Name _____________KEY_________________ Date __________ Per _____ Doc ______
Matter Study Guide
Equipment, Density, Metrics, States of matter, physical properties & solubility
Lab Tools & Equipment:
Which tool would you use to do each of the following?
Find the mass of an object__triple beam balance______
Find the volume of a liquid most accurately_______graduated cylinder______
Be able to use a graduated cylinder, metric ruler & triple beam balance. Be able to identify
the names and uses of each piece of lab equipment.
Density:
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Write the equation to find the density of an object 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
If the mass of a substance is 10g and its volume is 5 ml what is its density?
(10 g)/(5 ml) = 2 g/ml
If an object is denser than water it would sink in water.
If an object is less dense than water it would float in water. (sink or float)
The unit for density is g/ml or g/cm3
If you have 2 samples of the same substance, but they are different sizes are their densities
different or the same? same
True or False:
True changing temperature changes its density. Hot=less dense & Cold=more dense
False moving an object changes its density
False cutting an object changes its density
Metric System:
The metric system is expressed in (circle one)
decimals
or
Which METRIC BASE UNIT would you use when doing each of the following:
Finding the mass of a penny gram
Finding the volume of gasoline that can fill a gas tank liter
Finding the length of a wall in a room meter
fractions
Using the Celsius scale, at what temperature does water boil? 100 ⁰C Freeze? 0 ⁰C
States of Matter:
What 2 conditions must something fulfill in order to be called matter?
Take up space (volume) & have mass
Give 2 examples of things that are not matter: light and sound
In order for something to change phases, you must add or remove thermal energy
What direction does thermal energy flow? (circle one)
Hot to cold
or
cold to hot
List the states of matter in order from most energy to least energy:
Plasma – gas – liquid - solid
To go from liquid to gas, thermal energy (heat) must be added to overcome the bonds.
(added or removed)
.
Complete the table about phase changes when thermal energy is added:
Phase change
From
To
Melting
Solid
Liquid
sublimation
Solid
gas
Evaporation
liquid
gas
Ionization
gas
plasma
Complete the table about phase changes when thermal energy is removed
Phase change
deionization
condensation
deposition
Solidification / freezing
From
Plasma
Gas
Gas
liquid
To
gas
liquid
solid
solid
What is the temperature at which there is NO thermal energy called? Absolute zero
Absolute zero is zero (circle one)
Kelvin
or
Celsius
or
Fahrenheit
When something is _heated / cooled_ its molecules move faster and further apart. (circle one)
This is why hotter objects become more / less dense. (circle one)
gas
Does it have a definite shape?
no
Does it have a definite volume
no
solid
yes
yes
liquid
no
yes
The plasma state of matter has particles that have gained or lost electrons (ions). The particles
in this state have a charge.
Be able to give examples of each of the states of matter and describe their unique
characteristics.
Physical Properties:
1. Physical properties: describes traits/characteristics of matter that are observed without
changing the matter (ex: color, density, texture).
2. Physical Change: when matter changes appearance but remain the same chemically
ex. Cutting paper, melting metal, freezing water, bending plastic
3. List 5 physical properties of a substance. State of matter, color, taste, odor, density,
temperature at which changes of state occur, texture, pressure, volume, mass, solubility, pH,
response to light, magnetism
Solubility:
1. When one substance dissolves in another it represents a physical / chemical change. The
substance that is dissolved is called the solute / solvent. The substance that does the
dissolving is called the solute / solvent.
2. Sugar will dissolve faster in hot / iced coffee. Explain. See document # 16, solids dissolve
faster when temperature increases.
3. Soda that is cold / warm holds more gas. Explain. See document #16, gas is more soluble as
temperature decreases.
4. Explain what was demonstrated in the Desalination Demonstration. See document #23,
components of a solution can be separated using heat energy to create phase changes; a salt
water mixture was separated into salt and water; saltwater can be separated showing that
when it dissolves, it is a physical change.
Review your notes, homework, classwork and labs. Make sure that you understand the
concepts and not just the terms. Be able to explain what we did and why.