further effect of the magnetic radiation and
radioactive isotopes of energy.
The authors first time offered to consider the effect
of the magnetic field and the radioactivity to the first
organic compounds in the origin of life on Earth.
2. Theory
At various times regarding the origin of life on Earth
put forward the following three theories: the steady
state of life, spontaneous and Oparin-Haldane’s
“primordial soup”.
Oparin suggested that solutions of high molecular
compounds can be formed spontaneously increased
concentration zone that is relatively separated from
the external environment and may support
communication with it. He called them coacervates.
Corresponding author: Aibassov Erkin Zhakenovich,
professor, research field: metal organic chemistry of uranium
and thorium, As, Sb and Bi.
According to his theory, the process to the origin of
life can be divided into three stages: the emergence of
organic substances; occurrence of protein; occurrence
of protein bodies. Planetary systems arose from the
gas-dust material. Along with metals and metal oxides
contained in it, hydrogen, ammonia, water and simple
hydrocarbon—methane.
Conditions for the start of the formation of protein
structures have been established since the introduction
of the primary ocean (broth). In the aquatic
environment derivatives of hydrocarbons could be
subjected to complex chemical changes and
transformations. As a result of the complexity of the
molecules could form more complex organic materials,
namely carbohydrates.
Science has shown that the application of ultraviolet
rays can be artificially synthesized not only amino
acids and other organic substances. According to
the theory, a further step towards the emergence
of proteins could be the formation of coacervate
drops. Molecules of water surrounded by a shell,
joined
together
to
form
multimolecular
complexes—coacervates. They also can occur by
simply mixing a variety of polymers. Thus there is a
self-assembly of polymer molecules in the formation
of multimolecular. Drops were able to absorb
substances from the outside on the type of open
systems. Thus, coacervates can grow, multiply,
exercise metabolism.
302
Magnetiic Isotope Th
heory of the Origin
O
of Life on Earth
In 1953, in
i an experim
ment Miller—
—Urey placedd the
mixture of H2O, NH3, CH
H4, CO2, CO in
i a closed veessel
and began to
t pass throuugh her elecctric shocks at a
temperature of 80 °C. It was
w found thaat the amino acids
a
are formed. Later also suugar nucleotiddes were obtaained
under varioous conditioons. Miller concluded that
evolution caan occur wheen fazovooboosoblennom state
s
of solution (coacervates)
(
. However, suuch a system
m can
not reproducce itself.
3. Results and Discusssion
Electromaagnetic wavees as a geneeral phenomeenon
were predictted by the claassical laws of
o electricity and
magnetism, known as Maxwell’s equuations. Howeever,
to date, the magnetic efffects in chem
mistry have been
b
little studiedd. Therefore, the authors have
h
attempteed to
investigate the effect of
o magnetic effects on the
physicochem
mical and thhermodynam
mic functionss in
chemistry.
Figs. 1 annd 2 show thee electromagnnetic waves.
Not only is the wave of
o electric andd magnetic fiields
travel at thee speed of liight, but theyy have a lim
mited
orieentation and a proportionnate amountt, E = coBo,
whiich can be immediately
i
seen from the
t Poyntingg
vector. The eleectric field, magnetic fiield and thee
direection of wavve propagatioon are all ortthogonal andd
the wave propaagation in thhe same direection as thee
vector E × B.
Then
T
we obtaiin the followiing equation::
ΔE/ΔB = c
wheere, c is the sppeed of light..
From
F
the viewpoint
v
off electromag
gnetic wavee
mov
ving rectilineearly, the elecctric field can
n fluctuate upp
and
d down, whilee the magnetic field may vary
v
right andd
left, but this patttern can be aalternated witth an electricc
field oscillating right and leeft, and a magnetic
m
fieldd
oscillating up and
a
down. T
This arbitrarriness in thee
orieentation withh a preferennce to the propagationn
direection is know
wn as polarizaation (Fig. 3)).
Thus,
T
the polaarization of electromagnettic waves hass
a grreat influencee on the coursse of chemicaal reactions.
If the magneetic field andd enables to
o change thee
direection of the magnetic pooles, whereass the reactionn
can
n go in the oppposite direction.
Fig. 1 The electromagneti
e
ic oscillations can be represeented in the fo
orm of self-proopagating tran
nsverse vibratiions of electricc
and magneticc fields. The fiigure—plane-p
polarized wavee propagating from right to left. Fluctuattions in the eleectric field aree
shown in a veertical plane, and the fluctuattions of the maagnetic field - in
i the horizonttal.
Fig. 2 The figure—planef
-polarized wavve propagatingg from right to
t left. Fluctuaations in the eelectric field are shown in a
vertical planee, and the flucttuations of the magnetic field
d—in the horizzontal.
Magnetiic Isotope Th
heory of the Origin
O
of Life on Earth
Fig. 3
3033
The polarization
p
off electromagnettic waves.
Fig. 4 Chan
nging the direction of motion
n of the electron
ns as
a function of the direction of
o the magneticc field.
The theorry has been unnable to offerr a solution too the
problem of
o accurate reproductioon—within the
coacervate and the geenerations—ssingle, randoomly
appeared efffective proteiin structures. However, it was
shown thatt the first coacervatess were forrmed
spontaneoussly from the liipid synthesizzed abiogeniccally,
and they may
m
enter into
i
symbiossis with “livving
solutions”—
—colonies selff-replicating RNA molecuules,
among whiich were thhe ribozymees catalyze the
synthesis of lipids, and a community can
c already caalled
organism.
The impettus for the devvelopment off the theory of the
RNA worldd was the disscovery of riibozymes—R
RNA
molecules with
w enzymattic activity, and
a thereforee are
ablee to combinee the functionns that these cells mostlyy
opeerate separatelly proteins annd DNA, that is to catalyzee
biocchemical reeactions and storage of geneticc
info
ormation. Thhus, it is assuumed that the first livingg
creaatures were RNA-organis
R
sms without proteins andd
DN
NA, and theey could bee the protottype of thee
auto
ocatalytic cyycle formed by the very
y ribozymess
capable of catalyyzing the syntthesis of theirr own copies..
The
T authors afffirm, in the ffollowing exp
periment, it iss
possible for the authors
a
to gett organic com
mpounds.
(1) In a 10 mL
m test tubee for NMR spectroscopyy
anaalysis is neceessary to pouur an aqueous solution off
NaN
NO3, KHCO
O3, NaHPO
O4, UO2(NO3)2. Changee
mag
gnetic spectrooscopy of the following op
ptions: (a) thee
tem
mperature from
m 20 to 300 °C; (b) X-raay irradiationn
dose (from 5 min
m to 60 m
min); (c) conccentration off
uran
nium salts; (dd) pressure (11 to 150 atm (weld vial));;
(e) the concentraation of d- annd f-elements..
Itt is possible to
t flow the Eqq. (1):
N 4H2PO4 + H
NH
HCOOH +
NaCl + KJ + ATP
P → NH2COO
ONa
(1))
(2
2) The waterr soluble inorrganic salts of Na, K, Mg,,
Fe, Cu, and otheers. The authoors introducee the uranium
m
saltt solution. Thhen the solutiion was passed through a
mix
xture of gasess: CO2, CO, C
CH4, H2 and N2.
304
Magnetic Isotope Theory of the Origin of Life on Earth
It is possible to flow the Eq. (2):
(2)
nCO2 + nH2O + hv → n(C6H12O6)
As a result of these experiments is necessary to pay
attention to formation of an organic phase (NMR, IR
and UV spectroscopy, etc.).
3. Conclusions
The authors affirm that the total dependence on the
factors influencing the emergence of life on Earth, is
described by the equation:
Life = f (T, P, E, B, R),
where, T is temperature, P is pressure, E is electrical
field, B is magnetic fields, R is radiation.
Thus, the authors have proposed a new of magnetic
isotope theory of life on Earth. According to this theory
the initial impetus for the beginning of the synthesis of
organic compounds is the impact of electromagnetic
radiation from the sun and energy radioactive isotopes.
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
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Sugawara,
T.
2011.
“Self-Reproduction
of
Supramolecular Giant Vesicles Combined with the
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