BIO 1O – FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY
COMPUTER LAB
INSTRUCTOR: K. VILLATORO
Name: ___________________________________
EVOLUTION LAB
PART 1: WHAT DID T.REX TASTE LIKE?
- go to the following website:
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/Trex/
- click on STUDENT START to begin your activity
- read each screen carefully before moving on to the next.
- answer the following questions as you navigate through this activity
FOLDER 1:
Lineage might have been a new term for you. Which is the best definition for lineage?
a) A single line showing age.
b) A continuous line of descent.
c) A set of parallel lines.
Within this folder, you compared the history of a single family to the history of all life. What are some things that they
have in common?
a) Both have a point of common ancestry.
b) In both, descendents inherit features from previous ancestors.
c) In both, descendents more closely resemble their recent ancestors than more distant ancestors.
d) All of the above.
e) None of the above.
FOLDER 2:
Examine this cladogram, and follow the instructions below
Indicate with an A, the common ancestor to all of these organisms
Indicate with a B, the common ancestor between Triceratops and Pigeon
Label with a C, the part of the diagram that shows the shared history between all of these organisms
Label with a D, the part of the diagram that shows the unique history of Triceratops
Circle the answer that best completes this statement: A "common ancestor" is:
a.
one that is very commonly seen in the fossil record.
b.
one that is shared by two or more organisms.
c.
one that has no distinguishing features and is therefore very "common."
FOLDER 3:
What is a cladogram?
Examine this cladogram, and follow the instructions below
Who is more closely related to crocodiles?
A. Squirrels
B. Triceratops
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Frippities probably had hair
B. Frippities probably laid eggs
Read the following statements then answer the question below.
A. All organisms inherit their features from their ancestors.
B. Organisms resemble their most recent ancestors more closely than distant ancestors.
C. Over time evolution occurs and new features appear.
Which of these statements are TRUE?
a.
A and C.
b.
B and C.
c.
All of the above.
d.
None of the above.
FOLDER 4:
Fill this table with the information presented
Character
Shark
Tuna
Frog
Human
Hare
Vertebrae
Bony skeleton
Four Limbs
Amniotic egg
Opening in front of eye
Hair
Heel bone
Bipedal
4
What did T.rex taste like?
th
and 5
th
finger lost
Caiman
Parrot
T.rex
PART 2: WHALE KIOSK
-Go to http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/whalekiosk.html
- Click on Go to site. Click on Enter. Click on Click Screen, above find out more. Click on Start
- Read the instructions and answer the following questions based on your exploration of this website
A. WHALE ANATOMY
1. What does the Latin word "cetus" mean?
2. What three groups of organisms are considered cetaceans?
Follow the instructions given to compare anatomical parts.
Click on the labels to compare the whale's anatomy with that of a fish and a cat. Fill out the chart below with
your answers to each structure, by placing an "X" under the organism whose structure is more similar to the
whale's
Structure
Fish
cat
Ears
Eyes
Lungs
Forelimb
Jaw
Mammary gland
3. According to the anatomical evidence, which organism is more closely related to a whale?
4. Draw and label the cladogram that you created for the whale, fish and cat below
5. What is the relationship between whales and cats?
- Compare the fossil teeth of whales to the other organisms on the website.
6. What sort of organism has fossil teeth most similar to whale teeth?
7. What is an ungulate?
8. What are some modern day ungulates?
9. To what group did the other skull belong?
10. Which are more closely related to whales...seals or horses?
-Roll over the whale icon, on the bottom left corner and click on Fossil Whales Home
-Click forward
- Click on each of the following: whale forelimb (arm), nostrils, leg, tail to see how each of these evolved from the
earliest fossils to the present whales. Use this information to fill out the following table
Structure
Describe the change of this structure from the earliest
Explain how was this change an adaptation
(Pakicetus) through the present whales
to the move on to water
Arm
Nostrils
Legs
Tail
- Roll over the whale icon, on the bottom left corner and click on Check out Molecules
- Read and follow the instructions carefully on how to compare the patterns of a series of nucleotide sequences
- IMPORTANT: leave the sequence that is most similar next to the whale sequence!
Number of differences
Number of differences
Number of differences
HORSE
COW
SEAL
Sequence 1
Sequence 2
Sequence 3
Sequence 4
Sequence 5
Sequence 6
Sequence 7
Sequence 8
Total Number of MATCHES
11. Based on the molecular data, Draw your cladogram of the whale, horse, cow and seal below
12. To which group does the molecular evidence suggest is most closely related to whales?