Focus on Academic Vocabulary
STANDARD
The Olympics Games
are the standard of
excellence.
average
mean
norm
guideline
benchmark
standard
standard (n, adj)
standardized (adj)
standardization (n)
substandard (adj)
double standards
a low standard of living
establish minimum
standards
Word Family
standard (n, adj)
标准, 规范
standardized (adj)
标准化
standardization (n)
标准化
substandard (adj)
不合格
Synonyms
average 平均
mean 平均
norm 常态
guideline 指导方针
benchmark 基准
Collocates
double standards
a low standard of living
establish minimum
standards
The state of California establishes minimum
standards for learning.
加州制定最低学习标准。
To avoid double standards, every student has to
learn the same content and take the same tests.
为了避免双重标准，每个学生都要学相同的内容
与考相同的测试。
Low educational standards lead to a low standard of living.
低教育水平导致低生活水平。
Every state has established educational standards for the general student
1
population. These educational standards establish benchmarks for what students
have to learn. Teachers are required to teach the standard content. Even the tests
2
are standardized. By regulating educational standards, states hope to avoid
substandard student learning outcomes.
1. Which word in the paragraph is a synonym for standards?
2. What is the difference between standards (1) and standard (2)?
3. Why do states establish educational standards?