Ecosystems Review
I.Vocabulary :
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Ecosystem
Abiotic
Biotic
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Predator
Prey
Food Chain
Food Web
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Host
Biodiversity
Limiting Factor
Adaptation
A. The non-living factors in an ecosystem
B. An organism that is able to make its own food through photosynthesis
C. An organism that provides a home as an energy source for parasites
D. A variety of life within an ecosystem
E. A traits that allows an organism to survive his changing environment
F. An organism that eats other living things for food
G. Carnivores, Omnivores, and Herbivores
H. Plants
I. A living organism that is eaten by a predator
J. Resource or condition that limits the growth of a population
K. A relationship in which two species live in close proximity and interact regularly
L. An organism that breaks down dead carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores.
M. A relationship in which both species benefit such as a clown fish and sea anemone
N. A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is not affected
O. A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed
P. A model of how energy flows/moves from producer to consumer (single path )
Q. A model of that shows how food chains link together and interact
R. The living factors in an ecosystem
S. The combined living and non-living parts of an environment make up an ________.
T. An organism that hunts, catches, and eats another organism.
II. Short Answer
21. Only about _________ of the energy consumed by one trophic level is available to the next trophic level.
22. Grass  Grasshopper Bird
How much energy does the bird get from the grasshopper ?
23. Where does the producer’s source of energy come from ?
24. Explain how tigers, which eat meat, depend on green plants for their food supply ?
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25. List 4 different producers (may use any):
26. List 4 different consumers (may use any):
27. List 4 different decomposers (may use any):
28. Create 3 food chains from the following food web:
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III. Analyze the following graph and answer the questions:
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Describe the relationship between the moose and wolf populations between 1975 and 1980.
What year is the wolf population the greatest?
Why do you think there is a sudden decline in the wolf population between 1980 and 1982?
What happened to the moose population from 1990 to 1995? Why do you think this occurred?
In what year does the ecosystem seem the most stable between predator and prey relationships?
IV. Symbiotic Relationships
34. What is a symbiotic relationship within an ecosystem ?
35. What is mutualism ?
36. What is parasitism?
37. What is commensalism?
What type of symbiotic relationship is represented below? (Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism)
38. _____________________ Mistletoe grows on trees relying on the tree for water and minerals. It can prove fatal to
the tree.
39. _____________________ Vultures follow behind predators in order to eat the carcass left behind.
40. _____________________ A termite cannot digest wood, even though that’s its food source. It has a
microorganism living in its body that digests the wood the termite eats.
V. Abiotic vs. Biotic factors
41. What is an abiotic factor?
42. Name 5 abiotic factors on land that organisms depend on and compete for :
43. Name 5 abiotic factors in the ocean that organisms depend on and compete for:
44. What is a biotic factor?
45. Name 5 biotic factors on land that organisms depend on and compete for:
46. Name 5 biotic factors in the ocean that organisms depend on and compete for:
47. Give at least three limiting factors in an ecosystem ( these limit the growth of a population) :
VI. Human Impact on Environment/ Adaptations to changing environment
48. Give at least three ways humans have modified , changed , or affected the environment.
49. List at least three ways humans are dependent on oceans.
50. How are coral reefs being destroyed by humans.?
51. What are some ways we can make artificial reefs?
52. What percentage of water on Earth is considered ground and surface water?
53. What are some ways species have had to adapt to the changing environment such as the camel?
54. If the polar ice caps continue to melt, how will the polar bear need to adapt to his environment?
55. How will the black-footed ferret population need to adapt to a decrease in prairie dog populations?