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Ch. 3 Notes
The Rise of Colonial America: 1625-1700
PURITANS
Three divisions:
1. Separatists –
2. Congregationalists –
3. Presbyterians -
OUR SEPARATISTS
November 1620
Mayflower Compact
1st Winter Bad – only 44 survived!
WHY?
Fall of 1621
William Bradford
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PLYMOUTH’S Contributions:
MASSACHUSETUS BAY COMPANY
1630 1630 – 1640 By 1642 John WINTHROP’s - CITY ON THE HILL
MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY
1. Right to vote
2. Taxes
3. Government
4. Settlement Outlay
5. Clergy’s power
6. Church’s power
PURITAN BELIEFS
1. Predestination
2. Visible Saints
3. Refrain from sin
4. Covenant with God
5. Illegal to live alone
6. All men must work to the best of their ability
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7. Must love God first
8. Discipline
9. Literacy
1647 – Old Deluder Act
1636 – Harvard founded to train Ministers
10. No Christmas!
11. No excess Profit
PURITAN DISSENTERS
THOMAS HOOKER
JOHN DAVENPORT
The FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT
ROGER WILLIAMS
Separation of Church & State
Rhode Island - 1644
RHODE ISLAND RULES:
ANNE HUTCHINSON
Antinomianism
JOHN WHEELWRIGHT
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Contributions of the PURITANS to American history & culture
1.
Thanksgiving
2.
Principle of majority rules
3.
Congressional principle of church organization & town meetings
4.
Hard work & a good life – God’s reward
5.
1st true Bicameral Gov’t
6.
Foundations of free public education & literacy
7.
Puritan/Protestant work ethic
8.
Environmental attitudes
9.
Ethical Standards
10.
Sense of mission – later grew into Manifest Destiny & Imperialism
11.
First written Constitution
12.
Self-Government
13.
Their lack of religious toleration led to religious havens in RI & PA eventually in the US as a whole
Waning faith…
JEREMAIDS & the HALF-WAY COVENANT - 1662
Led to WITCH HUNTS
LIFE IN MASSACHESUTTS
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CHESAPEAKE BAY COLONIES
(Present day Maryland, Washington DC, Virginia)
MARYLAND
1632 - 1st proprietary colony
George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
Act of Religious Toleration
Southern social classes developed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1660’s saw a change in the Chesapeake
Emergence of PLANTATIONS
Tobacco
Plantation Labor:
1. INDENTURED SERVANTS
2. SLAVERY
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Middle Passage:
1. Slaves in the US:
a.
1619 – 1640
b.
1640 – 1660
c.
1660’s – began to regulate slavery
BARBADOS CODE
1680’s brought many changes
WHY SLAVERY?
1.
2.
3.
Yeoman Farmers
1676 – BACON’S REBELLION
WHY IS BACON’S REBELLION IMPORTANT?
1.
2.
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3.
4.
New Hampshire
RESTORATION COLONIES
1633 - CAROLINAS (North & South)
Fundamental Constitution of the Carolinas
Government:
Governor (appointed)
(Bicameral legislature)
Upper House
Lower House
PROBLEMS:
NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH CAROLINA
1739 – STONO REBELLION
MIDDLE COLONIES
NEW YORK & NEW JERSEY
Problems:
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Lord Berkley:
Sir George Cateret:
PENNSYLVANIA
Quakers
Beliefs:
CHARTER OF LIBERTIES - 1701
WHY PENNSYLVANIA FLOURISHED:
DELAWARE
MIDDLE COLONIES - Summary
GEORGIA
James Oglethorpe - 1733