II
Examples of differentiated
lesson plans
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Example 2
JS History
S1
Topic
Olympic Games
Number of Lessons
2 lessons (40 minutes per lesson)
Learning objectives
Know
• the venue, sports events and culture of ancient Olympic Games
• the aims of ancient Olympic Games
Understand
• the connection between ancient and modern Olympic Games
Do
• find out the differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games
Tools for differentiation / Instructional strategies
Tools for
differentiation
Instructional strategies
• Form A and B (Appendix 1)
• Equalizer (Appendix 2)
• Tiered Questions
The questions will be asked about the students’ daily life. Then questions
will be projected to students’ experience in their own country and to
international level Olympic Games.
• Exit Card
It is an assessment tool for monitoring students’ learning progress.
*You may view chapter 2 in the animated video for reference.
Learning and Teaching Materials
Video clips
Pre-assessment
• Olympic flame lighting ceremony in Athens in 2008 (3:51)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDcO0MbjAyQ
• Beijing 2008 Olympic Highlights (5:31)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQqmelsJlhs
Worksheet (Appendix 3)
• Historical and interesting facts / worksheets (Appendix 4)
Classwork
• Table of comparison between Ancient and Modern
Olympic Games (Appendix 5)
• Exit Card (Appendix 6)
Home assignment /
Extended learning
activities
• Worksheet (Appendix 7)
• Pre-assessment task (Appendix 8)
Students’ work
• Exit Card
• Puzzle game : Olympic rings
38
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Teaching Flow
Time
Steps in the
lesson
Learning and
teaching activities
Elements / strategies of
Differentiated Instruction
Use the results of Form A and Form B to
• Conduct a survey to find out
set the topic that interests students most.
students’ learning interests and
(Appendix 1)
understand their knowledge of the
Equalizer (Appendix 2)
teaching topic.
Pre-assessment Task:
• Distribute a worksheet with
Before Pre-assessment
Worksheet (Appendix 3)
questions
about
school
Sports
lesson
Day and ask students to relate the Students are required to answer questions
topic to modern Olympic Games. about their experience / impression
of school Sports Day and indicate
• Adjust the focus of the teaching
topic according to pre-assessment their areas of interest about ancient
and modern Olympic Games. (From
result.
foundational to transformational)
Lesson 1
• Review what students learned last
lesson.
• City-states: independent
government with own army
10
mins
Review
• Different city-states had different
characteristics (e.g. Athens and
Sparta).
• There were many ancient Greek
gods and goddesses in ancient
Greece.
• There are ancient Olympic Games
and modern Olympic Games.
Teaching pace will be adjusted timely
according to the response from
students.
Refer to Historical and interesting facts/
worksheet and Table of comparison
between Ancient and Modern Olympic
Games (Appendix 4 and 5)
• Select two students to share their
pre-assessment result.
39
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Teaching Flow
in the
Time Steps
lesson
Learning and
teaching activities
Elements / strategies
of Differentiated
Instruction
• Teacher asks students, ‘What is Olympic Games
nowadays?’ (sports games, competition).
• Share the results of the pre-assessment and
introduce the sports items found by students.
Tiered questions:
1. from factual recall to
• Introduce the ancient Olympic Games and emphasise
comparison
the importance of religious value in ancient Olympic
2. from ancient to
Games (e.g. even Spartans stopped war/there was
modern
truce during ancient Olympic Games).
3. from basic knowledge
Introduction
to further readings
of the aims, • Introduce ancient Olympic Games with religious rituals
in
ancient
Greece.
players,
Refer to Historical and
20 sports events,
interesting facts
• Who could join the ancient Olympic Games?
mins
worksheet (Appendix 4)
culture
(Only male)
(opening
The miming game caters
Group Activity 1 : Miming Game
ceremony)
for learner diversity as
• Invite students to demonstrate the action of the
some students learn
sports items in ancient Olympic Games. Other
better by adopting
students try to guess the name of the items in ancient kinesthetic approach
Olympic Games.
while some others prefer
group activities.
• What types of sports games were played in
ancient Olympic Games? (Long jump, distance
running, boxing, wrestling, chariot racing, throwing
spears/javelins, throwing discus.)
5
mins
Feedback
time
• Introduce all sports events in ancient Olympic Games.
Teacher explains some events related to the situation
in ancient Greece.
• Why were there wrestling and chariot racing in
the ancient Olympic Games? (The sports events
are related to wars.)
Lesson 2
• Introduce the athletes who were naked when they
played the games in ancient Olympic Games.
10
mins
• Why did the players not to wear anything when
they played the games? / Why were they naked? Refer to Historical and
(Greek culture: human body is beautiful. The Greeks interesting facts /
Teaching and
liked to show their bodies to others.)
worksheet
students’
(Appendix 4)
responses • In our school Sports Day, what prizes would be
given to the winners? (Gold, silver and bronze
(From concrete to
medals)
abstract)
• What prize did the athlete win in the ancient
Olympics Games? (A crown of olive leaves) Why?
(religious event)
Questioning • May provoke the bright students to have further
10 and students’
thinking by asking them about the Olympic Games
mins
between the two World Wars and in 1936.
responses
40
Tiered questions are
asked to provoke
students to think further
and let them understand
the importance of religion
in Greek civilisation.
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Teaching Flow
in the
Time Steps
lesson
Learning and
teaching activities
Elements / strategies
of Differentiated
Instruction
• Historical facts about ancient Olympic Games
• Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to
cheating (Theodosius I)
• Theodosius II ordered to destroy all Greek temples
in 426 B.C.
• Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the
International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1890.
15
mins
Questioning
and
students’
response
Historical and interesting
facts / Further readings
sheet (Appendix 4)
• In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was
held in Athens.
Students who are
interested and want to
• Differences between ancient and modern Olympic know more about this
topic may move on to the
Games
last part of this worksheet
• Aims are different. (Ancient Olympic Games was
for further readings on
to honour God Zeus. Modern Olympic Games is Olympic Games and the
to promote international sportsmanship)
World Wars.
• Venue is different. (Ancient Olympic Games:
Olympia. Modern Olympic Games: different host
cities)
• Opening ceremony, Torch Relay, Closing
ceremony
• Find out the differences between ancient and
modern Olympic Games.
Group Activity 2: Olympic Games Puzzle
• Students are divided into a group of 4.
• Teacher distributes a set of cards to each group.
The cards consist of description of ancient or
modern Olympic Games.
10
mins
• Students take turns to read the card. They find
the answer which matches the questions shown
on the game board. Then they put the correct
Activity for
answer cards on the given questions. After the
consolidation
completion of the task, the whole group should
put up their hands to indicate their completion of
work. The fastest group will be the winner of the
game. Students who obtain all correct answers
will find a picture of Olympic rings.
Follow-up Task:
• After the activity, teacher asks students to
complete the Exit Card.
Take-home assignment
• Introduce and distribute the home assignment
(Consolidation exercise).
Exit Card (Appendix 6)
Puzzle game for
consolidation through
group work.
Teacher collects Exit cards
from students to
understand their learning
progress and identify
their learning difficulties
to inform planning of next
lesson.
Home assignment/
Extended learning
activities: Worksheet
(Appendix 7)
Home assignment with
extended learning activities
for students who have
interest or who are ready
to explore more on this
topic.
(From structured to open)
Students’ work
(Appendix 8)
41
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Appendix 1
Number of
Students: 36
Data collected from Form A
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17
Data collected from Form B
Reading level
R(1-3)
R1 : 0%
R2 : 50%
R3 : 50%
Writing Level
W(1-3)
W1 : 0%
W2 : 56%
W3 : 44%
Critical thinking skills
C1(1-3)
C1-1 : 0%
C1-2 : 56%
C1-3 : 44%
Group (G) /
Solo (S)
Interests
Visual(V)
Auditory(A)
Kinesthetic(K)
G : 67%
S
: 28%
S&G : 5%
Reading
: 11%
Drama
: 11%
Public speaking : 6%
Speaking
: 6%
Mathematics
: 11%
Computer
: 28%
Others
: 27%
V/A : 39%
V/A/K : 61%
Collaboration Skills
C2(1-3)
C2-1 : 0%
C2-2 : 29%
C2-3 : 71%
Creativity
C3(1-3)
C3-1 : 0%
C3-2 : 53%
C3-3 : 47%
Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, Leading and Managing a Differentiated Classroom, ASCD, 2011. pp.156-157
42
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Appendix 2
Equalizer: A tool for differentiating process and product
Topic: Olympic Games (S1)
Foundational
Transformational
Write a diary about your
experience in school
Sports Day.
Write a journal on a day you
joined the ancient
Olympic Games.
Structured
Open
Think of a sports event that
ancient Greeks could join,
but not the modern athletes
or vice versa.
Create and describe ONE
sports event with
elements of new and
old Olympic Games.
Concrete
Explain why the
Spartan boy was
abandoned by his mother.
Abstract
What is the importance of
Sports Day to students?
Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms,
Pearson Education, 2005. pp.47
43
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Appendix 3
Pre-assessment Task
Answer the following questions.
1. Did you participate in any sports events on the School Sports Days?
YES / NO
(Circle the answer)
2. What types of sports events did you / your classmates participate in the School Sports Days?
(You may write or draw 3 events as answers.)
3. What did you learn from the Sports Day? How did you feel after participating in the Sports Days?
Were there any special sports event which impressed you a lot?
(e.g. I was impressed by the class relay and cheering competition.)
44
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Appendix 3
4. We are going to learn ancient and modern Olympic Games. Is there anything you would like to learn
more? (Circle not more than 3 items)
aims / culture / opening ceremony / closing ceremony / torch relay /
legends of ancient Olympic Games / sports events / Athlete /
Others (please specify):
5. The followings are the icons for events in modern Olympic Games shown in website on Beijing 2008.
Circle the ones which you guess can be found in ancient Olympic Games.
45
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Appendix 4
Olympic Games
1. There were
It consisted of
150
city-states in Greece. Greece located at
peninsula
and
islands
southern-east
of Europe.
. This made communication
City-states gradually formed with their own government system and independent
amy
2.
Zeus
: chief god
3. Hermes :
god
4.
Apollo
: sun god, music god
5.
Poseidon
6.
Athena
: Goddess of Wisdom
7.
Selene
messenger
difficult
.
: sea god
: Goddess of the moon
8. How to worship ancient Greek gods?
Holding
9. Only
religious ceremonies
males
human bodies
, building
temples
could join ancient Olympic Games. Ancient Greeks believed
were very beautiful so they were naked in ancient Olympic Games.
10.7 types of sports events in ancient Olympic Games
1.
Running
5.
Throwing spears
2.
Long Jump
6.
Throwing discus
3.
Boxing
7.
Chariot racing
4.
Wrestling
war
These 7 types of events were related to
776
11. Ancient Olympic Games: started in
12.Modern Olympic Games: A.D.
46
.
1896
.
B.C.
to present
.
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Appendix 4
Historical facts of ancient and modern Olympic Games
cheating
13. Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to
(Theodosius I). Theodosius II
ordered to destroy all Greek temples in 426 B.C. (No more Olympic Games).
14. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in
15. In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was held in
Athens
1890
.
.
Interesting facts about modern Olympic Games
16. By 2016, the Olympic Games have been hosted by
15
cities in 23 countries.
17. USA has hosted eight Olympic Games (4 Summer Olympic Games and 4 Winter Olympic Games).
18. Olympic Games have been held in Asia for 3 times.
1964 Tokyo, Japan
1988
Seoul, South Korea
2008
Beijing, China
19. 2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro will be the first Olympics hosted by a
20. No Games have been held by
African
south
American country.
countries.
Further Readings on Olympic Games and the world wars
If you are interested in the above topic, please browse the following websites.
· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1916_Summer_Olympics
· http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005680
47
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Appendix 5
Olympic Games
Study the picture and use your own knowledge, draw an athlete getting a prize in a modern Olympic
Game in the space provided and complete the following table.
Ancient Olympic Games
Modern Olympic Games
A comparison between Ancient Olympic Games and Modern Olympic Games
Ancient Olympic Games
1. Aims
2. How often
4
Every
48
and
years
Olympia
A crown of
5. Who can join
the Games?
6. Should the
athletes wear
uniform?
·Promote international
·A religious ceremony
3. Venue
4. What do the
winners get
as awards?
Zeus
·Honour God
olive leaves
Only male
Yes /
No
Modern Olympic Games
friendship
sportsmanship
4
Every
years
host cities
Different
gold, silver, bronze medals
Both males and females
Yes
/ No
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Appendix 6
Exit
rdt Car
ExitdCa
aExi
r
dit C
CEaxr
d
Olympic Games
(EXIT CARD)
1. Write down 3 sports events in ancient Olympic Games.
(1)
(2)
(3)
2. Write down 2 different host cities which held modern Olympic Games.
3. Write down 1 thing that you have learnt and most impressed you in this lesson.
49
Learning and Teaching Resource Pack
for Secondary History Curriculum
Appendix 7
Olympic Games
Home assignment
Answer two questions.
1. Please think of a sports event that
(a) ancient Greeks could join, but not the modern athletes or
(b) modern athletes could join, but not the ancient Greeks
If I were a (boy/girl) (circle the suitable one), I could join
. (name a sports event)
2. Write a diary about your experience in School Sports Day.
Extended Learning Activities
Complete one of the following tasks.
(a) Create and describe ONE sports event with elements of modern and ancient Olympic Games.
(b) Write a journal on a day you joined the ancient Olympic Games (Write at least 50 words).
50
Part II : B. Contents
Junior secondary (S1-3)
2. Olympic Games
(Tiered activities)
Appendix 8
Students’ work
1. Extended learning activities (b)
2. Exit Card
3. Group work :
Puzzle game on Olympic Rings
51