Dec. 2, 2014
Chapter B1: Matter and How it Changes
p B7 Measuring Volume: Metric Units
Vocabulary
1. milliliter- metric unit of volume or capacity smaller than a
liter
2. liter- metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 1,000
milliliters
Notes
• Volume is the amount of space an object takes up or holds.
• The word capacity is sometimes used instead of volume.
• The abbreviation for milliliter is mL.
• The abbreviation for liter is L.
• A milliliter is about the size of a dropper.
• A liter is about the size of a medium water bottle.
Dec. 2, 2014
Lesson 1: What are objects made of?
Vocabulary
1. matter- anything that takes up space and has weight
2. property- something about an object, such as size,
shape, color or smell, that you can observe with one or
more of your senses
3. volume- the amount of space an object takes up
4. mass- the measure of how much matter an object
contains
Notes
• Everything you see around you is made of matter.
• Even the air around you is made of matter.
• Objects can be made of different types of matter. They
can be made of metal, plastic, or cotton.
• Humans are also made of matter. For example: their
bones and skin.
Dec. 4, 2014
Lesson 1: Continued
Notes
• You can put objects in groups based on their color, size, or
shape.
• We describe objects based on their properties. Properties
are observed with your senses.
• Properties are an object's size, shape, color, smell,
texture, and state of matter.
• Length is a property that can be measured with meters or
centimeters.
• You can use a measuring stick or tape measure to measure
length.
Dec. 5, 2014
p B12 Lesson 1: Continued
Notes
• A larger object has greater volume. A smaller object has
less volume.
• Liquid volume is measured in liters and milliliters.
• Heavy objects have more mass than light ones.
• Mass is measured in grams.
• Mass and weight are DIFFERENT!
• An object's weight can change in different places, such as
the moon.
• An object's mass is always the same.
• A balance is a tool to measure mass.
Dec. 10, 2014
p B16 Lesson 2: What are Physical Changes?
Vocabulary
1. physical change- change in the way matter looks, but the
kind of matter remains the same
2. mixture- two or more kind of matter that are placed
together but can be easily separated
3. states of matter- the three forms of matter--solid, liquid,
and gas
4. solid- state of matter with a definite shape and volume
5. liquid- state of matter with a definite volume but no shape
of its own
6. gas- state of matter with no definite volume or shape
7. water vapor- water as a gas
8. evaporate- to change from liquid to gas
9. condense- to change from gas to liquid
Notes
• You make a physical change when you cut something, draw
on something, pour out liquids, or break something.
• Ripping paper, cutting fruit, and sharpening pencils are
examples of physical changes.
• Physical changes only change how matter looks not what it
is made of.
• A mixture combines different types of matter that can be
separated.
• A fruit salad is an example of a mixture. You can easily pick
out each type of fruit.
Dec. 11, 2014
p B18 Lesson 2: continued
Notes
• Matter exists in three forms. They are called the states
of matter.
• The solid state has a definite shape and volume. A desk and
a book are examples of solids.
• The liquid state has a definite shape but no volume of its
own. Liquids take the shape of their container. Water and
juice are examples of liquids.
• The gas state has no definite shape or volume. Gas takes
the shape of a container or room. Air and water vapor are
examples of gases.
• When matter changes from one state to another is goes
through a physical change.
• Liquid evaporates into gas.
• Gas condenses into liquid.
• Steam is different from water vapor.
Dec. 15, 2014
p B22 Lesson 3: What are Chemical Changes?
Vocabulary
1. chemical change- a change that causes one kind of matter
to become a different kind of matter
Notes
• Wood burning changes into gases and ashes. This is an
example of a chemical change.
• The steel on a toy truck left in the rain turns to rust. This
is a chemical change.
• If you bite an apple and leave it in the air, it goes through
a chemical change.
• A chemical change takes place when fireworks explode.
• Once matter has gone through a chemical change it usually
cannot be restored to its original state.
Dec. 16, 2014
p B24 Lesson 3: continued
Notes
• Chemical changes happen in kitchens all the time.
• When you bake something, the batter goes through a
chemical change. It turns into the bread or cake you were
making. A gas is also formed.
• When you eat something, another chemical change happens
in your body to turn food into energy you can use.