COMPOUND
BINARY COVALENT
two nonmetals only
- the most
electropositive
element first
- the most
electronegative
element second
- use prefixes in the
name to show the #s
of each atom in the
compound
- the prefix mono
isdropped from the
first element
- doesn’t apply to H
compounds
- attach the suffix “ide”
to the 2nd element
eg. P2O5 diphosphorus
pentoxide
SO3 sulphur trioxide
IONIC
at least one metallic and one nonmetallic element present
BINARY
two elements only
UNIVALENT
METAL
MULTIVALENT
METAL
ie. Group 1 & 2
metals and Al3+,
Zn2+ and Ag1+
ie. All other metals
- metal 1st with
no name
change
- non-metal 2nd
and with the
suffix changed
to “-ide”
eg. CaCl2 calcium
chloride
POLYATOMIC
more than two elements
UNIVALENT
METAL OR
POSITIVE ION
WITH KEY
ANION
WITH ANION
DERIVED FROM
KEY
HYDRATE
salts containing
bound water
WITH ACID ANION
ie. Group 1 & 2
metals and Al3+,
Zn2+ and Ag1+ AND
+1
H1+ and NH4
- metal 1st
- same as with
- Roman numeral
Binary elements
in brackets to
eg. Ca2+ - Calcium
show charge on
the metal ion
- non-metal 2nd
with the suffix “- MULTIVALENT
ide”
METAL
eg. FeCl3 –
iron (III)
chloride
- same as with
Binary elements
eg. Sn2+ - tin(II)
- name the ionic
salt then by the
prefix for the #
of H2O
molecules and
then the word
hydrate
eg. CaCl2·2H2O calcium chloride
dihydrate
- name the
- name the derived
- name the acid anion
memorized
anion based upon
by using prefixes to
key anion
the key anions using
denote the # of H’s
list (see
the following rules;
combined with the
over)
anion then followed
1 more O: per___ate
by the anion name
-2
1 less O :
___ite
eg.. SO4 ,
2 less O : hypo___ite eg. SnHPO4 2
tin (II) hydrogen
CrO 4 , etc. eg. Ca(ClO ) 22
phosphate
calcium chlorite
Sn(H2PO3)2 Sn(ClO)2 tin (II) dihydrogen
tin(II) hypochlorite
phosphite
POLYATOMIC IONS
AND THEIR NAMES
-2
SO4
sulphate
-3
PO4
phosphate
-2
CO3
carbonate
-1
NO3
nitrate
-1
ClO3
chlorate
-1
BrO3
bromate
-1
IO3
iodate
-2
CrO4
chromate
-2
Cr2O7
dichromate
-1
CH3CO2
acetate
-1
C2H3O2
acetate
C2O 4 2
-1
MnO4
2
S2O
3
OH-1
CN-1
OCN-1
SCN-1
+1
NH4
oxalate
ARCHAIC ION NAMES
AND THEIR CHARGES
Cu+1
Cu+2
cuprous
cupric
1/2
hemi
1
mon
Fe+2
Fe+3
ferrous
ferric
2
di
mercurous
mercuric
Sn+2
Sn+4
stannous
stannic
Pb+2
Pb+4
plumbous
plumbic
Au+1
Au2+
aurous
auric
Co+2
Co+3
cobaltous
cobaltic
Sb+3
Sb+5
stibnous
stibnic
hydroxide
cyanide
cyanate
thiocyanate
ammonium
ACID NOMENCLATURE RULES
NB - use these rules when naming the water
solutions of hydrogen compounds
I
hydrogen _____ide : hydro_____ic acid
II hydrogen _____ate : _____ic acid
3
Hg+1
Hg+2
permanganate
thiosulphate
GREEK PREFIXES
tri
III hydrogen _____ite : _____ous acid
4
tetra
5
penta
6
eg.
H2S(aq)
hydrosulphuric acid
hexa
HClO4 (aq)
perchloric acid
7
hepta
H3PO3 (aq)
phosphorous acid
8
octa
9
nona
10
deca