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Biology
Biology is the study of life!
Bio = life | ology = study of
Spontaneous Generation (Abiogenesis) = living
things come from nonliving things--FALSE
Francesco Redi (1668) - experiments with red meat—
disproved spontaneous generation in large organisms
Biogenesis = living things only come from other living things
Anything that has all the
characteristics of life is an
Organism
Characteristics of Living Organisms
1. Made of one or more cells – the basic
unit of structure of life
2.#Reproduc,on—for#species#survival#
**Sexual—2*parents—offspring*is*a*combina7on*of*the*
parents*(gene7cally*different)*
**Asexual—1*parent—offspring*is*gene7cally*iden7cal*to*
the*parent*(cloning,*budding,*binary*fission)*
**Unicellular—composed of one cell (bacteria)
**Multicellular—composed of many cells (plants, animals)
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3. Has DNA—genetic information—
inherited from
parents
5. Physical Needs: (Energy, Food, Oxygen, Water,
Shelter, CO2)
Energy = the ability to do work
4. Growth and Development
Growth = getting larger (increasing biomass)
Development = changing shape and
structure
Differentiation = cells look different and
perform different functions
Specialization = cells become special to
carry out a specific function
6. Physical Response
React to changes in the environment
Metabolism = chemical reactions in the body
Stimulus = a signal
Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration
Response = a reaction
Autotrophs (make their own food) (producers)
Heterotrophs (get food from another source)
(consumers)
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7.  Homeostasis
Maintain a constant, stable, internal
environment
8.  Evolution
Species change over time
Adaptation = beneficial trait that allows an
organism to be better suited for survival
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