TESSONS
2t
3 AND 4: ALL OR NOTHING
3. ln Night Elie Wiesel records how he survived
4.
the
as a twelve-year-oldJewish boy in a Nazi concentration camp.
Originally regarded as a god with absolute authority over the Aztecs,
Mon[ezuma's reputa[ion for
destroyed by the Spanish invasion.
5.
was
Because we had held so many drills, there was nô
when a real fire broke out, and everyone left the building calmly
6. Although Rapunzel was
edina high
tower to hide her beauty, her long hair served as a ladder for her
' rescuer. ,
7,
team dressed before the track meet, tension was
in the locker room.
LESSON 4
Humani nihil a m.e alimurn puto.
I ttrink nothing.hrrr.nar-r=i.saliee-to-me.FTel"ENcc.
KeyWords
annihilate
aperture
inception
incipient
Challenge Wqrd
incipit
negate
nihilism
overt
renegade
vacuous
vanity
vaunt
lNClPlO, INCIPERE, lNCEPl, INCEPTUM <1. "to begin"
l. inception (in sëp'shen)
n.
T}:.e begin_ning of something.
Since the inception of o voccine for polio, thot diseose hos olmost disoppeored from the eorth.
2. incipient (in sip'ë
ent)'
adj.-In its early stages; beginning.
A sore throot ond runny nose ore the
symptoms of on incipient cold.
incipiently,
adu.
22
VOCABULARY FROM CLASSICAL ROOTS
NIHIL <1. "nothing"
3. annihilate (a ni'e
lãt')
tr. u. -[o destroy completely.
lan=,ad<L. "[o"]
During the rodio broodcost of lhe Wor of the Worlds, thousonds of
listeners thought Mortions were obout to onnihilqte New Jersey.
ãñäfüilablê, adj.; ¡üräihil¿ition;
Synonym: decimate
4.
rL.
;'annlhilâtöt,
n.
nfüilism (ni'e liz'em, nl'hâ liz'em, në'e liz
em)
n. The total rejection of religious or moral beliefs.
From the point of view of nihilism, ony behovior is occeptoble since no
rules of ethics exist.
nihilist, n.; nihilistic, adj.; nihility,
n.
NEGO, NEGARE, NEGAVI, NEGATUM <1.
5. negate (ni gãt')
tr. a. l. To disprove; to nulli$.
,,to
deny,,
Golumbus's voyoge to the New World
negoted the theory thot the eorth wcis fläi.
I
Challenge Words
abnegate
renege
2.
To rulç out; tò cancel; to repeal.
The legislotion ollowing eighteen yeor olds to
vote negoted previous lows thot hod set the
voting oge ot twenty-one or older.
negation, n.
6. renegade (rën'ï gãd)
fre<L. intensifierl
n. One who deserts a group, cause, faith, etc.; an outlaw.
When Democrots lost the election, mony former supporters
turned
renegode ond ioined the Repubficons.
adj. Llke
a renegade; traitorous.
Loyal troops crushed che revolt and imprisoned renegade off,rcers.
VANUS <1. "empty"
VACUUS <1. "empty"
7. vacuor.rs
(väk'yõõ es)
adj. Empq, especially of meaning or purpose.
.:,
LESSONS 3 AND 4: ALL OR NOTHING
:
23
Educolors often criticize television cqrtoons for kids os vocuous entertoinment.
vacttity, n.
8. vanity (vän'i te)
n.
1. Conceit, especially about one's aPpearance'
Despite the vonify of the Sponish.royol
fo.ìly, Froncisco Goyo pointed their
portråits showing oll their physicol ond
Challenge Words
devoid
vacate
,¡,V
'.1:
tir'Þ
11.'\l
morol shortcomings.
2. Something worthless or useless.
Buddhism teoches thot humon ombitions ore
vonity.
3.
A dressing table'
A vonity usuolly hos on ottoched mirror ond
mony drowers.
I vaunt
(vônt, võnt)
tr. a. To boast; to brag about'
ffi'winneis'do'not
'
,
vount their viõlories
n. A boast.
Porents' vounts obouî their possessions often emborross their children
vaunted, adj.
APERIO, APERIRE, APERUI,
APERTUM <1. "to open"
10. aperture (äp'er cher)
i. nn opening, especially one that admits
Challenge Word
light.
apéritif
The photogropher odiusted the operlure of the
lens to let in more light.
11. overt (ö vûrt', o'vûrt-)
ad'j. Done or shown oPenlY'
Their ovêrt hostility gove us little hope for o reconciliotion
overtly, adu.
VOCABUTARY FROM CTASSICAT ROOTS '
24
EXERCISE
4A
Circle the letter of the best SMIIONYM (the word or phrase most nearly
the same as the word in bold-faced tfpe).
1.
2.
3.
overt aggressions a. preclusive b. fìerce c. obvtous
d. bipartisan e. conscious
find no aperture a. opportunity b. clue c. excuse d. cloister
e. opening
a(n) vacuous conversation a. boring b. innocent c. overt
d. meaningful e. pointless
' Circle the letter of the best ANTONLÀ4 (the word or phrase most nearly
opposite the word in bold-faced type).
4.
the incipient
6.
e. wounded
the inception of their romance a. conception b. purpose
c. break-up d. rumor e. mistake
storm a. dramatic b. anticipated c. annihilating
d. concluding e. rain
5. a renegade soldier a. valiant b. boastful c. faithful d. veteran
EXERCISE
48
Circle the letter of the sentence in which the word in bold-faced type is
used incorrectly.
1:.'a,
èilffi'ff &acuõus vani ti æoTõurr'lifi ryJ
isillus io n
became a pYiest.
D
oh
n
Donn
e
I prefer a book to the vacuous conversation at most parties.
c. In many works of science fiction a human being becomes lost in
the immense vacuity of outer space.
The
d.
vacuity created by hundreds of suction cups on an octopus's
tentacles enables it to hold fast to rocks.
a. Vanity made Queen Elizabeth I prey to flatterers.
b. In Pilgrim's Progress the hero is tempted to linger on his,journey
at Vanity Fair, where all the vanities of the world can be
b.
2.
t
purchased.
c
It
is
.
vanity to think you can.change human nature.
d. Reluctant to vanity her fame, she travels modestly
3.
under an
assumed name.
To a nihilist, patriotism makes no sense.
b The Russian Czar regarded nihilistic ideas as a threat to the
monarchy.
c Nihilism rejects education on the grounds that we can neyer
Iearn anything anyway.
d. After years of extravagant living beyond their budget, they faced
nfüilism.
a.
TESSONS 3
AND 4: ALI OR NOTHING
25
4. a. The research
of Polish astronomer Copernicus negated the longheld theory that the sun moved around the earth.
b. A negate like her criticizes everything and approves nothing.
c. An atheist negates the existence of God; an agnostic remains
uncertain.
d. This treaty negates all previous alliances the nations had made.
EXERCISE 4C
Fill in each blank with the most appropriate word from Lesson 4. Use a
word or any of its forms only once.
1.
2.
3.
All wildlife
d by the forest fire
was
We grew weary of hearing her
athletic achievements.
Since its
her
in
7945, the Unired Nations
has been the subject of controversy.
4.
The new students were easily identifiable by their
selÊconsciousness on the first day of school.
5.
Smoke from the cooking fire eScaped through,àn
at the top,ofthe tepee.
6.4
believes that neither ethical nor
religious rulescan govern human behavior.
7
.
Education reformer Maria,Montessori encouraged kindergarteners'
interest in arithmetic by providing
games for weighing and measuring.
8.
Following the American Civil War, Southern farmers were often
threatened by "bushwhackers, "
who had deserted the army to becoming roving bandits.
soldiers
VOCABUTARY TROM CLASSICAT ROOTS
26
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR LESSONS 3 AND 4
I
Fill in the blank or circle the letter of thç best answer
1.
and the Latin root
Both the Greek root
mean "a[1."
2.
pandemonium : uproar ::
a. cloister : catholic
b. omnivorous : meat-eating
c. Catholic : Holocaust
d. preclude : Prevent
e. vacuous : omniPresent
3,
claudere
:
aPerire
::
a. omnis : lotus
b. uanus : aacuus
c. to close : to oPen
d. incipere : begin
e. door : aPerture
4. nihil : omnis
a. pan : holos
b. all : nothing
c. nothing : all
d. totus ; omnis
e..never : alw'aYs
5. Both the root
"a-pty."
6.
2
and the root
mean
Negare means
Writing or Discussion Activities
1. Write two sentences
showing the different meanings of catholic.
2.WriteSentencesinwhichyo,,u'eanftwowordsfromeachgroup:
a. omnipotence, vaunt, overl
b. vanitY, Preclude, inciPient
g. Write a sentence or two in which you
4.
describe someone's vacuous
behavior. IJse uacuous ot uaatity in your sentence'
Write a sentence or two in which you try to explain why someone
might become a recluse. Use recluse in your sentence'