IV. Environmental Impact Analysis
M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
This section was prepared, in part, based on responses from the City of Los
Angeles. Written correspondence from public utility providers can be found in Appendix B
to this Draft EIR.
a. Introduction
This Section describes the utility supply and infrastructure that currently serve the
Project Site and surrounding area, assesses potential impacts associated with the
Proposed Project on this supply and infrastructure, and identifies the need for
improvements in order to serve the Proposed Project and related development, if needed.
Each utility issue is discussed in its own subsection: 1, Wastewater; 2, Water Supply;
3, Solid Waste; and 4, Energy Conservation.
b. Environmental Setting
(1) Existing Conditions
(a) Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works Bureau of Sanitation Division
(“BOS”) provides sewer conveyance infrastructure and wastewater treatment services to
the Project area. Over 6,500 miles of sewer lines convey wastewater to the City’s four
wastewater treatment plants, which include the Hyperion Treatment Plant (“HTP”), the
Terminal Island Treatment Plant, the Donald C. Tillman Water Reclamation Plant, and the
Los Angeles-Glendale Water Reclamation Plant.
The HTP, located west of the Los Angeles International Airport in Playa del Rey,
provides treatment capacity for wastewater flows generated throughout much of the City of
Los Angeles, including the Project area. The HTP has a design capacity of 450 million
gallons per day (“MGD”) and currently treats an average of approximately 362 MGD to
primary and all secondary treatment standards, using three levels of filtration treatment
City of Los Angeles
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before discharging the treated wastewater 5 miles offshore.1 The remaining capacity at the
HTP is therefore approximately 88 MGD or approximately 20 percent of its total capacity.
The Hyperion Service Area encompasses approximately 515 square miles, of the
greater Los Angeles area and serves over four million people. It also serves non-City
agencies that contract with the City of Los Angeles for wastewater treatment service.2
(b) Wastewater Conveyance Facilities
There are two existing 8-inch lines under Marlton Avenue and Martin Luther King Jr.
Boulevard and a 10-inch line and 12-inch line under Crenshaw Boulevard in the North
Area of the Project Site. The two existing 8-inch lines connect to an 8-inch line under
Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and then connect to the 48-inch line from the South Area
Sewer system. The existing 10-inch and 12-inch lines connect into a 15-inch line under
Crenshaw Boulevard, before discharging into a 75-inch line under West Rodeo Road.
Existing operational information for these sewer lines is presented in Table IV.M.1-1 on
page IV.M.1-3.
There are existing 10-inch lines under Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and
Crenshaw Boulevard, and an existing 12-inch line under Marlton Avenue in the South Area
of the Project Site. The sewage from the existing 10-inch line under Martin Luther King Jr.
Boulevard connects with the existing 12-inch line under Marlton Avenue. The existing
10-inch line under Crenshaw Boulevard feeds into a 48-inch line under Martin Luther King
Jr. Boulevard. All flows then discharge into a 63-inch sewer line under Martin Luther King
Jr. Boulevard. Existing gauging for these sewer lines is summarized in Table IV.M.1-1.
(c) Existing On-Site Wastewater Generation
The Project Site is currently developed with 1,016,741 square feet of retail,
restaurant, office and entertainment uses. According to Table IV.M.1-2 on page IV.M.1-4,
the existing buildings on the Project Site currently generate approximately 97,410 gallons
per day (gpd) of wastewater.
1
City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works Bureau of Sanitation Division, Wastewater Website,
Facts and Figures, www.san.lacity.org/wastewater/factsfigures.htm, accessed February 12, 2014.
2
City of Los Angeles, Integrated Resource Plan Summary Report, December 2006, www.lacitysan.org/
irp/documents/Summary_Report-Brief_Description_of_Key_Facilities_Planning.pdf, p. 2-2, accessed
February 12, 2014.
City of Los Angeles
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Table IV.M.1-1
Sewer Gauging Information
Pipe diameter
(inches)
Location
Current Gauging
d/D (%)
Design
Capacitya
Remaining
Capacity
229,000 gpd
187,780 gpd
North Area
8”
8”
Marlton Ave.
18%
Martin Luther King Jr.
N/A
205,000 gpd
205,000 gpd
10”
Crenshaw Blvd.
N/A
294,000 gpd
N/A
12”
Crenshaw Blvd.
N/A
427,000 gpd
N/A
15”
Crenshaw Blvd.
N/A
671,000 gpd
N/A
48”
Martin Luther King Jr.
63%
23,600,000 gpd
8,732,000 gpd
75”
West Rodeo
30%
67,950,000 gpd
47,565,000 gpd
South Area
10”
Crenshaw Blvd.
88%
371,000 gpd
44,520 gpd
10”
Martin Luther King Jr.
N/A
371,000 gpd
N/A
12”
Marlton Ave.
53%
604,000 gpd
283,880 gpd
48”
Martin Luther King Jr.
63%
23,600,000 gpd
8,732,000 gpd
63”
Martin Luther King Jr.
55%
38,790,000 gpd
21,334,500 gpd
d/D = depth to flow/Diameter
gpd = gallons per day
— = Current flow cannot be determined at this time
a
Design capacity is considered 50 percent of the maximum capacity that the pipe could
accommodate. For example, the 8” pipe under Marlton Ave. has a design capacity of 229,000 gpd
and, based on gauging, approximately 18 percent of that capacity is currently being utilized.
Source: Written correspondence with Brent Lorscheider, Acting Division Manager, Wastewater
Engineering Services Division, Bureau of Sanitation, February 5, 2009.
(2) Regulatory Framework
(a) Federal, State, and Regional Regulations
In addition to the local regulations discussed below, the HTP is regulated by various
federal, State, and regional entities. The Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control
Board (“LARWQCB”) enforces Section 122.41(m) of Part 40 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (“CFR”), which prohibits the bypassing of water treatment facilities and
sanitary sewer overflows. In addition to CFR, the sewer conveyance system is subject to
regulation by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (“SCAQMD”), which
responds to claims regarding odors. The HTP is also subject to the State Ocean Plan, the
Clean Water Enforcement and Pollution Prevention Act of 1999 (SB 709), and a National
City of Los Angeles
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Table IV.M.1-2
Estimated Wastewater Generation—Existing Conditions
Land Use
Size
Generation Ratea
Total (gpd)
North Area
Retail
59,873 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
Office
4,623 sf
150 gpd/1,000 sf
North Area Subtotal
4,790
693
5,483
South Area
Mall Building
Retail
Restaurant
803,817 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
64,305
29,260 sf
300 gpd/1,000 sf
8,778
Entertainment (Theater)
75,000 sf
(2,823 seats)
4 gpd/seat
11,292
Outbuildings (Retail)
25,903 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
2,072
Outbuildings (Restaurant)
18,265 sf
300 gpd/1,000 sf
5,480
South Area Subtotal
91,927
Existing Total
97,410
sf = square feet
L.A. City CEQA Thresholds Guide, 2006, Exhibit M.2-12.
Source: Matrix Environmental, February 2014.
a
Pollution Discharge Elimination System (“NPDES) Permit (Permit # CA0109991). The HTP
meets all existing requirements under these regulations.
(b) City Wastewater Facilities Plan
The City’s sewer system is subject to Section 201 of the Federal Clean Water Act.
According to the Clean Water Act, the City must adopt a facilities plan in accordance with
the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) Rules and Regulations,
40 CFR, Section 35.917. Section 201 specifies the following:
“Facilities planning will demonstrate the need for facilities and, by a
systematic evaluation of feasible alternatives, will also demonstrate that the
proposed measures represent the most cost-effective means of meeting
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
established effluent and water quality goals while recognizing environmental
and social considerations.”3
The City prepared a Wastewater Facilities Plan (“WFP”) in 1982 and updated it in
1991. The 1991 WFP update planned for facilities through the year 2010 and currently
regulates wastewater facilities in the City. The WFP is focused primarily on developing
cost effective construction improvements and analyzes wastewater, water recycling, and
storm-water services in the City.4 This plan was last published in 1991.
(c) City of Los Angeles Integrated Resources Plan
As a follow-up to these plans and programs, the City adopted the Integrated
Resources Plan (“IRP”) in 2006 that incorporates a new City-prepared WFP for facilities
through 2020, as the City was faced with the task to meet future wastewater needs of more
than 4.9 million residents expected to live within the City by 2020. The IRP serves to
update the information prepared in the 1991 WFP, while also considering the City’s
recycled water and urban runoff system needs. Specifically, the IRP was developed to
accommodate the projected increase in wastewater flow while maximizing the beneficial
reuse of recycled water and urban runoff and as a result, optimizing the use of the City’s
existing facilities and water resources. Demographic (population and employment)
projections and data sources used in the IRP were based on the Southern California
Association of Governments (“SCAG”) 2001 Regional Transportation Plan, which estimates
that the population of Los Angeles would reach almost 4.9 million people in 2020.
In order to meet the needs of increased wastewater generation, the City chose to
expand its current overall treatment capacity, while maximizing the potential to reuse
recycled water through groundwater replenishment in future years. According to the IRP,
the only water reclamation plant capable of providing recycled water for replenishment is
the Donald Tillman Water Reclamation Plant (“TWRP”) in the Sepulveda Basin in Van
Nuys. As identified in the IRP, the HTP can currently serve roughly 450 MGD of
wastewater per day, while the TWRP can accommodate approximately 80 MGD. With an
expected 18.7 percent population growth to occur in the City, the TWRP may be increased
in size to convey approximately 100 MGD of wastewater by 2020.
3
City of Los Angeles Integrated Resources Plan Facilities Plan, Volume 1, July 2004, Revised November
2005, page 3-1, www.san.lacity.org/irp/documents/v1-1of3-wastewater-management.pdf, accessed
February 13, 2014.
4
City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, Bureau of Sanitation, Integrated Resources Program,
www.san.lacity.org/irp/About_IRP.htm, accessed February 13, 2014.
City of Los Angeles
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
These improvements, along with new sewer pipelines, will ensure that untreated
wastewater is not discharged to rivers or the ocean, thereby protecting the environment.
As stated previously, the IRP also proposes to maximize recycled water reuse through
groundwater replenishment, as this is considered a valuable potential benefit, since it
would allow the City to reduce the need to import water from other regions. However, the
IRP states that if the City does not implement groundwater replenishment by the time
additional treatment capacity is needed, the expansion of wastewater treatment capacity
would occur at the HTP rather than at the TWRP. This will result in additional wastewater
capacity levels at the HTP and improved sewer facilities and pipelines.
In November 2006, the City Council certified the Final EIR for the IRP. The City of
Burbank filed suit against the City challenging the conclusions in the Final EIR involving
construction of a new 5.75-mile underground sewer conveyance, the Glendale-Burbank
Interceptor Sewer (“GBIS”) that would be constructed to divert future flows from and allow
rehabilitation of an existing aging sewer line. The Superior Court ruled in favor of the City
of Burbank and found the IRP EIR lacking in five areas relating to the GBIS that need to be
clarified or corrected. In response to this ruling, the City Council: (1) decertified the Final
EIR; (2) suspended the GBIS portion of the IRP pending adequate environmental review
consistent with the Court’s final decision; (3) recertified the Final EIR (excluding references
to the GBIS portion of the IRP); and (4) instructed the Bureau of Sanitation staff to conduct
the necessary environmental review of the GBIS portion of the IRP and correct deficiencies
in the EIR that have been identified in the Court’s decision, prior to any re-approval of the
GBIS portion of the IRP.
In general, implementation of the IRP will enable the City to adequately convey
wastewater to the treatment plants with minimal potential for sewage spills, which will result
in the protection of public health and safety. It will also enable the City to treat future
wastewater flows that protects public health and safety and meets regulatory requirements,
thereby protecting the environment, in general, and surface waters, in particular.5
(d) Collection System Settlement Agreement
The City also regulates the sewer conveyance system through the Collection
System Settlement Agreement (“CSSA”) and the 10-year City sewers program which
define maintenance and construction schedules and are currently managing approximately
5
City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, Findings and Statement of Overriding Considerations for
the Integrated Resources Plan, September 2006, p. 33, www.san.lacity.org/irp/documents/Findings_and_
Statement_of_Overriding_Considerations.pdf, accessed February 13, 2014.
City of Los Angeles
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
100 sewer infrastructure improvement projects.6 The CSSA is a settlement agreement that
was reached in 2004 to resolve a lawsuit brought against the City by the Santa Monica
Baykeeper and other community organizations after a number of sanitary sewer overflows
occurred in the City in February of 1998. The CSSA requires the City to enhance, repair,
and update the City’s sewer system and sets specific timelines for the City to complete the
upgrades. In addition, the agreement also mandates that the City spend $8.5 million in
supplemental environmental enhancement projects.7 The City must prepare annual
progress reports detailing its success at meeting the terms and goals of the agreement.
The eighth annual progress report, the Fiscal Year 2011–2012 progress report published in
August 2012, indicates that the City is in full compliance with CSSA and in many cases has
gone beyond the requirements. The 10-year City sewers program was put into place in
order to carry out the mandates of CSSA, which has a compliance period of 10 years, but
with a possibility for early termination.
(e) City Permits
Section 62.105 of the City of Los Angeles Municipal Code requires permits to be
obtained for construction in any property, street, or other right-of-way owned by, to be
owned by, or under control of the City (e.g., sewers, sidewalks, curbs, gutters, pavement,
grading, storm drains, etc.). A type “B” Permit is required for extensive public works
improvements, such as the installation of sewer, storm drains, street lighting, and traffic
signals. A Type “S” (Sewer) Permit is required to connect a property’s sewer line to the
City’s sewer system or to repair an existing connection.
c. Environmental Impacts
(1) Methodology
The environmental impacts of the Proposed Project with respect to wastewater are
determined based on the proposed increase in wastewater generation and the capacity of
existing and proposed wastewater infrastructure. The existing sewer capacity and
wastewater generation is compared to the Proposed Project’s wastewater generation and
future sewer capacity, including improvements associated with the Proposed Project.
Wastewater generation is estimated based on generation rates provided in the L.A. City
CEQA Thresholds Guide.
6
City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, LA Sewers, City Sewers, Current Construction,
www.lacitysan.org/sewers/current_projects/index.htm, accessed February 13, 2014.
7
City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, LA Sewers, Collection System Settlement Agreement,
Annual Report Fiscal Year 2011–2012, www.lasewers.org/cssa/PDFs/CSSA_Annual_Report_FY11_
12.pdf, accessed February 13, 2014.
City of Los Angeles
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
In accordance with guidance provided in the Environmental Checklist Form
contained in Appendix G to the State CEQA Guidelines, in determining whether to prepare
an EIR for a Proposed Project lead agencies are encouraged to address the questions
from the Checklist that are relevant to the project’s environmental effects. With respect to
wastewater impacts, the following Checklist Questions are addressed under the Project
Impacts subheading below. Would the Project:
•
Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water
Quality Control Board;
•
Require or result in the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities or
expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant
environmental effects; or
•
Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or
may serve the project, that it doesn’t have adequate capacity to serve the
project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments.
(2) Thresholds of Significance
As set forth in the L.A. City CEQA Thresholds Guide (2006), a project would
normally have a significant wastewater impact if:
•
The project would cause a measurable increase in wastewater flows at a point
where, and a time when, a sewer’s capacity is already constrained or that would
cause a sewer’s capacity to become constrained; or
•
The project’s additional wastewater flows would substantially or incrementally
exceed the future scheduled capacity of any one treatment plant by generating
flows greater than those anticipated in the Wastewater Facilities Plan or General
Plan or its elements.
(3) Regulatory Compliance Measures and Project Design
Features
(a) Regulatory Compliance Measures
The Project would comply with all applicable regulatory standards. Implementation
of the following Regulatory Compliance Measures, as currently required and/or as may be
amended in the future, are intended to reduce impacts related to wastewater:
City of Los Angeles
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Regulatory Compliance Measure M.1-1: The Project shall be subject to the
approval of a sewer permit and payment of a Sewerage Facilities
Charge pursuant to Los Angeles Municipal Code Sections 64.11 and
64.12.
(b) Project Design Features
No project design features beyond compliance with the regulatory measures
described above are proposed.
(4) Project Impacts
(a) Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The Proposed Project would not involve the discharge of any chemicals or pollutants
into the sewer treatment system beyond those commonly associated with residential and
commercial land uses including retail, restaurant, hotel, and office uses. No point source
pollution sources, such as industrial or manufacturing facilities are proposed as part of the
Proposed Project. All of the wastewater generated by the Proposed Project would be
discharged into the sanitary sewer and conveyed to the Hyperion Treatment Plant, where
the effluent would be treated to acceptable water quality standards prior to being
discharged into the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, the RWQCB treatment standards would be
maintained and the Proposed Project would have a less than significant impact upon the
treatment requirements of the RWQCB.
The estimated wastewater generation for the Proposed Project is identified in
Table IV.M.1-3 on page IV.M.1-10. As shown in Table IV.M.1-3, the Proposed Project is
estimated to generate a net increase of 271,135 gpd of wastewater, without taking into
account wastewater reductions due to water conservation measures. As a result actual
wastewater generation would be anticipated to be less than that shown in this analysis.
The HTP has a remaining capacity of 88 mgd. Thus, the Project’s additional wastewater
flows would not substantially or incrementally exceed the future scheduled capacity of any
treatment plant by generating flows greater than those anticipated in the IRP. As such, the
Proposed Project’s impact upon the HTP would be less than significant.
(b) Wastewater Conveyance Facilities
The Proposed Project would not cause a measurable increase in wastewater flows
at a point where, and a time when, a sewer’s capacity is already constrained or that would
cause a sewer’s capacity to become constrained. The City of Los Angeles Bureau of
Sanitation has provided recommendations for the Proposed Project to connect to sewer
lines serving the North and South Areas, respectively. Within the North Area, the Bureau
City of Los Angeles
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
Table IV.M.1-3
Estimated Wastewater Generation
Land Use
Generation Ratea
Size
Total (gpd)
Mall Building
Retail
803,817 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
64,305
Restaurant
29,260 sf
300 gpd/1,000 sf
8,778
Entertainment (Theater)
75,000 sf
(2,823 seats)
4 gpd/seat
11,292
Retail
Restaurant
Office
339,539 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
27,163
96,340 sf
300 gpd/1,000 sf
28,902
148,000 sf
150 gpd/1,000 sf
22,200
130 gpd/room
52,000
Hotel
Hotel Rooms
400 rooms
Meeting Rooms
5,000 sf
800 gpd/1,000 sf
4,000
Restaurant
1,000 sf
300 gpd/1,000 sf
300
Retail
1,000 sf
80 gpd/1,000 sf
80
Residential
1-Bedroom
267 du
120 gpd/du
32,040
2-Bedroom
572 du
160 gpd/du
91,520
3-Bedroom
122 du
200 gpd/du
24,400
Proposed Project Subtotal
366,980
Less Existing Flows
95,845
Proposed Project Net Total
271,135
du = dwelling unit
sf = square feet
a
L.A. City CEQA Thresholds Guide, 2006, Exhibit M.2-12.
Source: Matrix Environmental, February 2014.
of Sanitation has advised that the proposed sewer flows shall be split among the existing
sewer lines located on Marlton Avenue, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, and Crenshaw
Boulevard. Within the South Area, while the 10-inch line beneath Crenshaw Boulevard
has a remaining capacity of 12 percent (44,520 gpd), the Bureau of Sanitation has advised
that this line is currently flowing at full capacity between Martin Luther King Jr. and Stocker
Street and no new connection shall be made on that sewer line. Accordingly, the South
Area sewer flows would need to be split among existing sewer lines located on Marlton
Avenue and Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard.
As shown in Table IV.M.1-1 on page IV.M.1-3, the combined available capacity
remaining within the 8-inch lines under Marlton Avenue and Martin Luther King Jr.
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Boulevard is approximately 392,780 gpd. Since gauging data is not currently available for
the Crenshaw lines, it is not possible to determine if additional capacity is available to serve
the North Area. Nevertheless, based on the net increased flows of 271,135 gpd within the
entire Project Site (which would be split among the existing North and South Area
infrastructure), and the remaining capacity of 392,780 gpd within the two sewer lines for
which data is available, it can be concluded that the Proposed Project’s wastewater flows
can be adequately accommodated by the existing infrastructure serving the North Area.
Therefore, impacts upon local wastewater infrastructure would be less than significant for
the North Area.
As shown in Table IV.M.1-1 on page IV.M.1-3, the 12-inch sewer line under Marlton
Avenue has a remaining flow capacity of 283,880 gpd. No gauging information is available
at this time to determine the available capacity of the 10-inch line under Martin Luther
King Jr. Boulevard. Nevertheless, based on the anticipated net increase of 271,135 gpd for
the entire Project Site (see Table IV.M.1-3 on page IV.M.1-10), there is currently adequate
capacity remaining in the Marlton Avenue sewer line to accommodate the increased flows
generated by the Proposed Project. Thus no infrastructure upgrades would be needed to
connect to the local wastewater infrastructure adjacent to the Project Site.
d. Cumulative Impacts
As discussed above, the Proposed Project would result in a net increase of
271,135 gpd of wastewater generated at the Project Site, as compared to existing
conditions. Table IV.M.1-4 on page IV.M.1-12 shows the cumulative generation of
wastewater for the related projects and the Proposed Project. Together, the Proposed
Project and the related projects would generate 1,967,830 gpd of wastewater.
Other expected growth within the area served by the HTP that is not included in this
Draft EIR’s related projects list will also result in cumulative increases in wastewater
generation.
As discussed above, the future wastewater demand throughout the
HTP service area is addressed in the IRP, which was developed to accommodate the
projected increase in wastewater flow over the next 20 years while maximizing the
beneficial reuse of recycled water and urban runoff, and as a result, optimizing the
use of the City’s existing facilities and water resources. The IRP’s projections and
recommendations are based on SCAG’s population projections for 2020, which include
future population growth projections throughout the HTP service area. The IRP concluded
that the City would be able to serve future cumulative demand for wastewater treatment
service through planned expansions to its current overall treatment capacity. In addition,
the IRP provides for the development of additional wastewater treatment if triggered by an
increase in population (beyond what is projected), regulations, and/or groundwater
City of Los Angeles
SCH. No. 2008101017
Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Master Plan Project
December 2014
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IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
Table IV.M.1-4
Related Projects Wastewater Generation
No.
Land Use
1.
Middle School
2.
Retail
13,969 sf
Office
Bank
3.
Condominiums
Generation Ratea
Size
1,404 students
8 gal/student/day
Total
(gallons/day)
11,232
0.08 gal/sf/day
1,117
25,015 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
3,752
6,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
900
34 du
200 gal/du/day
6,800
Retail
4,653
0.08 gal/sf/day
372
4.
Retail
330,000
0.08 gal/sf/day
26,400
5.
Hotel
130 gal/room/day
4,810
0.3 gal/sf/day
2,400
Restaurant
Condominiums
Medical Office
6.
Condominiums
Office
Community College
37 rooms
8,000 sf
69 rooms
(18,157 sf)
200 gal/du/day
0.25 gal/sf/day
200 du
200 gal/du/day
50,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
3,600 students
13,800
(4,539)
40,000
7,500
8 gal/student/day
28,800
Museum
(14,692 sf)
0.15 gal/sf/day
(2,204)
Church
(42,486 sf)
0.15 gal/sf/day
(6,373)
Office
(8,600 sf)
0.15 gal/sf/day
(1,290)
Restaurant
(7,840 sf)
0.3 gal/sf/day
(2,352)
(10,062 sf)
0.08 gal/sf/day
Retail
(805)
7.
Senior Housing
180 du
200 gal/du/day
36,000
8.
Condominiums
172 du
200 gal/du/day
34,400
Retail Commercial
9.
0.08 gal/sf/day
760
Apartment
82 du
200 gal/du/day
16,400
Condominiums
81 du
200 gal/du/day
16,200
Office
52,125 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
7,819
Retail
17,130 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
1,370
Restaurant
17,130 sf
0.3 gal/sf/day
5,139
(20,786 sf)
0.15 gal/sf/day
(3,118)
(1,050 sf)
0.08 gal/sf/day
(84)
Office
Gas Station
10.
9,500 sf
Office
240,612 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
36,092
Retail
4,242 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
339
11.
Office
100,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
15,000
12.
Office
101,551 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
15,233
Retail
31,110 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
2,489
Restaurant
18,076
0.3 gal/sf/day
5,423
Theater
City of Los Angeles
SCH. No. 2008101017
3,100 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
465
Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Master Plan Project
December 2014
Page IV.M.1-12
WORKING DRAFT – Not for Public Review
IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
Table IV.M.1-4 (Continued)
Related Projects Wastewater Generation
No.
Land Use
13.
Apartment
14.
School
15.
Generation Ratea
Size
33 du
200 gal/du/day
Total
(gallons/day)
6,600
9,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
1,350
Community College
210,729 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
31,609
16.
Mixed Use
112,500 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
9,000
17.
Industrial
50 emp
8 gal/empl./day
400
18.
Single Family Housing
39 du
19.
Retail
39,800 sf
Restaurant
10,000 sf
20.
Apartment
21.
22.
200 gal/du/day
0.08 gal/sf/day
0.3 gal/sf/day
7,800
3,184
3,000
187 du
200 gal/du/day
37,400
Condominiums
72 du
200 gal/du/day
14,400
Condominiums
638 du
200 gal/du/day
127,600
Retail
206,608 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
16,529
Office
154,361 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
23,154
Light Industrial
485,996 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
38,880
23.
Elementary School
875 students
8 gal/student/day
24.
High School
400 students
25.
Condominiums
66 du
200 gal/du/day
13,200
26.
Condominiums
219 du
200 gal/du/day
43,800
Apartments
200 du
200 gal/du/day
40,000
Live/Work Condominiums
128 du
200 gal/du/day
25,600
8 gal/student/day
7,000
3,200
Retail
82,500 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
6,600
Restaurant
18,800 sf
0.3 gal/sf/day
5,640
5,500 sf
0.3 gal/sf/day
1,650
27.
High Turnover Restaurant
Supermarket
14,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
1,120
28.
Office
68,250 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
10,237
29.
Retail
10,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
800
Office
22,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
3,300
30.
Office
75,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
11,250
31.
Condominiums
80 du
200 gal/du/day
16,000
Retail
50,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
4,000
32.
Retail
60,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
4,800
33.
Light Industrial
225,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
18,000
34.
University
2,500,000 sf
0.15 gal/sf/day
375,000
242,000 sf
0.08 gal/sf/day
19,360
45,000 sf
0.3 gal/sf/day
13,500
Retail
Restaurant
Theater
City of Los Angeles
SCH. No. 2008101017
2,000 seats
4 gpd/seat
8,000
Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Master Plan Project
December 2014
Page IV.M.1-13
WORKING DRAFT – Not for Public Review
IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
Table IV.M.1-4 (Continued)
Related Projects Wastewater Generation
No.
Land Use
Fitness Center
Student Housing
Hotel
20,000 sf
200 gal/du/day
150 rooms
80,000 sf
35
Stadium
68,000 seats
36
Apartments
37
0.25 gal/sf./day
2,135,000 sf
School
Retail
Generation Ratea
Size
Total
(gallons/day)
5,000
355,833
130 gal/room/day
19,500
0.2 gal/sf/day
16,000
Existing (renovation)
52 du
200 gal/du/day
20,900 sf
0
10,400
0.08 gal/sf/day
1,672
High School
535 students
8 gal/student/day
4,280
Middle School
400 students
8 gal/student/day
3,200
38
Middle School
300 students
8 gal/student/day
2,400
39
Middle School
650 students
8 gal/student/day
5,200
Related Projects Subtotal
1,696,695
Proposed Project Subtotal
271,135
Total Cumulative Wastewater Generation
1,967,830
sf = square feet
emp = employees
du = dwelling unit
gal = gallons
Apartment and condominium generation rates conservatively assume a 3-bedroom rate.
All calculations rounded to the nearest whole number.
a
City of Los Angeles Bureau of Sanitation, Sewer Generation Rates Table, March 20, 2002.
b
These projects do not have an assigned generation rate, and in the case of parking lots, outdoor
areas, support facilities, and parks, the wastewater generation is considered minimal.
Source: Matrix Environmental, 2014.
replenishment needs. These “Go-If-Triggered” projects include the potential expansion and
upgrade of the TWRP to accommodate up to 100 MGD of wastewater.8 The environmental
impacts of these potential expansion activities have been addressed in the Draft and Final
EIRs prepared for the IRP, which are hereby incorporated by reference.9 The Draft and
8
City of Los Angeles, Integrated Resources Plan, Executive Summary, December 2006, page 15.
9
City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, Bureau of Sanitation and Department of Water and
Power, Integrated Resources Plan, Draft (November 2005) and Final (September 2006) Environmental
Impact Reports, certified November 14, 2006. www.san.lacity.org/irp/finaleir.htm, accessed February 13,
2014.
City of Los Angeles
SCH. No. 2008101017
Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Master Plan Project
December 2014
Page IV.M.1-14
WORKING DRAFT – Not for Public Review
IV.M.1 Utilities and Services—Wastewater
Final EIRs generally found that implementation of the IRP would result in less than
significant environmental impacts with the incorporation of identified mitigation measures.
It was recognized that implementation of the IRP would result in significant and
unavoidable impacts with respect to construction and operational air quality. The Draft and
Final EIRs also concluded that even with the incorporation of mitigation measures,
implementation of the IRP could result in potentially significant impacts with respect to
operational odors, archaeological and paleontological resources, human remains, geologic
hazards, erosion or settlement, recreational or park services, and parking.
Nevertheless, in spite of any potentially significant or significant environmental
impacts, as mentioned above, in general, implementation of the IRP would enable the City
to adequately convey wastewater to the treatment plants with minimal potential for sewage
spills which results in the protection of public health and safety. It would also enable the
City to treat future wastewater flows in a way that protects public health and safety and
meets regulatory requirements, thereby protecting the environment, in general, and surface
waters, in particular. Therefore, the cumulative impact of the related projects in
combination with the Proposed Project and other anticipated growth within the HTP service
area on wastewater facilities would be less than significant.
e. Mitigation Measures
Project-level and cumulative impacts with regard to wastewater would be less than
significant with implementation of the regulatory compliance measures and project design
features. Therefore, no mitigation measures are required.
f. Level of Significance After Mitigation
Impacts to wastewater under the Proposed Project would be less than significant.
Furthermore, implementation of Mitigation Measure M.1-1 would ensure that any potential
impacts of the Proposed Project on sewer systems and capacities would be reduced to a
less than significant level.
City of Los Angeles
SCH. No. 2008101017
Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Master Plan Project
December 2014
Page IV.M.1-15
WORKING DRAFT – Not for Public Review