AP U.S. History- Mr. Flint
Test Chapter 7: The New Political Order, 1776-1800
Take Home Enrichment Extra Credit Test
You may earn 1 extra credit point for each correct completion question and 5 points for each well reasoned and
correct extended response question. This is only for review and extra credit.
Name: __________________________ Date: _____________
1. The Pennsylvania state constitution of 1776 created a(n) ________ legislature and,
overall, the most democratic government in America and Europe.
2. The state whose Revolutionary constitution imposed the highest property
requirements for voting and holding office was ________.
3. ________'s Revolutionary constitution was unique in giving the right to vote to all
free adult citizens—women as well as men—who met a specified property
requirement.
4. The Articles of Confederation were passed by Congress in 1777 but were not ratified
until ________ because of a dispute among the states over ________.
5. Daniel Shays was a former Continental army officer who led a Massachusetts farmers'
uprising demanding relief for __________.
6. The well-known Patriot who refused to attend the Philadelphia convention because he
favored a strictly limited national government was ________.
7. The Virginia Plan for a truly national government that was presented at the Philadelphia
convention was designed by ________.
8. Delegates at the Philadelphia convention placed the responsibility for selecting a
president in the hands of a(n) ________.
9. Delegates at the Philadelphia convention determined that for purposes of taxation and
representation, every slave would be counted as ________ of a free person.
10. The framers of the Constitution stipulated that when ________ of the original
thirteen states ratified it, it would go into effect.
11. The supporters of the Constitution became known as ________.
12. During the debate over the Constitution, rural ___________ feared that a powerful
central government controlled by merchants and creditors could produce a new
aristocracy.
13. In his essay known as The Federalist, No. 10, ________ argued that it was “sown in the
nature of man” for individuals to seek power and that the task of government in a free
society should not be to ________ factions but to keep any one of them from
becoming ________.
14. George Washington appointed ________ as his secretary of state in 1789.
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15. In 1790, ________ devised a sweeping and controversial plan to enhance the
authority of the new federal government and to consolidate its finances, and it was
adopted despite a counterproposal by ________, who opposed the profits that
Hamilton's plan would hand to speculators while providing no relief for the
disadvantaged.
16. A ___________ was a form of tax initially called for by Alexander Hamilton that
would exclude foreign products.
17. In his Notes on the State of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson declared ________ to be the
“chosen people of God.”
18. The ________ broke out in 1792 when farmers attacked tax collectors in western
Pennsylvania.
19. In 1793, when Britain's Royal Navy began seizing American vessels bound for France
from the West Indies, President Washington sent ________ to London to seek
compensation and to settle financial and territorial disputes between the United States
and Great Britain.
20. French agents dubbed ______, _____, and _____ insulted the honor of Americans
when they, along with French foreign minister _________, solicited a bribe and loans
from American diplomats to stop the French seizure of American ships.
21. To silence its political critics, in 1798 the Adams administration pushed through
Congress the ________ that lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,
the ________ that authorized the deportation of foreigners, and the ________ that
prohibited the publication of ungrounded or malicious attacks on the president or
Congress.
22. Jefferson and Madison introduced resolutions in the legislatures of ________ and
________ to void the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798.
23. In 1800, Thomas Jefferson and ________ received the same number of votes for
president in the electoral college, thus forcing ________ to select the president.
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Use the following to answer questions 24-27:
Ratifying the Constitution of 1787
Choose the letter on the map that correctly identifies each of the following:
24. The southern state whose convention voted unanimously to ratify the Constitution
25. Two New England states that narrowly ratified the Constitution in 1788
26. The last of the original thirteen states to ratify the Constitution
27. The region in New York most opposed to the Constitution
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EXTENDED RESPONSE QUESTIONS
28. What kind of government did James Madison seek at the Philadelphia convention, and
what kinds of compromises were necessary to achieve his objectives?
29. How can one reconcile Gouverneur Morris's aristocratic beliefs with his willingness to
support the Revolution?
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30. Describe Hamilton's financial plans and the arguments advanced against them.
31. What was Thomas Jefferson's vision for the future of America?
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Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
unicameral/one-house
South Carolina
New Jersey
1781; western lands
taxes
Patrick Henry
James Madison
electoral college
three-fifths
nine
Federalists
Antifederalists
James Madison; suppress/prevent; dominant/too powerful
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton; James Madison
protective tarriff
yeomen farmers
Whiskey Rebellion
John Jay
X; Y; Z; Talleyrand
Naturalization Act; Alien Act; Sedition Act
Kentucky; Virginia
Aaron Burr; the House of Representatives
A
B, J
H
E
James Madison, whose Virginia Plan provided the basis for negotiation at the
Philadelphia convention, wanted a constitution that established a powerful national
government. He was forced to make some concessions on such issues as
representation, yet the Constitution clearly established a national government with
enormous power and with the Constitution as “the supreme law of the land.” The new
government could regulate commerce, levy taxes, and provide for the defense of the
new nation. The Constitution also deprived the states of the power to issue money
and to pass legislation that would annul the obligation to fulfill a contract. The issue of
slavery required major concessions to slaveholding states to produce a compact to
which all states would be willing to adhere.
29. As an aristocrat, Morris believed that a privileged, wealthy, and informed elite should
set social standards, run the economy, and rule. For him, the Revolution was not a
matter of letting the people rule themselves but a process of American aristocratic
elites taking over from the British to govern the United States. However, Morris
acknowledged that each person possessed certain freedom of actions and beliefs.
Jefferson enumerated these Enlightenment principles in the Declaration as being the
right to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. The state could not usurp such rights. In
sum, this set of beliefs constituted a remarkable revolution in political thought. In time,
these ideas would profoundly reshape American political life. But the revolutions of the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Scientific, Enlightenment, American, and French),
although carrying the seeds of social equality, did not--by Morris's time--have much of a
leveling effect on the social order. Very traditional notions of property ownership
prevailed. The prerogative to actually exercise political power was only be entrusted to
those who held substantial property. Owners of property were seen as being
committed to the welfare of the republic and thus best able to lead it.
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30. Hamilton's financial plans were embodied in his “Report on the Public Credit.” In this
controversial report, he called for the federal government to redeem the securities
issued by the Confederation at face value, to assume the states' debts, and to establish
a national bank. All these proposals were hotly contested. Many speculators had
bought securities issued by the Confederation and by the states at prices far below
their stated value when inflation forced the original purchasers into financial difficulty.
Citizens committed to republican ideology saw the redemption of these bonds at face
value as a form of corruption. They also argued that a portion of the money paid to
redeem the bonds should be paid to the original purchasers. Representatives from
states that had levied high taxes to pay their war debts objected to the federal
assumption of states' debts, wishing to avoid being taxed again to pay the debts of
other states. As for a national bank, Jefferson, Madison, and their followers saw it as an
unconstitutional attempt to broaden the powers of the national government.
31. Jefferson envisioned a democratic and egalitarian America. He deplored the prospect
of the large industrial with their thousands of workers toiling in miserable conditions in
order to produce wealth for a favored few. Jefferson envisioned an agrarian society
that would export grain and meat in exchange for European-manufactured goods.
Jefferson's expectation rested on westward expansion, which he hoped would make it
possible for farmers to avoid tenancy and dependence on wages and give them enough
land to live as independent producers.
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