Name:________________________________Per:________
7.1 The War for Independence
1. Define the following term:
Mercenary
The Two Armies Face Off
2. As you read, fill in the chart below:
Strengths of the British Military
Strengths of the Patriot Forces
Fighting on their own ground
Well-trained army
Patriots fought for the strong cause of freedom
More people in their population
3. Why did it appear that the Patriots would not be much of a match for the British?
4. What were some reasons Loyalists supported Britain?
5. Why did Americans call the British mercenaries “Hessians?”
6. Read about the debate over what kind of government was needed and fill in the chart below:
Delegates led by James Madison
Other Americans
7. Summarize the challenges of troops and officers in the Continental Army.
8. Briefly describe how women found ways to help with the fighting:
Margaret Corbin: _______________________________________________________________
“Molly Pitcher”: ________________________________________________________________
Deborah Sampson: ______________________________________________________________
Early Campaigns
9. As you read about the early battles of the war, fill in the diagram below.
After Bunker Hill, the
___________________
Washington saw a
British realized they
was a free black who
chance to catch the
were going to need
made a midnight _____
British by __________
__________________.
and fought at ________
at Trenton &Princeton.
British General Howe
In need of troops, most
On ________________
sent 32,000 troops, but
states were willing to
night, the Cont. Army
it did not make the
enlist African
crossed the icy
Patriots ____________.
Americans to fight.
_____________River
After a defeat at _____
The British let
After suprising the
_________, the colony
Washington escape to
enemy at __________,
of __________became
__________________,
they scattered forces in
a Loyalist stronghold.
thinking he was beat.
Princeton, NJ as well.
British Strategy
5. As you read about the British strategy, answer the T/F questions and underline false phrases.
_________ The British goal was to seize Albany, NY and gain control of the Hudson River.
_________ If they controlled the Hudson, the British would cut off New England from Canada.
_________ The Patriot forces prevented the British from capturing Philadelphia.
_________ The Patriot victory at Saratoga meant that the British plan had failed.
7.2 The War Continues
Gaining Allies
1. What was Benjamin Franklin’s goal in 1777?
2. Describe in detail how the victory at Saratoga was a turning point in the American Revolution.
3. How did Spain help the Americans?
4. What challenges did Washington and his troops face at Valley Forge?
5. Using the evidence from the text, explain what the officer meant when he said, “There is a
spirit of discipline among the troops that is better than numbers.”
6. As you read about foreigners that helped Americans, label fill in the chart below:
 ________ man who volunteered at 19
 Had been officer in ______________ Army
 Excited about _______ in the Declaration of
 Helped _________ Patriot _________ at
Independence & wanted to fight for freedom
___________________and shape the Army
 Became an aide to ____________________
into a more ______________ fighting force.
Life on the Home Front
7. As you read about life on the home front, fill in the diagram below.
Cause:
Effect: Raising funds to pay for the war
was a great challenge.
Cause: Wealthy Patriots like Haym
Effect:
Salomon gave large sums of money to
the war effort, but it wasn’t enough.
Cause:
Effect: Inflation occurred, which meant
the value of currency dropped and it
took more money to buy goods.
Cause: Ideals of liberty and freedom
Effect:
inspired some women to question their
role in American society.
Cause:
Effect: Some governments tried to take
actions against the institution of slavery,
but the issue remained unsettled.
Cause: Many Loyalists fled or fought
with the British, but those who stated in
the U.S. faced difficult times.
Effect: