Test 2­ Concept Review Surface Heating: 1.) What phenomenon is shown in the image to the left? 2.) Why are temperatures highest in the downtown area? Pressure systems: 3.) Label the high pressure system with an “H” and the low pressure system with an “L”. 4.) Use arrows to indicate which direction the air would be flowing around each system. 5.) What would weather be like near the low pressure systems? Why? In Test 1, students added a small amount of water and air to the bottle using a Fizz pump. The temperature changed from 24o C to 28o C. The sides of changed from being flexible to rigid. Students released the added air. The temperature dropped to 25o C and the sides of the bottle were again flexible. Small drops of condensation appeared on the inside surface of the top of the bottle after the air was released. No cloud was observed. In Test 2, repeated the steps of Test 2, but with dust particles from the smoke of a lit match. The same temperature and pressure changes occurred. This time, after the added air was released, a small fog­like cloud appeared near the top and center of the bottle. Unlike the condensate in Test 1, the water was hanging in the air as mist. 7.) Why did the students notice cloud formation in the second test but not in the first test? What does this tell you about what is necessary for cloud formation? Fronts: 8.) Label each of the fronts below as either warm, cold, stationary, or occluded. 9.) Why does warm air rise above the cold air mass? Air Masses: 10.) Label each of the air masses. 11.) maritime air masses are ________. 12.) continental air masses are _______. 13.) tropical air masses are ________. 14.) polar air masses are ________. Humidity: 15.) What is relative humidity? 16.) Can cold air hold more water vapor than warm air? Why? 17.) If the amount of water vapor in air doesn’t change, why does relative humidity decrease as temperature increases? Climate: 18.) What is the difference between weather and climate? 19.) Why is cloud cover typical along the equator? 20.) Why do prevailing winds move at an angle and not straight up or down? NOTE: Temperature and precipitation scales are the same for all graphs. 21.) Why doesn’t temperature fluctuate in Kingston, Jamaica? 22.) Climograph A is representative of a location in which hemisphere? How do you know? 23.) Climograph C most likely represents a location in which hemisphere? How do you know? Climate Factors: 24.) Which city will have similar weather year round? Why? 25.) Why might city E have lower precipitation than city F? 26.) Which city, A or B, will have more precipitation during the year? Why? 27.) If City C is located at the top of the mountains, why might it’s temperatures be lower than the other cities? Solar insolation: 28.) What is solar insolation? 29.) Sketch a line on the graph that is representative of each of the following locations: ­
equator ­
north & south pole ­
northern and southern mid­latitude 30.) What is the relationship between temperature and solar insolation?