Ecodesign
Your Future
How Ecodesign can help
the environment by making
products smarter
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How ecodesign can help the environment
by making products smarter
A
ll products have an impact on the environment
during their life-cycle spanning all phases from
cradle to grave, including the use of raw
materials and natural resources, manufacturing,
packaging, transport, disposal and recycling.
More than 80% of the environmental impact of a
product is determined at the design stage.
Ecodesign implies taking into account all the environmental impacts of a product right from the earliest
stage of design. In particular, this avoids uncoordinated
product planning (for example, eliminating a toxic
substance should not lead to higher energy consumption, which on balance could have a negative impact on
the environment).
The Ecodesign Directive provides a coherent and
integrated framework which allows setting mandatory
ecodesign requirements for some products. For instance,
the Ecodesign Regulation on standby requires that many
domestic electrical and electronic products such as
washing machines, TV or personal computers do not
consume more than 0.5W in off mode as of 2013.
However, ecodesign requirements must not lower the
functionality of a product, its safety, or have a negative
impact on its affordability or consumers’ health.
A methodology has been developed to provide
operational guidance to the Commission on how
to assess whether and which ecodesign requirements
are appropriate for a given product.
For more information on this Ecodesign Methodology,
please see the website of DG Enterprise and Industry:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable-business/
ecodesign/methodology/index_en.htm
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Table 1
The first 13 measures (more are planned) = annual savings by 2020
equivalent to more than 12% of the electricity consumption of the
EU in 2009
Ecodesign Measure
Adoption
Estimated annual
savings by 2020
Standby
December 2008
35 TWh
Simple set top boxes
February 2009
6 TWh
Street & Office Lighting
March 2009
38 TWh
Domestic Lighting
March 2009
39 TWh
External power supplies
April 2009
9 TWh
Electric motors
July 2009
135 TWh
Circulators
July 2009
23TWh
Domestic refrigerators
July 2009
4 TWh
Televisions
July 2009
28 TWh
Domestic dishwashers
November 2010
2 TWh
Domestic washing machines
November 2010
1.5 TWh
Fans
March 2011
34 TWh
Air conditioners and comfort fans
March 2012
11 TWh
Total
366 TWh
For up-to-date information on all Ecodesign measures,
please refer to our website: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ecodesign
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What are the benefits
for European citizens and industry?
I
f, for instance, ecodesign requirements for domestic refrigerators have been set under the Ecodesign
Directive, any refrigerator which does not comply
with these requirements will not qualify for CE marking,
and therefore cannot be sold in the European Union. The
energy consumption requirements set via the Directive lead to considerable energy savings. By 2020, the
first Ecodesign Regulations on 13 product groups (see
Table 1) are projected to allow energy savings equivalent
to more than 12% of the electricity consumption of the
EU in 2009 (compared to a ‘business as usual’ scenario).
Measures will trigger numerous product improvements
such as lower power consumption in standby mode
of electric and electronic appliances or wider use of
variable speed drives in electric motors.
burden for manufacturers has to be avoided, as well
as negative impacts on affordability for consumers and
on industry’s competitiveness. Ecodesign Regulations
aim at promoting sustainable competitiveness by
allowing manufacturers to get a competitive edge
through improved performance of their products.
The harmonised rules at EU level ensure that no divergent
national or regional measures on ecodesign hinder the
free movement of goods and oblige manufacturers to
comply with many disparate regulations. Manufacturers
can thus take advantage of economies of scale.
Ecodesign requirements address only the main
environmental parameters of products which have
significant sales and trade in the EU (indicatively more
than 200,000 units), a significant environmental impact
and potential for improvement. Ecodesign requirements
must remain cost-effective. Excessive administrative
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Which products does
the Ecodesign Directive cover?
T
he Ecodesign Directive was extended in 2009 to
all energy-related products (the use of which
has an impact on energy consumption), including:
•
energy-using
products
(EUPs): products
which
use, generate, transfer or measure energy (e.g.
electricity, gas, other fossil fuel), including consumer
goods such as boilers, computers, TVs, washing machines,
light bulbs and industrial products such as transformers,
industrial fans, industrial furnaces.
•
other energy related products (ERPs): products which
do not necessarily use energy, but have an impact on
energy consumption (direct or indirect) and can therefore contribute to saving energy, such as windows, insulation material or bathroom devices (e.g. shower heads, taps).
The Ecodesign Directive does not create binding
requirements on products by itself: product requirements
are set in Commission Regulations.
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TVs
machine tools
computers
water heaters
refrigerating equipment
air conditioning
What type of product requirements
can be set at EU level?
The Ecodesign Directive foresees two types of
mandatory product requirements:
Specific requirements, which:
• Set limit values, such as maximum energy
consumption or minimum quantities of recycled
material.
Generic requirements, which:
• Do not set limit values
• May require, for example, that a product is
“energy efficient” or “recyclable” (compliance with the
relevant harmonised European standard, gives
presumption of conformity with the requirement).
• May entail information requirements, such as
material provided by the manufacturer about best
practices to use and maintain the product in order
to minimise its environmental impact.
• May require that the manufacturer perform a lifecycle analysis of the product in order to identify
alternative design options and solutions for improvement.
Under the Ecodesign Directive, if a voluntary
agreement by industry fulfils certain conditions,
it is considered as a priority alternative to mandatory
requirements. The voluntary agreement must achieve
the same objectives as binding legislation in a more
rapid and cost-effective manner.
The voluntary agreement must deliver added value compared to the ‘business as usual’ scenario,
through quantified and staged objectives. It must
foresee credible monitoring and reporting (for example
independent inspections) and represent a large majority
of the industrial sector under consideration. Additional
conditions are detailed in Annex VIII of the Ecodesign
Directive.
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How are mandatory product requirements decided?
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3
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The European Commission adopts a Working Plan, which sets
out an indicative list of priority products to be explored for their
ecodesign potential over the next three years.
Each product group mentioned in the Working Plan is analysed
in a preparatory study, in order to assess whether and which
ecodesign requirements are appropriate (according to the Ecodesign Methodology).
A draft Commission Regulation is submitted to the Consultation
Forum (representatives of EU and EEA Member States and of 30
stakeholders such as business federations, NGOs and consumer
organisations) for comments. A thorough impact assessment
follows, which details essential figures such as energy saving
potential or costs for industry.
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4
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The draft is submitted to the vote of the Regulatory Committee
(representatives of EU Member States).
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The draft Commission Regulation remains under the scrutiny of
the European Parliament and the Council for 3 months.
The Commission ensures a common understanding of the
framework Directive and its implementing measures through
meetings of representatives of Member States and all
interested stakeholders, in the Ecodesign Working Group.
All issues relating to the implementation of the Directive,
including market surveillance, are discussed there.
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What are the next
T
steps?
he Ecodesign Working Plan 2009-2011 contains an indicative
list of products which have been investigated as a priority
up to end 2011, including products such as non-household
refrigerators, DVD players and game consoles, food preparing
equipment (e.g. ovens, hobs and grills, coffee machines),
machine tools etc. All information related to the Ecodesign
Working Plan 2012-2014 is available at our website:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ecodesign
A study reviewing the effectiveness of the Ecodesign Directive and
its implementing measures is available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable-business/ecodesign/
review/index_en.htm Based on this review, the Commission has to
assess by end 2012 whether any amendment to the Ecodesign
Directive is necessary, including an extension of its scope beyond
energy-related products.
The Commission has also updated its Ecodesign Methodology (to
take into consideration the experience gained from the first Ecodesign measures, and the extension of the scope to energy related
products). The updated methodology can be downloaded at:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable-business/ecodesign/
methodology/index_en.htm
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The Ecodesign Directive is meant to be used together with
other policy tools, in particular the Energy Labelling Directive. The
effects of mandatory requirements under these two Directives can
be significantly reinforced if combined with other voluntary schemes
such the EU Ecolabel, Green Public Procurement (GPP) and financial
incentives.
The Ecodesign Directive allows the Commission to regulate the
minimum performance of products. As a consequence, it ”pushes”
the market away from the worst performing products. In addition, the Energy Label classifies products remaining on the market
according to their efficiency, with an A to G scale (A being the most
efficient and G the least efficient). It thus “pulls” the market towards
more efficient products by better informing consumers. For some
product groups, the most efficient products are identified through
the Ecolabel “flower”.
The graphic below shows the integration of several policy instruments to generate a “push and pull” effect on the market.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PERFORMANCE
A B C D E F G
Ecodesign Requirements
Non compliant products
% OF
PRODUCTS
COVERED
Which department is responsible for the Ecodesign Directive in
the Commission?
The Ecodesign Directive is under the common responsibility of
DG Enterprise & Industry and DG Energy.
Contacts:
[email protected]
[email protected]
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Images: © Fotolia.com | © Istockphoto.com | © European Union, 2012 - Reproduction is authorised - Printed on recycled paper
Ecodesign Your Future
How Ecodesign can help the environment by making products smarter
To find out more:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ecodesign
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/ecodesign/eco_design_en.htm
Contact:
[email protected]
[email protected]