Steam Turbine Chillers are a Great Choice
for CHP Summer Thermal Load
1
Brian Smith
Johnson Controls, Inc.
Company Confidential
The Two Challengers
Absorption Chillers
Packaged Steam Turbine
Driven Centrifugal
Chillers
2
Company Confidential
The Match
• Round 1- First Cost
• Round 2- Efficiency
• Round 3- Installation
• Round 4- Footprint & Weight
• Round 5- Flexibility
• Round 6- Serviceability
3
Company Confidential
Round 1 – Cost
In what Hollywood movie did this famous
boxer have a cameo appearance?
4
Company Confidential
Round 1 – Cost
In what Hollywood movie did this famous
boxer have a cameo appearance?
ANSWER: Hangover Part 2
5
Company Confidential
Round 1 - First Cost
First Cost
Absorption
Packaged Steam Turbine Driven
Centrifugal
Absorption has an edge over steam turbines at 1500-tons
6
Company Confidential
Round 1 - First Cost
First Cost
Absorption
Packaged Steam Turbine Driven
Centrifugal
Steam turbine chillers have the advantage in larger sizes
7
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
8
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
-
Steam
Turbine
-
Round 2- Efficiency
6.7 lb. / ton-hr.
5.9 lb. / ton-hr.
Absorption
Packaged Steam Turbine Driven
Centrifugal
1500 TR Chiller
Steam Turbine uses 14 % less energy
9
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
10
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
0
Steam
Turbine
1
Round 3 - Installation
1500 TR
Packaged Steam
Driven Turbine
Centrifugal Chiller
Absorption Chiller
2800 TR
Ships in 2 pieces
and bolts together on site
Ships in multiple
pieces
Multiple units in
multiple pieces
And requires field welding assembly
11
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
12
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
0
0
Steam
Turbine
1
1
Round 4- Footprint and Weight
30 ft
10ft
PackagedAbsorption
1,500 TR
Steam Turbine(3,500
kW)
12 ft
1,500 TR
(3,500 kW)
19ft
Steam turbine chiller is half (53%) of the absorption chiller
13
Company Confidential
Round 4- Footprint and Weight
Steam
Turbine
Installed Weight
84,000 lb
(38,180 kg)
Installed Weight:
115,000 lb Absorption
(52100 kg)
1,500 TR (3,500 kW)
Steam turbine chiller is 30,000 pounds lighter
15
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
16
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
0
0
0
Steam
Turbine
1
1
1
Round 5 - Flexibility
Chilled Water Down To:
Tower Water Down To:
Tower Water Up To:
17
Company Confidential
Steam
Turbine
Absorption
36 °F
38 °F
2 °C
3 °C
<55 °F
>68 °F
<13 °C
>20 °C
100 °F
100 °F
38 °C
38 °C
Round 5 - Flexibility
Steam Pressure Comparison – 1500 TR Chiller
60 to 300 psig
Packaged Steam Turbine Driven Centrifugal
60 to 150 psig
Absorption
0
30
60
90
120
150
psig
180
210
240
270
Steam Turbine Driven Centrifugal
Benefits from Superheat Steam
18
Company Confidential
300
Round 5 - Flexibility
Variable Primary Flow System Capability
Automatic Isolation Valve
Primary Pumps
Chiller 1
Chiller 2
Chiller 3
Typical load with 2 way valve
Bypass
Valve
Flow Meter
Steam Turbine- flexibility to handle rapidly fluctuating loads and operation
Absorption- Sensitive to rapid changes
Steam Turbine Can Save Considerable Energy with VPF
19
Company Confidential
Round 5 - Flexibility
20-30 minutes to start from a cold start
While, Steam Turbine can warm-up without
circulating warm chilled water first
However, Absorption requires flow through
20
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
21
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
0
0
0
0
Steam
Turbine
1
1
1
1
Round 6 – Serviceability
TRUE or FALSE
Sylvester Stallone was not only the
star of Rocky, but also the writer.
ANSWER: TRUE
22
Company Confidential
Round 6 – Serviceability
• Conventional Technology
• Leak Checking
• Corrosion Issues
23
Company Confidential
The Match
Absorption
•
•
•
•
•
•
24
Round 1- First Cost
Round 2- Efficiency
Round 3- Installation
Round 4- Footprint & Weight
Round 5- Flexibility
Round 6- Serviceability
Company Confidential
0
0
0
0
0
Steam
Turbine
1
1
1
1
1
Steam Turbine Scores a Technical Knock-Out
25
Company Confidential
University of Missouri at Columbia – Columbia, MO
26
Company Confidential
Louisiana State University – Baton Rouge, LA
27
Company Confidential
University of Connecticut – Storrs-Mansfield, CT
28
Company Confidential
Summary
“The fight is won or lost far away from
witnesses - behind the lines, in the
gym, and out there on the road, long
before I dance under those lights.”
- Muhammad Ali
29
Company Confidential