Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1(a): Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’
for, (1-x)Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4+ (x)BaTiO3 for x=0.0 (Ferrite Phase)
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
30.22
(220)
2.955
35.60
(311)
2.520
37.27
(222)
2.411
43.27
(400)
2.010
49.54
(420)
1.838
53.58
(422)
1.709
57.13
(511)
1.612
62.73
(440)
1.480
75.48
(533)
1.258
18.41
(111)
4.815
33.24
(310)
2.693
96
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1 (b):Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’ for
(1-x)Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4+ (x)BaTiO3 for x=0.2
▪Ferrite Phase
*Ferroelectric Phase
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
18.40
(111) ▪
4.819
35.58
(311) ▪
2.521
37.19
(222) ▪
2.415
43.24
(400) ▪
2.090
57.16
(511) ▪
1.610
75.26
(533) ▪
1.262
62.77
(440) ▪
1.479
22.27
(001) *
3.988
31.63
(110) *
2.826
39.01
(111) *
2.307
45.33
(200) *
1.999
56.45
(211) *
1.629
97
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1 (c): Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’ for,
(1-x)Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 + (x)BaTiO3 for x=0.4
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
34.22
(310) ▪
2.619
35.61
(311) ▪
2.518
37.22
(222) ▪
2.414
43.26
(400) ▪
2.060
53.61
(422) ▪
1.601
57.19
(511) ▪
1.477
63.16
(440) ▪
2.619
18.42
(111) ▪
4.812
22.23
(001)*
3.996
31.60
(110) *
2.829
45.51
(200) *
2.002
65.94
(220) *
1.415
74.92
(103) *
1.266
▪Ferrite Phase
*Ferroelectric Phase
98
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1 (d): Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’
for, (1-x)Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4+ (x)BaTiO3 for x=0.6
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
34.21
(310) ▪
2.935
35.69
(311) ▪
2.513
37.21
(222) ▪
2.088
43.70
(400) ▪
1.469
57.20
(511) ▪
2.231
62.85
(440) ▪
4.492
22.19
(001) *
4.003
31.57
(110) *
2.831
38.88
(111) *
2.315
45.22
(200) *
2.004
51.11
(210) *
1.792
56.17
(211) *
1.636
65.84
(220) *
1.417
▪ Ferrite Phase
* Ferroelectric Phase
99
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1 (e): Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’ for,
(1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2 Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3 for x=0.8
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
30.43
(220) ▪
2.935
35.71
(311) ▪
2.513
43.31
(400) ▪
2.087
63.24
(440) ▪
1.469
40.40
(321) ▪
2.231
19.75
(111) ▪
4.492
22.21
(001)*
3.910
31.59
(101)*
2.830
45.23
(200)*
2.003
50.92
(210)*
1.792
56.17
(201)*
1.636
65.86
(211)*
1.417
70.41
(220)*
1.336
▪ Ferrite Phase
* Ferroelectric Phase
100
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.1 (f): Bragg’s angles, Miller indices and inter-planer spacing ‘d’ for,
(1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2 Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3 for x=1.00 (Ferroelectric phase)
Bragg’s
Miller
Inter-planer
angle
Indices
spacing ‘d’ (Å)
22.13
(001)
4.013
31.55
(110)
2.834
38.85
(111)
2.316
45.13
(200)
2.007
50.71
(210)
1.798
56.13
(211)
1.637
65.67
(220)
1.421
69.48
(300)
1.351
74.44
(310)
1.273
78.20
(311)
1.221
101
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.2: Lattice parameters of Ferrite, Ferroelectric phases and their c/a
ratios of (1-x)Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 + (x)BaTiO3 for (x = 0.0-1.0)
Comp.
‘x’
Lattice
Lattice
parameter of
parameters of
Ferrite Phase
Ferroelectric
(Å)
Phase. (Å)
Ferroelectric
phase
c/a ratio
a
a
c
Expt.
0.0
8.352
---
---
---
0.2
8.349
3.988
4.025
1.009
0.4
8.343
3.998
4.042
1.011
0.6
8.319
4.005
4.047
1.010
0.8
8.237
4.006
4.049
1.011
1.0
---
4.019
4.060
1.010
102
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.3: X-ray density, Bulk density, Porosity and Particle size ‘t’ for
(1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3 (x = 0.0-1.0)
Comp.
‘x’
X-ray density
‘dx’
(gm/cm3)
Bulk density
‘d’ (gm/cm3)
Porosity
Particle
P
size ‘t’ (Å)
(%)
0.0
5.408
3.936
27.217
211.38
0.2
5.535
3.897
29.602
152.74
0.4
5.662
3.268
42.279
143.44
0.6
5.789
3.421
40.911
136.29
0.8
5.916
3.857
34.808
132.06
1.0
6.043
3.765
37.690
83.11
103
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.4: Saturation magnetization, Remnant magnetization, Coercive
field and Remanence ratio for Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2 Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3 (x = 0.0-1.0)
Comp.
Saturation
Magnetization
Remanent
Magnetization
‘x’
Ms
Mr
(emu/gm)
(emu/gm)
0
48.53
7.02
0.14
219
0.2
34.89
8.88
0.25
301
0.4
20.34
6.24
0.31
418
0.6
10.91
4.34
0.40
429
0.8
2.26
2.14
0.94
1218
Remnance
Ratio=
(Mr/ Ms)
Coercive
field
Hc
(Oe)
104
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.5: Molecular weight, Saturation magnetization and magnetron
number of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2 Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3
Comp.
Molecular
for (x = 0.0-1.0)
Saturation
Magneton
Magnetization
Number
Ms(emu /gm)
ηB
(x)
Weight
0.0
237.18
48.53
2.06
0.2
236.39
34.89
1.48
0.4
234.61
20.34
0.85
0.6
234.81
10.91
0.46
0.8
234.02
2.26
0.09
105
Chapter-IV: Result and discussion of (1-x) Ni0.5Cu0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 +(x) BaTiO3
Table 4.6: Magnetoelectric conversion factor with composition for (1-x)
Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2 Fe2O4+(x) BaTiO3 (x = 0.0-1.0)
Magnetoelectric
Comp.
‘x’
Series
Conversion factor
[dE/dH]H
(mV/Cm-Oe)
0.2
80%(Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2Fe2O4)+(20%) BaTiO3
15
0.4
60%(Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2Fe2O4)+(40%) BaTiO3
24.8
0.6
40%(Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2Fe2O4)+(60%) BaTiO3
46.7
0.8
20%(Ni0.5Cu0.3 Zn0.2Fe2O4)+(80%) BaTiO3
141.7
106