Daily English Vocab
PDF 15th Dec 2016
Through a storm, safely
A year after the devastating deluge (जल-प्रलय/प्लावन), Chennai’s resilience (लौटाव/पलटाव) has been
challenged by the severe cyclonic storm, Vardah. Equipped with survival lessons from
the December 2015 floods and helped by an efficient flow of disaster warning messages, the city
and neighbouring districts held together through several hours of fierce (भयक
ं र/कोपाकुल/प्रचंड) winds.
Chennai’s trees bore the brunt, many uprooted or torn down irredeemably (बुरी तरह से/असाध्‍य रुप से).
The storm hobbled the city’s infrastructure by nightfall, downing power and communication
cables, blocking roads, disrupting rail and air transport, and spreading a carpet of darkness. It is to
the Tamil Nadu government’s credit that basic mobility was restored overnight, and fallen trees
were removed to allow some traffic to ply (चालू रखना/काम में लाना). Vardah also demonstrated that in
the time of social media and the Internet, speedy official and community messages can influence
the outcome of a catastrophe. While economic damage was inevitable, cautionary advice put out
on social platforms urging people to stay safe helped reduce the number of casualties (जनहानन/हताहतों
की सख्ं या). Remarkably, the community also responded with alacrity (तत्परता/उत्साह), creating online
groups and sharing messages offering help and advice. It is of course possible to learn even more
by going back to citizens and harnessing (काम में लेना/उपयोग में लेना) data on their experience using
online tools.
Tropical storms are an annual affair, with the more vulnerable (असरु नित/आघात योग्य/कमजोर) eastern
coast taking a pummeling (बार बार आना (strike repeatedly)) from 92 severe cyclones out of a total
of 262 between 1891 and 1990, and several more in the years since. Such weather events are a part
of the climate system, and their impact in the form of economic losses could well be greater going
forward, as development creates more assets in coastal cities. It is vital, therefore, that the learnings
from each event are shared nationally, and the capacity of officials and communities to manage
disasters built continuously. Such an approach helps coastal regions in the United States prepare
for and deal with storms better. Among the securities available to individuals in many countries is
insurance against property losses. Viable (नवकासिम/अर्थिम) policies should be made available in
India too, as this would bring scrutiny (अनुसन्धान/समीिा) on administrative measures and potentially
improve outcomes. A citywide blackout also underscores the importance of rooftop solar and
battery storage systems as supplementary power sources for households and corporates. Planting
trees with strong root systems and pruning the canopy (a better method of thinning and
managing trees so that it becomes tenacious enough to withstand the storm.) ahead of cyclone
season could reduce uprooting. In the aftermath of Vardah, the Tamil Nadu government should
restore infrastructure and provide priority relief to the families of those who lost their lives, and
the worst-hit communities.
(Courtesy: The Hindu)
1. Deluge (noun): A severe flood./ overwhelm with a flood. (जल-प्रलय/प्लावन)
 Synonyms: Flood, Torrent, Spate, Inundation, Cloudburst, Downpour.
 Antonyms: Drought, Aridity.
Example: After a deluge of tornadoes, most of the homes in the town were destroyed.
Verb forms: Deluge, Deluged, Deluged.
Related words:
Deluge (verb) - बाढ़ आना
2. Resilience (noun): The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties. (लौटाव/पलटाव)
 Synonyms: Pliability, Recoverability, Durability, Back Ability.
 Antonyms: Plasticity.
Example: The community was highly spirited and resilient despite a hurricane disaster.
Related words:
Resilient (adjective) - प्रत्यास्थी
Resiliency (noun) - तन्यकता
3. Fierce (adjective):
(भयंकर/कोपाकुल/प्रचंड)
Having or displaying a violent or ferocious aggressiveness.
 Synonyms: Ferocious, Savage, Vicious. Frightening.
 Antonyms: Gentle, Moderate, Calm, Pleasant.
Example: Although the Nazis were fierce fighters, they couldn’t withstand the Russian winter.
Related Words:
Fiercely (adverb): तीक्ष्णता से
Fierceness (noun): ननर्दयता
4. Redeem (verb): To come back from a bad situation to a good one (as previously was.) (पुरानी
नथर्नत में वापस आना)
 Synonyms: Retrieve, Regain, Recover, Get Back, Reclaim, Repossess.
 Antonyms: Forfeit, Lose, Abandon.
Example: After a severe earthquake the city was quickly redeemed and the credit goes to all
volunteers.
Verb forms: Redeem, Redeemed, Redeemed.
Related words:
Redeemable (adjective) - वापस नस्थनत में आ सकने योग्य
Irredeemably (adverb) - बरु ी तरह से/असाध्‍य रुप से
5. Ply (verb): To keep or to bring back in working condition. (चालू रखना/काम में लाना)


Synonyms: Function, Work, Keep, Continue, Carry On, Pursue.
Antonyms: Shun, Stop, Cease, Slow, Hold Up.
Example: The State government put the efforts to the best to ply the traffic conditions overnight.
Verb forms: Ply, Plied, Plied.
Related words:
Pliability (noun) - अनक
ु ू लनशीलता
6. Casualties (noun): Loss in numerical strength through any cause, as death, wounds, sickness,
capture, or desertion. (जनहानन/हताहतों की सख्ं या)
 Synonyms: Fatality, Mortality, Loss, Dead and injured/wounded, missing in action.
 Antonyms: Safe, Guarded, Protected.
Example: The devastating storm causes several casualties in the area.
7. Alacrity (noun): Brisk and cheerful readiness. (तत्परता/उत्साह)
 Synonyms: Enthusiasm, Ardor, Fervor, Keenness, Joyousness, Liveliness, Zeal.
 Antonyms: Apathy, Dullness, Lethargy, Reluctance.
Example: My alacrity for playing basketball with friends is much higher than writing a boring
research paper.
8. Harness (verb): Make good use of. (काम में लेना/उपयोग में लेना)
 Synonyms: Exploit, Utilize, Use, Make Productive.
 Antonyms: Waste, Idle.
Example: Engineers are finding new ways to harness the sun's energy to heat homes.
Verb forms: Harness, Harnessed, Harnessed.
Related words:
Harnessing (adjective) - काम योग्य
9. Vulnerable (adjective): Exposed to the possibility of being harmed /exposed or in a position
that cannot be completely defended. (असरु नित/आघात योग्य/कमजोर)
 Synonyms: Penetrable, Unsafe, Unprotected, Permeable, Unguarded.
 Antonyms: Protected, Sage, Secure.
Example: Because little kids have weak immune systems, they are very vulnerable to illness.
Vulnerability (noun): अरनितता
Vulnerably(adverb): असरु नित रूप से
10. Viable (adjective): Capable of working successfully. (नवकासिम/अर्थिम)

Synonyms: Workable, Feasible, Practicable, Applicable, Usable, Manageable, Operable,
Possible.
 Antonyms: Impossible, Unfeasible, Unlikely, Unachievable, Unpractical, Unreasonable.
Example: If the project is not viable, there is no reason for us to consider it.
Related words:
Viability (noun) – व्यावहाररकता
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