Educational Uses for the Oakland County in the Civil War Map
Besides being a beautiful piece of art and a history treasure the Oakland County in the Civil War
Map is also an excellent instructional tool. For young students it serves as an engaging special
purpose, or thematic, map with local connections. For older students it provides a remarkable
opportunity for teaching about the Civil War in a way no textbook can do. A set of curriculum
materials has been designed to accompany the map. These include:
1. A set of lessons correlated to both national and state literacy and history standards.
These lessons use primary sources from the map to engage students in historical
inquiry.
2. A set of ‘lesson launchers’ which are short primary-source activities designed to launch a
textbook lesson on the Civil War. These activities provide a local connection to the
people, places and events studied in a Civil War unit.
3. A set of resources including Regiment Rosters of Oakland County Soldiers, Service
Records and other information that can be used by teachers and students for research
purposes.
New lessons and resources will be added in the next two years to fit multiple grade levels and
instructional purposes.
Lesson 1: Introduction to the “Oakland County in the Civil War Map”
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Primary Sources from the Civil War era
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students are introduced to the Oakland County in the Civil War Map. The lesson begins with
an activity to assess students prior knowledge of Oakland County. As the primary activity of the lesson
students participate In a simple simulation in which they work in groups to design a plan for creating a map
showing connections between Oakland County and the Civil War. Finally, students analyze the map itself,
categorize the items on the map and compare the map to the one they designed.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
K1.7
Integrate concepts from at least two different social studies disciplines.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
7
Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information
in print and digital texts.
Lesson Sequence
1. As a way of assessing students’ prior knowledge of Oakland County have each student independently
complete the “What Do You Know About Oakland County?” sheet located in Supplemental Materials for
this lesson. Using the “Answer Sheet” located in the Supplemental Materials go over the correct
answers with students and have them place their scores at the top of the page. Take a quick tally of
student scores.
2. Lead a brief discussion about Oakland County using the following questions:
 What information did you already know about Oakland County?
 What information surprised you about Oakland County?
 Why do you think many people living in Oakland County know little about it?
3. Using the information found in Numbers 9 and 10 on the sheet used in Step 1 discuss how Oakland
County has had a long and rich history. Explain that although, like the rest of Michigan, the land in the
county was not directly involved in the Civil War, many people were involved. Therefore, Oakland
County has many connections to the Civil War.
4. Place students in small groups and give each group a copy of the “Map Planning Sheet” located in the
Supplemental Materials. Explain that groups are to work together to design a plan for creating a Map
showing Civil War Connections to Oakland County. Go over the four questions on the Planning Sheet
which groups must answer.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
5. Give groups time to complete their plan. Then, have each group present their plan to the large group.
After each presentation discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the plan presented. When all groups
have presented guide students in identifying similarities as well as differences among the plans.
6. Display the actual “Oakland County in the Civil War” map. Ask students to describe the overall structure
of the map. Then, ask them to identify specific kinds of information found on the map. Note that
information includes artifacts such as a regimental flag, photographs, diagrams, a diary entry,
illustrations of houses belonging to Civil War soldiers, the location of Civil War monuments, sites relating
to the Underground Railroad and information about specific and regiments. Make sure to guide students
in differentiating between primary and secondary sources included on the map.
7. Display the “How the Map Was Created” Information Sheet located in the Supplemental Materials which
describes the process used to create the map and have students compare this to their own plans for
creating a map from Step 5.
8. If time permits share the following specific changes made during the drafting of the map and ask
students to hypothesize why these changes were made:
 A replica of a Union soldier’s hat was replaced by a hat actually owned and worn by an
Oakland County soldier.
 The wording was changed on a text box describing a soldier who had supposedly been in
Andersonville prison when research failed to substantiate his being a prisoner there.
 A photo of a cartridge case similar to those used in the Civil War but invented in the 1870s
was replaced by a log filled with bullets from the Battle of Chickamauga
Research Opportunities for students:

Investigate other history-related maps created for Oakland County such as the “Native Americans in
Oakland County” map located at:
http://www.oakgov.com/oss/products_services/maps_for_download.html

Investigate primary sources relating to the Civil War and Michigan at this site:
http://seekingmichigan.org/
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 2 – Oakland County Soldiers in Michigan Civil War Regiments
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
What Do You Know About Oakland County?
Directions: Shade in Oakland County on the map below:
Directions: Fill in the blanks in the statements below.
1. The area of Oakland County is _____ square miles.
2. According to the 2010 census the population of Oakland County is about _________
3. Oakland County is home to ______ cities, villages and townships.
4. There are about _________ businesses located in Oakland County.
5. Oakland County is Michigan’s leading center for international commercial activity with
approximately ______companies representing ______ countries with business locations in the
county.
6. Over ______% of Michigan’s computer and electronic product manufacturers are located in
Oakland County.
7. Oakland County has more natural lakes than any other county in the Great Lake State. There
are approximately _________ inland lakes and the headwaters of ______ major rivers
8. Oakland County has _________ acres of parkland.
9. Oakland County was created by Territorial Governor Lewis Cass in _________.
10. Oakland County has _______ nationally registered historic districts and about ______
individual historic sites. There are ______ local historic museums in the county.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
What Do You Know About Oakland County? – Answer Sheet
Directions: Shade in Oakland County on the map below:
Directions: Fill in the blanks in the statements below.
1. The area of Oakland County is 910 square miles.
2. According to the 2010 census the population of Oakland County is about 1,200,000.
3. Oakland County is home to 62 cities, villages and townships.
4. There are about 42,000 businesses located in Oakland County.
5. Oakland County is Michigan’s leading center for international commercial activity with
approximately 700 companies representing 37 countries with business locations in the county.
6. Over 26% of Michigan’s computer and electronic product manufacturers are located in Oakland
County.
7. Oakland County has more natural lakes than any other county in the Great Lake State. There
are approximately 1,450 inland lakes and the headwaters of 5 major rivers
8. Oakland County has 89,000 acres of parkland.
9. Oakland County was created by Territorial Governor Lewis Cass in 1819.
10. Oakland County has 21 nationally registered historic districts and about 200 individual historic
sites. There are 31 local historic museums in the county.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
Group Planning Sheet
Your Task: Design a plan for creating a Map showing Oakland County connections to the
Civil War. Answer the questions below and then be prepared to share your
plan with the other groups.
GROUP MEMBERS:
______________________________________________________________
What kinds of information, illustrations, photographs and other details will you include on your
map?
How will you locate the information, illustrations, photographs and other details?
How will you organize your map?
What challenges and/or obstacles do you think there will be in creating your map?
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
How the Map Was Created
1. The Oakland County Historical Commission decided to create a
map showing Oakland Connections to the Civil War as a Civil War
Sesquicentennial project.
2. The Commission asked Oakland County Planning and Economic
Development Services (PEDS) to assist with the map because this
department had produced historic maps relating to Oakland
County in the past.
3. A historic researcher volunteered to gather the information needed
for the map. She contacted all Oakland County museums,
historical societies, libraries, among others to gather information.
This process led to the collection of a huge amount material, so
much that not all of it could be included on the map.
4. A team sorted through the material and chose items for the map.
5. A draft was created and shared with groups and individuals who
had offered information for the map. People were asked to
critically review the map and offer suggestions for changes. A
second draft of the map was created based on these suggestions.
6. This draft was thoroughly reviewed by a Civil War historian and a
specialist in history education. A few issues were identified during
this review including some historical inaccuracies. In addition,
suggestions were made for replacing some items with others with
more direct connection to Oakland County.
7. A third draft of the map was created based on this review. This
draft became the final version.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 1
Lesson 2: Oakland County Soldiers in Michigan Civil War Regiments
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Organizational Structure of the Civil War Armies
 Types of regiments
 Response to Lincoln’s call for troops
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students explore the organizational structure of the Civil War armies and then analyze data
relating to Oakland County soldiers in various Michigan regiments. In addition, they read brief histories of
specific regiments and create a chart summarizing information on the five regiments which contained the most
Oakland County soldiers.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P2.2
Read and interpret data in tables and graphs.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of
the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
7
Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in
print and digital texts.
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the graphic organizer showing the organizational structure of the Civil War armies located on the
left side of the “Oakland County in the Civil War Map” or display the Map Resource showing the organizer
which is included in the Supplemental Materials for this lesson. Using the organizer and the additional
information on the “Civil War Army Organization Reference Sheet” included in the Supplemental Materials
discuss the structure of the army.
2. Have students locate specific examples in their textbook of the terms used on the organizer such as “Army
of the Potomac” or “Calvary Brigade.”
3. Give each student a copy of the chart showing “Oakland County Soldiers in Michigan Regiments” and
explain the difference between the two right columns on the chart using the following information:
 Accurate data relating to soldiers in Civil War regiments can often be difficult to locate and
requires the use of multiple sources such as census records, regimental rosters, enlistment
papers and Michigan’s publication entitled “Record of Service.”
 The column labeled “Confirmed Oakland County Residents” refers to soldiers who definitely lived
in Oakland County prior to becoming soldiers. This data was verified either through the 1850 or
1860 census or the “Record of Service.’
 The column labeled “Oakland County Residents, Enlistees and Draftees” includes those listed in
the column described above as well as people who enlisted in Oakland County, but may or may
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
not have been living in Oakland County at the time they enlisted. It also includes substitutes
hired by Oakland County draftees. These substitutes may have come from somewhere else.
4. Explain that students will now be analyzing the data on the chart and learning about some of the regiments
listed on the chart. Give each student copies of the following materials located in the Supplemental
Materials:
 The “Analyzing Data” Activity sheet
 The information text sheets entitled “Short Regimental Histories”
5. Go over the two sets of directions on the “Analyzing Data” activity sheet and then give students time to
complete the activity. Note that an ‘Answer Sheet” has been included in the Supplemental Materials for
you to use in assessing the completed student activity sheets.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research one of the regiments explored in this lesson using a website such as the following:
http://www.michiganinthewar.org/rosters.htm

Use the Internet to research one of the commanding officers listed in the regiments.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 3– Dinner in Holly for a Thousand Soldiers
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Civil War Army Organization
Reference sheet
COMPANY
A company was the basic unit in a Civil War army and had approximately 100 men commanded by a
captain. Companies were named with the letters A – K, however, J was not used because it looked
too much like an I.
REGIMENT
A regiment usually contained ten companies and had approximately 1,000 soldiers commanded by a
colonel. If a unit had only four to eight companies, it was called a battalion rather than a regiment.
BRIGADE
A brigade contained an average of four regiments and had approximately 4000 men commanded by
a brigadier general. Union brigades were named with numbers but Confederate brigades were often
named after their current or former commanding officers.
DIVISION
A division was made up of from three to five brigades and had approximately 12,000 men
commanded by a major general. Confederate divisions often contained more brigades than Union
divisions
CORPS
A corps had on average three divisions and consisted of approximately 36,000 men commanded by a
major general on the Union side or a lieutenant general on the Confederate side.
ARMY
An army was made up of from one to eight corps. It was commanded by a general. The Union often
named its armies after rivers or waterways such as the Army of the Potomac. The Confederacy name
its armies after states or regions such as the Army of Northern Virginia.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
OAKLAND COUNTY CIVIL WAR SOLDIERS IN MICHIGAN REGIMENTS
REGIMENT
1st Michigan Infantry
2nd Michigan Infantry
3rd Michigan Infantry (reorganized)
4th Michigan Infantry (reorganized)
5th Michigan Infantry
6th Michigan Infantry
7th Michigan Infantry
8th Michigan Infantry
9th Michigan Infantry
10th Michigan Infantry
11th Michigan Infantry (reorganized)
12th Michigan Infantry
13th Michigan Infantry
14th Michigan Infantry
15th Michigan Infantry
16th Michigan Infantry
17th Michigan Infantry
18th Michigan Infantry
19th Michigan Infantry
20th Michigan Infantry
21st Michigan Infantry
22nd Michigan Infantry
23rd Michigan Infantry
24th Michigan Infantry
25th Michigan Infantry
26th Michigan Infantry
27th Michigan Infantry
28th Michigan Infantry
29th Michigan Infantry
30th Michigan Infantry
1st Michigan Colored Infantry (102nd U.S. Colored Infantry
1st Michigan Cavalry
2nd Michigan Cavalry
3rd Michigan Cavalry
4th Michigan Cavalry
5th Michigan Cavalry
6th Michigan Cavalry
7th Michigan Cavalry
8th Michigan Cavalry
9th Michigan Cavalry
10th Michigan Cavalry
11th Michigan Cavalry
1st Michigan Light Artillery
13th Independent Battery, Michigan Light Artillery
1st Michigan Engineers & Mechanics
1st Michigan Sharpshooters
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Confirmed Oakland
County Residents
10
37
38
16
137
1
97
21
18
128
12
1
4
82
54
27
10
0
3
2
0
404
1
23
0
0
34
0
1
44
2
91
83
78
44
156
18
25
176
39
37
1
81
1
22
1
Oakland County
residents, enlistees
and draftees
12
44
66
21
200
1
124
52
98
175
39
9
6
89
60
56
17
10
26
3
2
704
1
48
0
2
48
1
11
93
59
155
95
111
62
255
33
33
288
54
69
42
131
14
43
3
Page 6 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Analyzing Data
Directions: Rank order the five regiments that had the most confirmed Oakland County residents by filling in the chart below beginning
with the regiment that had the highest number.
Confirmed Oakland County
Residents
REGIMENT
Directions: Use the information in the “Short Regimental Histories’ to complete the chart for the 5 regiments you have listed above:
Regiment
Rendezvous
(Place it was
organized)
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Date it was mustered
into Federal service
Date it left
Destination
Page 7 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Date it was
mustered out
of Federal
service
Place it was mustered
out of Federal service
Analyzing Data – Answer Sheet
Rank order the five regiments that had the most confirmed Oakland County residents by filling in the chart below beginning with the regiment that
had the highest number.
Confirmed Oakland County
Residents
404
176
156
137
128
REGIMENT
22nd Michigan Infantry
8th Michigan Cavalry
5th Michigan Cavalry
5th Michigan Infantry
10th Michigan Infantry
Use the information in the “Short Regimental Histories’ to complete the chart for the 5 regiments you have listed above:
Regiment
Rendezvous
(Place it was
organized)
Date it was mustered
into Federal service
Date it left
Destination
Date it was
mustered out
of Federal
service
Place it was mustered
out of Federal service
22nd Michigan Infantry
Pontiac
Aug 29, 1862
Sept. 4, 1862
Kentucky
June 20,
1865
Nashville
8th Michigan Cavalry
Mt. Clemens
May 2, 1863
May 12, 1863
Kentucky
Sept. 22,
1865
Nashville
5th Michigan Cavalry
Detroit
Aug. 30, 1862
Dec. 4, 1862
Washington
June 2, 1865
Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas
5th Michigan Infantry
Fort Wayne,
Detroit
Aug 28, 1861
Sept 11, 1861
To join the Army of the
Potomac
June 10,
1865
Jeffersonville, Indiana
10th Michigan Infantry
Flint
Feb. 6, 1862
April 22,1862
Pittsburg Landing,
Tennessee
July 19, 1865
Louisville, Kentucky
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
SHORT REGIMENTAL HISTORIES
1st Michigan Cavalry
The First Cavalry began recruiting on August 21, 1861, at Camp Lyon, near Detroit, the place of rendezvous, the
organization of the Regiment being under the direction of Thornton F. Brodhead who had been appointed its Colonel. It
was mustered into United States service on the 13th of September. On the 29th of September the Regiment left camp,
under the command of Colonel Brodhead, with orders to proceed to Washington.
The regiment was mustered out at Salt Lake City, Utah, Mar. 10, 1866.
2nd Michigan Cavalry
The Second Cavalry was organized by the Honorable F.W. Kellogg of Grand Rapids, then a member of Congress,
authority being given him by the Secretary of War, subject to the approval of the Governor of Michigan. The Regiment
was rendezvoused at Grand Rapids, its recruitment being completed October 2, 1861, with 1163 officers and men on its
muster rolls. The Regiment left its rendezvous under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Davis, on November 14, 1861,
with orders to report to St. Louis, Missouri.
On the17th of August, 1865 , members of the Regiment were mustered out of Federal service at Macon, Georgia. They
returned to Michigan by rail, arriving at Jackson on the 26th., where they were paid off and disbanded.
3rd Michigan Cavalry
The Third Cavalry was raised under the superintendence of Colonel Kellogg, who also supervised the raising of the 2nd,
having its rendezvous at Grand Rapids. Its recruitment began early in July, 1861, mustering into the service of the United
States on November 1, 1861, having on its muster rolls, 1160 officers and men. The Regiment left for the field on
November 28,1861, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Minty, with orders to report to St .Louis, Missouri.
On June 10th 1865 the Regiment began a march into Texas, arriving at San Antonio the 2nd of August. Remaining there,
patrolling the general area, until February 15, 1866, at which time they were dismounted, mustered out of service, and
sent home to Michigan, arriving at Jackson on March 10th., then paid off and disbanded on the 15th.
5th Michigan Cavalry
The Fifth Cavalry was raised under the authority given by the War Department to Lieutenant Colonel Joseph T. Copeland,
of the 1st. Cavalry, with the sanction of the Governor of Michigan. Its rendezvous was at Detroit, where they were
mustered into the United States service on August 30,1862. The Regiment, under the command of Colonel Copeland, left
its rendezvous on the fourth of December, 1862, with orders to proceed to Washington, having a strength of 1144 officers
and men.
The regiment was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas June 2nd, 1865.
8th Michigan Cavalry
The rendezvous of the Eighth Cavalry was at Mt. Clemens, and was recruited under the direction of Colonel John
Stockton, who was authorized by the Secretary of War, with the sanction of the Governor, to raise the Regiment. Its
recruitment commenced in August, 1862, and was mustered into the service of the United States on May 2, 1863, having
on its rolls, 1117 officers and men, leaving the State by detachments in that month, with orders to report to the field in
Kentucky, the first detachment, composed of eight squadrons, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Wormer, leaving
on the 12th. day of May.
On September 22, 1865 members of this regiment were mustered out of the service in Nashville. They returned to
Michigan on the 28th, there to be soon after paid off and disbanded, at Jackson.
5th Michigan Infantry
The Fifth Infantry was organized at Fort Wayne, Detroit, and was mustered into service August 28, 1861, with an
enrollment of 900 officers and men. The several companies composing the Regiment were locally designated as follows:
the "Sherlock Guard", of Detroit; the "Mt. Clemens Rifle Guard", of Mt. Clemens; the "East Saginaw Volunteers", of East
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Saginaw; the "Ingersoll Rifles", of Owosso; the "Governor's Guard", of Detroit, the "Saginaw City Light Infantry", of
Saginaw; the "Livingston Volunteers", of Livingston and Brighton, the "Washington Guard", of St. Clair, the "Pontiac
Volunteers", of Pontiac and the "Huron Rangers" of Port Huron. The Regiment left its rendezvous the 11th day of
September, 1861, to join the Army of the Potomac.
On May 1st, 1865 the Regiment started for Washington where it participated in the Grand Review of the Army of the
Potomac on the 23rd. June 10th the Regiment started for Louisville, Kentucky where it crossed the river to Jeffersonville,
Indiana, where it was mustered out of U.S. service. It arrived at Detroit the 8th and was paid, then disbanded on the 17th
of June, 1865.
7th Michigan Infantry
The companies of the Seventh were recruited in different parts of the state. The Regiment was mustered into U.S.
service, Aug. 22, 1861, at Monroe. It was composed of the "Union Guard" of Port Huron, the "Curtenius Guard" of Mason,
the "Jonesville Light Guard" of Jonesville, the "Monroe Light Guard" of Monroe, the "Tuscola Volunteers" of Tuscola, the
"Blair Guards" of Farmington, the "Lapeer Guards" of Lapeer, one company from Pontiac, the "Prairieville Rangers" of
Prairieville and the "Burr Oak Rangers" from Burr Oak. The Seventh left Monroe Sept. 5, 1861, with 884 officers and
enlisted men, under the command of Colonel Ira B. Grosvenor, then set out to join the Army of the Potomac.
On June 6, 1865 the Regiment was ordered to report to General Logan at Louisville, Kentucky arriving in that city on the
22nd. July 5th it was mustered out of service, returning to Jackson, Mich., where it was paid off and disbanded.
9th Michigan Infantry
The Ninth Infantry was organized at Fort Wayne, near Detroit, from independent companies recruited throughout the state
and was mustered into the United States service on Oct. 15, 1861, with an enrollment of 913 officers and men. The
Regiment was under the command of Colonel William Ward Duffield. The Regiment was ordered to Kentucky, being one
of the first Michigan regiments to report for duty in the Western Department. It left Fort Wayne on October 25, 1861.
Members of the regiment were on provost duty in all of the battles from Chattanooga to Atlanta and when Atlanta fell, did
provost duty in that city. The Ninth returned to Chattanooga, then proceeded to Nashville with General Thomas,
performing provost duty there until Sept.15, 1865, when it was mustered out and returned to Jackson, Michigan, where it
arrived on the 27th, was paid off and disbanded.
10th Michigan Infantry
The Tenth Infantry was organized at Flint, and mustered into Federal service on in February 10, 1862. It was composed of
the following local companies, the "Byron Guard", of Byron, the "Saginaw Rangers" of Saginaw, the "Orion Union Guard"
of Orion, the "Sanilac Pioneers" of Sanilac, the "Scarret Guard" of Port Huron, the "Holt Guard" of Almont, the "Lum
Guard" of Memphis, the "McClelland Guard" of Pontiac, the "Genesee Rangers" of Flint and the "Dickerson Guard" of
Hillsdale. The Regiment left the state April 22, 1862, under the command of Colonel Charles M. Lum, joining the army
under General Hallock, at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee.
The Regiment, then in command of Colonel Dunphy, was mustered out of service in Louisville, Kentucky on July 19,
1865, returning to Jackson, Michigan., on the 22nd, On the 1st of August, 1865 it was paid off and disbanded.
22nd Michigan Infantry
The Twenty Second Regiment was raised in the counties of Oakland, Livingston, Macomb, St. Clair, Lapeer and Sanilac.
Its rendezvous, or camp, was at Pontiac, the Honorable Moses Wisner, who had been lately Governor of the State, later
to be commissioned Colonel of the Regiment, having charge of the camp. The recruitment of the 22nd. commenced on
July 15,1862, being completed August 29th., when it was mustered into the service of the United States. On the 4th. of
September, the Regiment took its route for Kentucky via Cincinnati, 997 strong, under the command of Colonel Wisner,
The regiment was mustered out of Federal Service on June 20, 1865 at Nashville. On the 27th they left for Michigan, by
way of Louisville, Indianapolis and Michigan City, arriving at Detroit on the 30th., where they were paid off and disbanded.
Source: Adjt. General. Michigan in the War. Revised ed. Lansing: W.S. George & Co., 1882
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 10 of 10
Grade 8 Lesson 2
Lesson 3: Dinner in Holly for a Thousand Soldiers
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Transportation during the Civil War
 Community response to the Civil War
 Formation of Regiments
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students use the map and two different primary sources to investigate a locally-based event: the
feeding of one thousand soldiers from the 10th Michigan Infantry regiment in the small community of Holly,
Michigan. These soldiers had walked from Flint in order to catch a train to Detroit.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
K1.4
Analyze events and circumstances from the vantage point of others.
P1.1
Use close and critical reading strategies to read and analyze texts pertaining to social science; attend to
nuance, make connections to prior knowledge, draw inferences, and determine main idea and supporting
details.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
9
Analyze the relationship between a primary and secondary source on the same topic.
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the text box on the map near the community of Holly (northwest corner of Oakland County) or
display the graphic of the text box included here in the Supplemental Materials for the lesson. Guide
students in identifying the factual information included in the text. Note that this includes the following:
 One thousand soldiers came to Holly to catch a train to Detroit.
 People from the area fed the soldiers a meal
2. Ask students what questions this text box raises. Note that these include:
 Who were the soldiers?
 What regiment were they from?
 Where had they come from?
 Why were they going to Detroit?
 How had they gotten to Holly?
3. Explain to students that in order to better understand some of the events, artifacts and people described on
the map it is necessary to analyze other resources. Display the first page of Primary Source #1 from the
Supplemental Materials which is the cover of a book. Lead a discussion of the primary source using the
following questions:
 What kind of a resource is this? ( a Gazetteer and Business Directory)
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3



In what year was it created? (1863-64)
What was included in the book? ( Historical and descriptive sketches of all the cities, towns and
villages in the state)
How could this primary source be used to help us understand more about the event in Holly?
(We could look up what Holly was like in 1863. We could look up the population of Holly in 1863
to see how many people were in the area so we could understand how big a problem it was to
feed 1000 soldiers.)
4. Divide students in pairs and give each pair the second page of Primary Source #1 which contains
descriptions of Holly township and the village of Holly in 1863. Explain that students should read the text
and highlight important descriptive information about Holly. Give pairs time to work together. Note that this
could also be done as an independent reading activity.
5. Guide students in creating a list of characteristics of Holly township and village in 1863. Note that these
include:
 Farming was important in the area.
 The township had 1,100 people living in it and the village of Holly had 700 people.
 Holly was a railroad center. People and freight coming to Holly by train went to places like Flint
and Saginaw by stagecoach and wagon.
 Holly had a post office.
6. Discuss how this primary source offers additional information about the Holly dinner event. Note that this
includes the following information:
 There were only about 2000 people in the whole township and they managed to feed 1000 people.
 The train ride the soldiers would have taken would have been 47 miles long.
 The soldiers would have either had to walk to Holly from wherever they began or come by wagon or
stage.
7. Keeping the same pairs of students as in Step 4, give pairs a copy of Primary Source #2. Guide students in
identifying the top illustration as the cover of a book about the Tenth Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment.
Have students read the text section below the book cover and identify in writing information in the text
which helps further explain the dinner event in Holly.
8. Have students share what they have written in the large group and make a list of their ideas. Note that
possible answers include the following:
 The soldiers belonged to the 10th Michigan Infantry regiment.
 There was more than enough food for the soldiers.
 Many animals were killed in order to feed the soldiers.
 The event took place on a stormy, muddy day and the soldiers were very thankful to the people
who fed them dinner.
9. Guide students in comparing the text from the map (Map Resource) and the text from the book on the 10th
Infantry Regiment. Comparison information should include the following:
 Both pieces of text described the same event.
 The map text was short and to the point with little description.
 The text from the book included far more description and emotion. It provided a more thorough
picture of the event.
 The text from the book was more difficult to understand because it included some terms from
the past such as ‘haversacks’ and ‘bagged.’
10. Review the questions from Step 2 and guide students in understanding that the primary sources they have
used have helped them answer some, but not all, of the questions. Explain that in the lesson on Camp
Thomson additional sources will be used to try to find answers to the remaining questions.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Research Opportunities for students:

Research descriptions of other Oakland County communities in the 1863 Gazetteer at this website:
http://www.archive.org/stream/michiganstatega00pubgoog/michiganstatega00pubgoog_djvu.txt

Use the Internet or another resource to and determine which railroad ran through Holly in 1862.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 4– The 10th Michigan Infantry at Camp Thomson
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Primary Source #1
Source: Michigan State Gazetteer and Business Directory. http://archive.org/details/michiganstatega01pubgoog
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Primary Source #2
Source:
http://books.google.ca/books/about/History_of_the_formation_movements_camps.html?id=ZJnhAAA
AMAAJ
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 8
Grade 8 Lesson 3
Lesson 4: The 10th Michigan Infantry at Camp Thomson
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Recruitment and enlistment
 Training of regiments
 Transportation of regiments
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students investigate Camp Thomson in Flint where the 10th Michigan Infantry, which included
many Oakland County soldiers, gathered and trained beginning in fall of 1862. Resources used in the lesson
include a description of camp life form a book about the 10th Infantry and a letter written at the camp by a
young soldier.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P1.1
Use close and critical reading strategies to read and analyze texts pertaining to social science; attend to
nuance, make connections to prior knowledge, draw inferences, and determine main idea and supporting
details.
P1.2
Analyze point of view, context and bias to interpret primary and secondary source documents.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of
the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g. sequentially, comparatively, causally).
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the text box on the map near the community of Holly (northwest corner of Oakland County) or
display the graphic of the text box included here in the Supplemental Materials for this lesson. Guide
students in reviewing what was learned about this event in Lesson 3.
2. Remind students of the questions relating to this event that remain unanswered. Note that these include:
 Where had the soldiers come from?
 Why were they going to Detroit?
 How had they gotten to Holly?
3. Give each student a copy of Primary Source #1, “From History of the 10th Regiment” located in the
Supplemental Materials. Explain that students should read the text of the source and try to find answers to
the three questions above as well as additional information about the 10th Infantry Regiment.
4. Give students time to read and highlight the text. Then, lead a discussion of the text using the following
questions:
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4










Where was Camp Thomson located?
Where had the camp name come from?
What was life like at the camp?
What issue arose at the camp regarding pay for the soldiers?
How was the issue solved?
What was it like in the camp just before they left it?
How did local people react to their going?
How did the soldiers get to Holly?
Why were the soldiers going to Detroit?
What was the weather like on their trip to Holly?
5. Give each student a copy of Primary Source #2 and guide students in identifying what type of primary
source this is and how it is connected to Primary Source #1. Note that the Supplemental Materials include
both a copy of the original document and a transcription. It is suggested that you allow students to grapple
with the original document first and then offer them the transcription as a resource. Note that important
ideas relating to the primary source include the following:
 The primary source is a letter written from Robert Gibbs to some of his friends. (Guide students
in identifying the reference to Stony Creek, near Rochester, as the place where Robert was
from)
 The letter was written in March of 1862 at Camp Thomson.
 Robert was a member of Company B of the 10th Regiment.
6. Ask students to read the letter and locate additional information about Camp Thomson from the letter. Give
students time to read and then have them share ideas in the large group. Note that information about the
camp includes the following:
 Most of Robert’s friends in camp are in good spirits except for one who is ill. ( Note that you may
need to explain the term ‘ague’, another word for malaria.)
 Robert has the feeling that the group may never need to go ‘south’ because in his mind the
rebellion is going badly.
 It appears that the colonel in charge of the camp is considering sending the soldiers home and
having them on call just in case they are needed.
 The soldiers have been drilling at the camp.
7. Display the information about Robert Gibbs located in the Supplemental Materials. Explain that this is the
type of information that can typically be found online about Civil War Soldiers. Discuss the various types of
information included. Note that these include the following:
 Where a soldier lived at the time of enlistment
 The enlistment date
 The place where he enlisted
 His age at the time of enlistment.
 The regiment in which he served
 What happened to him
8. Discuss the information shown for Robert Gibbs using the following questions:
 How old was he when he enlisted?
 How long did he serve in the army?
 What happened to him?
9. Explain that Robert Gibbs is buried in Corinth National Cemetery in Mississippi. Explain also that in Lesson
6 students will learn about other members of the Gibbs family who served in the Civil War.
Research Opportunities for students:
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4

Read additional excerpts of the book on the 10th Michigan Infantry at this website:
http://books.google.ca/books/about/History_of_the_formation_movements_camps.html?id=ZJnhAAAA
MAAJ

Use the Internet or another resource to locate information on E.H. Thomson, the person responsible for
forming the 10th Michigan Infantry Regiment.

Locate information about Corinth National Cemetery where Robert Gibbs was buried.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 5– The Deaths of Daniel and Lorenzo Burton or Lesson 6 – The Gibbs
Family of Soldiers
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Map Resource #1
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Primary Source #1
From History of the 10th Regiment
FORMATION
The 10th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry was organized under the first call for three years troops, and was
rendezvoused at Flint, Genesee county. The camp was pleasantly situated, just east of the village, on the left bank of Flint
River, on a piece of undulating ground, including a small piece of woods, separated from the drill grounds by a low
marsh, which, in the spring time, was overflowed by the high water from the river. This piece of woods was designated "
the island," and the boys will not forget " the island " of camp at Flint. This camp of instruction was named Camp
Thomson, in honor of E. H. Thomson, who had charge of the formation of the regiment, as no Colonel was appointed for
some time.
E. H. Thomson directed the formation of the camp, and so fully and completely cared for the wants of the soldiers, that he
found a place in the soldiers' hearts as the soldier's friend, and will not soon be forgotten. We learned to look upon him as
a kind of father, and always called him Colonel, and, to this day he bears that title whenever his name is spoken among
us.
The companies which first came to camp were quartered in tents, and, although it was late in the fall, and the weather
severe, we were so well supplied with straw for beds, and, through the kindness of the citizens of Flint and vicinity, so well
provided with blankets and quilts in addition to those drawn from the Government, that we were comfortable.
A large and commodious dining room, and a building for the Quartermaster's department, were constructed at an early
date, and, through the energy and efficiency of Col. Thomson, comfortable barracks, with rooms attached for 1st
Sergeants to transact company business in, were constructed soon afterwards. Cook rooms were also attached to the
dining room, and we were " in out of the storm."
The wants of the men being thus supplied, attention was turned to the wants of the officers, and quarters, pleasant and
convenient, were constructed nearby the barracks, consisting of fifteen rooms the first being occupied by the Colonel, 2d
by Lieutenant Colonel and Major, 3d by Adjutant, 4th by Quartermaster, 5th by Surgeons, and the remaining ten each by
the commissioned officers of a company. There was a commodious cook room attached to the officers' quarters, and one
Mr. Alport, living near camp, took the job of boarding the officers.
DUTY AND PLEASURE
Now that the barracks and other quarters were all done, the best part of our soldiering began, but we did not realize it, and
often compared our situation with home. Our duties were drilling, guarding the camp, and eating our rations. Most of us
took pride in drilling, despite " awkward squads," guard house, etc., and longed for the time to come when we could
practice our evolutions in front of the enemy, where it would do some good. Camp guard was generally looked upon as a
sort of " unnecessary evil," for we little knew the necessity of thoroughly understanding guard duty. We understand it
pretty well now. As far as eating rations is concerned, most of us could and did eat our full share, although it was with
more grumbling than at either of the other duties. It is but justice to say that our cooks did well. They performed the
hardest part of the duty of that camp, as all cooks generally do everywhere.
RUMORS
The exciting rumors of war and the excitement about going to " Dixie," gave us enough to think of in spare moments, so
that weeks and months rolled quickly away. As the winter began to wane, and all the rumors of the paymaster's
appearance with our " greenbacks " came one after another to be proved false, we began to be uneasy, for the homes we
had left needed either us or them. But it was rumored at last that the paymaster was in the city, but out of funds, and, like
a sensible officer, had gone to work sawing wood by the cord to get money to pay off the regiment. This placed the
prospect of pay far in the future, but better then than never.
MUSTER
When the mustering officers came the " greenbacks " had not yet made their appearance, and most felt an inclination to "
halt." Some were determined not to muster until they had their pay, but this was finally adjusted, and February 5th and 6th
made us all Uncle Sam's boys.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
PAY DAY
The paymaster at last came, although Christmas had come and gone long before, and we received our first payment from
Government April 17th, 1862. We were paid from date of enlistment to February 28th, 1862, and having got hold of the
needful, we felt considerable better.
PREPARATIONS
From the time we were paid to April 22d, 1862, the time set for our departure, there was considerable excitement and
bustle. Getting ready, getting furloughs to go home for a few days to take leave of the loved ones, reducing the baggage,
etc., etc. Guards were posted more thickly about camp, especially in the night, and pickets were thrown out on the
principal roads leading from the city, to search all vehicles passing out, to prevent desertions and stealing of United States
property. The camp became now, more than ever before, the resort of mothers, sisters, wives, fathers, brothers, relatives
and friends of soldiers, and if, during the weary winter months we were blessed with the presence of fair ones to cheer us,
we were now doubly blessed and more strongly reminded of the ties which bound us to our homes. Trying were the
scenes enacted before and among us, and many a brave man's heart quailed and his lips quivered at the thought of
parting from friends, who has never wavered or shrank back when the shells were flying all about, or any danger
apparent.
The night before our departure was unpromising for the arrival of teams which had volunteered to carry us to Holly, the
nearest railroad station; but a greater number of teams arrived than under the circumstances were expected. The tables
were torn out of the dining hall in order to admit of sheltering the horses from the storm. Guards were doubled, and all
admitted into camp, whether soldier or citizen, were subject to a search for liquor, and many were the canteens made to
disgorge their contents of whisky upon the ground. Canteens, filled with liquors, were found upon citizens as well as
soldiers. All was quiet in the night.
OFF FOR DIXIE
Preparations having been well completed the night before, we were astir the next morning at reveillee, which sounded at 2
o'clock. We packed our blankets knapsacks having been packed the evening previous and waited for the doors to open,
for the guards were not removed from the barracks until just before we started took breakfast as best we could, and fell in
for roll call, loaded into the wagons while the snow, which had been falling for a number of hours, was still coming down,
and bade farewell to Camp Thomson. We moved out of the city at 5 o'clock A. M., and were en route for St. Louis. There
were not wagons enough to hold all the regiment, and two companies had to walk until we struck the " plank " and met
more teams coming, and those already loaded took on a few more.
The storm ceased soon after starting, the snow having fallen to a considerable amount, but had melted so that it was only
about one and a half inches deep. The ground, moistened by previous rain, was so softened by the melting of the snow
that the plank road was entirely destroyed in some places, and in some instances had to be relaid before the train could
pass. All along we were greeted with smiling faces, the waving of hands, hats and 'kerchiefs and by cheers, to give us
courage and make us feel that we were doing well. On the road through which we passed in leaving the camp and going
through Flint, the walks, yards, doors and winds were crowded with the friends of those " going to war." Many sad faces
presented themselves, but most were hopeful. It was a passing good bye.
DINNER.
At 2 o'clock P. M. the right wing had reached Holly, and were marched to tables loaded with luxuries provided by the….
Source:
http://books.google.ca/books/about/History_of_the_formation_movements_camps.html?id=ZJnhAAA
AMAAJ
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Primary Source #2
Source: Joshua Van Hoosen Papers. Michigan Historical Collections. Bentley Library
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
CIVIL WAR LETTER OF ROBERT GIBBS
Headquarters, 10th Regt.
Flint, March 11th, 1862
Dear friends,
It is with pleasure that I seat myself to inform you that I am well and in good spirits and I hope
when this reaches you, it will find you all enjoying the same blessings and the rest of the boys
are all well and in good spirits except Lewis Kelsey – and he has got the ague today. well Josh,
we have not gone south yet. neather do I believe we ever will judging from the state of affairs
which now exist in the south at the present time. according to the best information we get here,
the back bone of the rebellion is so badly bent that it begins to crack. if such are the facts, we
will never leave the state. the colonel is talking about sending us home and holding us as
minute men to be ready at a moments warning. that will save boarding us, but our wayges will
continue right on just the same as though we were kept here in camp. well Josh, according to
the reports, you Stoney Creekers are having fine times this winter. I have understood that Mr.
Lawson and the honorable Mr. Kitchen had introduced their new system of dancing in Dr.
bucks mill office _______. the Rev. Mr. Walten(?) was floor manager and I have also
understood that the Hon[orable] Mr. D. B. Taylor was about to leave his friends and let the
place and people go to distraction at wonce. what a pitty. Josh, Nate wants to know why you
don’t answer his letter. I shall have to close for the bugle has just sounded for drill. I will bid
you good by by wishing you all well. I remain as ever your obedient
Robert Gibbs
Address:
Flint, Mich
Co. B, 10th Regt. mich. infantry
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 10 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Name:
Residence:
Robert Gibbs
Rochester, Michigan
Enlistment Date:
9 Jan 1862
Enlistment Place:
Flint, Michigan
Side Served:
State Served:
Service Record:
Union
Michigan
Enlisted as a Private on 9 January 1862 at the age
of 24 in Company B, 10th Infantry Regiment
Michigan.
Died of disease Company B, 10th Infantry Regiment
Michigan on 10 Nov 1862 at Jackson, TN.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 11 of 11
Grade 8 Lesson 4
Lesson 5: The Deaths of Daniel and Lorenzo Burton
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Disease during the Civil War
 Military Hospitals in the Civil War
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students are introduced to the serious problems of disease during the Civil War by investigating
the deaths of two young soldiers. The first, a member of the 10th Michigan Infantry, died while training at Camp
Thomson. The second, his brother and a member of the 22nd Michigan Infantry, died in Lexington, Kentucky.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P2.3
Know how to find and organize information from a variety of sources, analyze, interpret, support
interpretations with evidence, critically evaluate, and present the information orally and in writing.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the Orion War Memorial on the map or display the graphic of the section of the map showing the
Memorial included here in the Supplemental Materials for this lesson. Then, display the photograph of the
two memorial plaques and point out the name ‘Daniel Burton.”
2. Display “Service Record #1” located in the Supplemental Materials and guide students in determining what
can be learned about Daniel Burton from this information. Note that this includes the following:
 He was 19 when he enlisted.
 He was a member of Company C of the 10th Michigan Infantry.
 He enlisted on Oct 14, 1861 at Orion, Michigan.
 He was mustered out of service on Jan. 29, 1862 at Flint, Michigan.
3. Ask students why Daniel Burton would have been in Flint in 1862. Discuss their responses and guide them
in remembering (from Lesson 4) that the 10th Infantry had trained at Camp Thomson in Flint that year.
4. Ask students why they think he was ‘mustered out’ in January,1862 after only being in the regiment for
around 3 months. Discuss student responses.
5. Display “Service Record #2” and ask students what additional information about Daniel Burton this record
provides. Guide students in identifying that he died of disease while in Flint. Briefly discuss how disease
resulted in a huge number of deaths during the Civil War. Note that you may also wish to remind students
that Robert Gibbs who was featured in Lesson 5 on Camp Thomson also died of disease.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
6. Ask students why they think Daniel Burton was listed on the Orion War Memorial even though he never
took part in a battle during the Civil War. Discuss student responses.
7. Display “Service Record #3” and ask students who they think Lorenzo Burton was. Guide students in
identifying Lorenzo as the brother of Daniel Burton. Discuss this service record using the following
questions:
 How did Lorenzo Burton die?
 Where is he buried?
 How do you think the death of these two brothers impacted their family?
8. Display the photograph of Lexington National Cemetery where Lorenzo Burton was buried and discuss the
text beneath the photograph which describes the history of the cemetery. ( Note that Daniel Burton was
buried in Sandhill Cemetery near Almont in Lapeer County because his mother was living in that area and
his father had died in 1847 and was buried that cemetery.)
Research Opportunities for students:

Research specific diseases prevalent during the Civil War such as typhoid fever.

Use the Internet or another resource to locate information on other Oakland County soldiers buried in
Lexington National Cemetery
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 6 – The Gibbs Family of Soldiers or Lesson 8 – From Holly to the Western
Theater
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Photograph
Plaques
from the
Orion
Veterans
Memorial
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Service Record #1
Name:
Daniel Burton
Residence:
Orion, Michigan
Age at enlistment:
Enlistment Date:
Rank at enlistment:
19
14 Oct 1861
Private
Enlistment Place:
Orion, MI
State Served:
Michigan
Survived the War?:
Service Record:
No
Enlisted in Company C, Michigan 10th Infantry
Regiment on 14 Oct 1861.
Mustered out on 29 Jan 1862 at Flint, MI.
Birth Date:
abt 1842
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Service Record #2
Daniel Burton
Name:
Daniel Burton
Residence:
Orion, Michigan
Enlistment Date:
14 Oct 1861
Enlistment Place:
Orion, Michigan
Side Served:
State Served:
Service Record:
Union
Michigan
Enlisted as a Private on 14 October 1861 at the age
of 19.
Enlisted in Company C, 10th Infantry Regiment
Michigan on 14 Oct 1861.
Died of disease Company C, 10th Infantry Regiment
Michigan on 29 Jan 1862 at Flint, MI.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Service Record #3
Name:
Residence:
Enlistment
Date:
Enlistment
Place:
Side Served:
State Served:
Service
Record:
Lorenzo Burton
Dryden, Michigan
9 Aug 1862
Disco, Michigan
Union
Michigan
Enlisted as a Private on 9 August 1862 at the age of 22.
Enlisted in Company B, 22nd Infantry Regiment Michigan
on 14 Aug 1862.
Died of disease Company B, 22nd Infantry Regiment
Michigan on 8 Mar 1863 at Lexington, KY.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lexington_National_Cemetery_1.jpg
HISTORICAL INFORMATION – Lexington National Cemetery
Lexington National Cemetery originated in 1861 as a small soldier’s lot within Lexington City Cemetery, a place
that in its heyday was considered “one of the most beautiful and carefully kept rural cemeteries in the United
States.” The first burial in the soldier’s lot was made during the Civil War on Nov. 28, 1861. In 1863, the
soldiers’ lot was designated a national cemetery. In 1867, the government purchased an additional 0.38 acres
that doubled the cemetery’s size to its current three-quarters of an acre.
The cemetery tract is triangular, with graves arranged in concentric circles. Its boundaries are marked by
carved marble posts emblazoned with “US.” A bronze plaque identifies this property as Lexington National
Cemetery. Of the original burials, 671 were non-commissioned officers and privates who died in hospitals or
camps operating around Lexington during the war. After the war, Quartermaster Corps personnel were
charged with locating all Union soldier’s remains and re-interring them in national cemeteries. Additional
soldiers who had fallen in battles at Falmouth, Cynthiana, Mount Sterling, Paris and along the Kentucky
Central Railroad line were buried at Lexington National Cemetery.
Source: http://www.cem.va.gov/cems/nchp/lexington.asp
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 9
Grade 8 Lesson 5
Lesson 6: The Gibbs Family of Soldiers
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 The impact of the Civil War on families
 Military Hospitals
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students hypothesize about the impact of the Civil War on families as they investigate an
Oakland County family with four family members who enlisted during the War. Resources explored include
photographs, a letter, census data and a section of a regimental roster.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
K1.4
Analyze events and circumstances from the vantage point of others.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
7
Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in
print and digital texts.
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out Stoney Creek Cemetery on the map or display the graphic of the section of the map showing the
cemetery included here in the Supplemental Materials for this lesson. Then, display the photographs of the
cemetery and the military grave in the cemetery.
2. Ask students what information can be found on the military grave marker shown in the photo. Guide
students in identifying the soldier’s name (Orimill Gibbs) and his company and regiment (Company E,16th
Michigan Infantry)
3. Display “Service Record ” of Orimill Gibbs located in the Supplemental Materials and guide students in
determining what can be learned about him from this information. Note that this includes the following:
 His name was spelled differently on this record.
 He was 50 when he enlisted.
 He was a member of Company E of the 16th Michigan Infantry.
 He enlisted on Feb. 13, 1864 at Pontiac, Michigan.
 He was mustered out of service on July 8, 1865 at Jeffersonville Indiana.
4. Ask students if they find anything unusual about the enlistment of Orimill Gibbs. Discuss student
responses. Note that students should identify the fact that he was 50 when he enlisted as uncommon.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
5. Display the “Letter” and “Service Record” of Robert Gibbs which was used in Lesson 4 on Camp Thomson
and explain that Orimill Gibbs was Robert’s father.
6. Give each student a copy of the Information Sheet showing a section of the Regimental roster of the 16th
Michigan Infantry as well as census data about the Gibbs family. Ask students to draw some conclusions
based on the two different sources. Note that possible conclusions include:
 Orimill Gibbs served in the same Company and Regiment as two of his sons.
 According to the census data Jonah (or Josiah) Gibbs would have been 16 when he enlisted not
18 as the regimental roster shows. (Note that it was not unusual for young men under 18 to
declare themselves to be a18 when they enlisted.)
 The Gibbs family had four members who fought in the Civil War.
7. Display the letter written by Orimill Gibbs located in the Supplemental Materials and give each student a
transcription of the letter. Use the following questions to analyze the letter:
 Where was Orimill Gibbs when he wrote the letter?
 What appears to have happened to him?
 What did he want his cousin to write him about?
 From whom had he recently received a letter?
8. Point out Mt. Avon Cemetery on the map or display the “Map Resource” again that was used in Step 1.
Then, display the photograph of the cemetery and page showing the names of the Oakland County soldiers
from the Rochester area listed on the bronze plaque in the cemetery. Highlight Orimill Gibbs’ name on the
list.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research the 16th Michigan Infantry.

Use the Internet or another resource to locate other Civil War soldiers buried in Stoney Creek Cemetery
or Mt. Avon Cemetery.

Research one of the soldiers listed on the plaque in Mt. Avon Cemetery.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 7 – The 16th Michigan Infantry or Lesson 8 – From Holly to the Western
Theater
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Photographs
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Service Record
Name: Oramill Gibbs
Age at 50
enlistment:
Enlistment 13 Feb 1864
Date:
Rank at Private
enlistment:
Enlistment Pontiac, MI
Place:
State Michigan
Served:
Survived the Yes
War?:
Service Enlisted in Company E, Michigan 16th
Record: Infantry Regiment on 13 Feb 1864.
Mustered out on 08 Jul 1865 at
Jeffersonville, IN.
Birth Date: abt 1814
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
CIVIL WAR LETTER OF ROBERT GIBBS
Headquarters, 10th Regt.
Flint, March 11th, 1862
Dear friends,
It is with pleasure that I seat myself to inform you that I am well and in good spirits and I hope when this
reaches you, it will find you all enjoying the same blessings and the rest of the boys are all well and in good
spirits except Lewis Kelsey – and he has got the ague today. well Josh, we have not gone south yet. neather do
I believe we ever will judging from the state of affairs which now exist in the south at the present time.
according to the best information we get here, the back bone of the rebellion is so badly bent that it begins to
crack. if such are the facts, we will never leave the state. the colonel is talking about sending us home and
holding us as minute men to be ready at a moments warning. that will save boarding us, but our wayges will
continue right on just the same as though we were kept here in camp. well Josh, according to the reports, you
Stoney Creekers are having fine times this winter. I have understood that Mr. Lawson and the honorable Mr.
Kitchen had introduced their new system of dancing in Dr. bucks mill office _______. the Rev. Mr. Walten(?)
was floor manager and I have also understood that the Hon[orable] Mr. D. B. Taylor was about to leave his
friends and let the place and people go to distraction at wonce. what a pitty. Josh, Nate wants to know why you
don’t answer his letter. I shall have to close for the bugle has just sounded for drill. I will bid you good by by
wishing you all well. I remain as ever your obedient
Robert Gibbs
Address:
Flint, Mich
Co. B, 10th Regt. mich. infantry
Name:
Residence:
Robert Gibbs
Rochester, Michigan
Enlistment Date:
9 Jan 1862
Enlistment Place:
Flint, Michigan
Side Served:
State Served:
Service Record:
Union
Michigan
Enlisted as a Private on 9 January 1862 at the age of 24 in Company B,
10th Infantry Regiment Michigan.
Died of disease Company B, 10th Infantry Regiment Michigan on 10 Nov
1862 at Jackson, TN.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Part of the Regimental Roster of Company E, 16th Infantry
Gibbs, George G., private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Avon
February 11, 1864, age 18. Wounded June 1, 1864. Discharged for disability
at Washington, D.C. June 3, 1865.
Gibbs, Jonah H. (Josiah), private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Pontiac February 17, 1864, age 18. Promoted Corporal May 17, 1865.
Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Gibbs, Oramill, private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
February 13, 1864, age 50. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8,
1865
1860 Census Data
Name:
Age in 1860:
Orrimile Gibbs
45
Birth Year:
abt 1815
Birthplace:
Canada
Home in 1860:
Gender:
Post Office:
Avon, Oakland, Michigan
Male
Rochester
Household Name
Members:
Orrimile Gibbs
Azubah Gibbs
Robert J Gibbs
Sarah J Gibbs
Mary F Gibbs
Harriet A Gibbs
Josiah H Gibbs
George G Gibbs
Ches F Gibbs
Marshall W Gibbs
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Age
45
43
22
21
19
17
14
12
9
8
Page 8 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Source: Joshua Van Hoosen Papers. Michigan Historical Collections. Bentley Library.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 10 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
CIVIL WAR LETTER OF ORAMILL GIBBS
McClellan Hospital
Milltown, Pa.
June or Jan 1864
Dear Cousin,
I will improve a ______ _____ moments I have myself in writing to you.
when I come to washington, I cought coald. I road out side of the cars. I
have been a Bleeding at the lungs. I was at Washington six weeks and
then I was sent hear. I have got a good ______ hear. I am at work hear in
the Hospital. I am improving. I get a letter from the old woman yesterday
– also heard from the Boys. thay was well up to that time. I want you
should write and tell me how the crops _____ _____ and when you write,
tell uncle Tailor that I have seen some very good and some that was not so
good. Write soon.
Address to:
McClellan Hospital
Milltown, Pa., Ward 3
O. Gibbs
I am going to send you a paper and I want you should send one in return.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 11 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Civil War Monument, Mt. Avon Cemetery, Rochester, Michigan
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 12 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
OAKLAND COUNTY CIVIL WAR SOLDIERS FROM THE ROCHESTER AREA
(from the bronze plaque in Mt. Avon Cemetery)
Arnold, Orrin
Arnold, William
Austin, A. A.
Axford, Theodore
Baker. J. J.
Baldwin, William
Banghart, I.
Becket, John
Brewster, C. A.
Brooks, William
Butts, William
Cady, Elisha
Cain, Anderson
Cain, Jacob
Calahan, Thomas
Cannon, L. H.
Carey, William H.
Carleton, M. A.
Churchill, H. I.
Clemens, Daniel
Clemens, J. E.
Coffin, C. J.
Cole, H. H.
Collins, A. E.
Cornell, E. B.
Cowell, Daniel
Cowell, James
Crofut, E. H.
Cross, I. C.
Davison, George W.
Delisle, J. H.
Dewey, E. H.
Dimock, Richard
Eastman, J. W.
Everitt, William P.
Fero, Henry
Fowler, Samuel
Fox, Jacob
Frank, L. L.
Frank, E. R.
Fraser, William J.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Freeman, O. B.
Gambler, Wallace
Gibbs, O. C.
Gibson, T. J.
Gillette, E.
Gillette, L. D.
Harris, Samuel
Hersey, E. W.
Hill, Beldin
Hill, G. W.
Holman, J. H.
Holman, William
Horton, C. Z.
Horton, Edward
Hilton, Daniel
Hull (Hall), John
Jennings, E. A.
Jersey, Ira F.
Johnson, Charles
Ketchum, D. P.
LeRoy, William H.
Mann, Melvin
Manwaring, William
Martz, John
Mason, James
Mason, John
Matteson, J. W.
McClurer, Melvin
McCornac, James
Miller, Jacob
Miller, James
Mills, William H.
Monroe, A. A.
Newton, George
Newton, T. M.
Nichols, Charles
O’Brien, Anthony
Patch, A. C.
Patterson, Robert
Pennington, H. H.
Peters, Julian S.
Peters, Leander M.
Phillips, F. M.
Pixley, Frank
Pollock, R. B.
Potter, Hamilton
Powell, James A.
Powell, John W.
Ransford, Byron
Rathburn, Melvin
Rathburn, Myron
Richardson, Isaac
Reimer, Joseph
Roberts, Brainard
Robinson, Frank
Robinson, Rufus
Robinson, William
Ross, J. G.
Ruddock, James
Shanahan, William
Sipperly, E. H.
Sipperly, J. L. P.
Smith, John
Snook, J. J.
Spencer, Frank
Strong, Charles
Struble, George
Taylor, N. B.
Terry, Edward
Thice, Peter
Torrey, E. W.
Trowbridge, A.
Vorhes, James
Wagner, Abram H.
Whitney, Henry
Wilcox. L. G.
Wing, Charles
Wood, H. L.
Wood, Royal R.
Wood, Virus
Worthley, J. B.
Wright, I. A.
Page 13 of 13
Grade 8 Lesson 6
Lesson 7: The 16th Michigan Infantry and Gettysburg
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 The Battle of Gettysburg
 The Army of the Potomac
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students explore the Battle of Gettysburg through the eyes of the 16th Michigan Infantry . The
lesson includes a brief investigation of the Monument to the 16th at Gettysburg, a map study, an analysis of the
Field Report of Lieut. Col. Norval E. Welch and a chart activity relating to other Michigan regiments that took
part of the battle. The lesson concludes with a brief analysis of the regimental history of the 16th. A list of
Oakland County soldiers who were members of this regiment has been included for reference.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
K1.4
Analyze events and circumstances from the vantage point of others.
P1.1
Use close and critical reading strategies to read and analyze texts pertaining to social science; attend to
nuance, make connections to prior knowledge, draw inferences, and determine main idea and supporting
details.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
6
Identify aspects of a text that reveal an author’s point of view or purpose.
8
Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text
Lesson Sequence
1. Note that it is suggested that this lesson be used after you have taught about the Battle of Gettysburg. This
helps provide local connections to what was covered in the textbook.
2. Ask students to create a list of ‘artifacts’ that they would have expected to have been found following the
Battle of Gettysburg. Have students share their lists with the whole group. Note that possible artifacts
include guns, boots, belt buckles, canteens, etc. Note that students can view artifacts in the Gettysburg
Visitor Center collection at this website: http://www.gettysburgfoundation.org/10
3. Point out the “Ivory handled utensils” found on the map or display the graphic of the utensils from the map
included here in the Supplemental Materials for this lesson. Note that this knife and fork were found
following the battle at Gettysburg. Note that you may wish to briefly discuss how the utensils seem
incongruous with what students may have learned about Gettysburg and the devastation of this battle.
4. Display the photograph of a monument at Gettysburg located in the Supplemental Materials and ask
students to determine to whom the Monument is dedicated. Guide students in understanding that the
monument is dedicated to the 16th Michigan Infantry. If you completed Lesson 6 make sure to refer back to
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
the Gibbs family members who belonged to Company E of the 16th Infantry. Note, however, that the three
Gibbs soldiers from this unit did not enlist until February of 1864 and therefore would not have taken part in
the Battle of Gettysburg.
5. Refer students to the graphic organizer showing the structure of the Civil War Armies on the left side of the
map ( note that this organizer was the foundation for Lesson 2) or display the graphic of the organizer
included as “Map Resource #2” in the Supplemental Materials. Note that the organizer will help students
decipher the rest of the text on the monument shown in Step 4. Guide students in classifying the 16th
Infantry as follows:
 Belonged to the : Army of the Potomac
 5th Corps
 1st Division
 3rd Brigade
6. Have students read the text beneath the monument photograph which describes efforts of the 16th Infantry
at Gettysburg. Then, use the map included in the Supplemental Materials to point out ‘Little Round Top.”
As an optional activity you may wish to have students read the article “Defense of Little Round top” at the
following website: http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/gettysburg/gettysburg-history-articles/defense-of-littleround-top.html
7. Give each student a copy of the “Report of Lieut. Col. Norval E. Welch” and have them read it
independently and highlight important details. Discuss the report using the following questions:
 What can be learned about the Battle of Gettysburg from this report?
 What is meant by the following phrase: “misconstruction of orders, and entirely unwarrantable
assumption of authority”?
 How does he report the death of some of his officers?
 What is an example of a fact in his report?
 What is an example of an opinion in his report?
 How is his point of view reflected in his report?
 What was Lt. Col. Welch’s purpose in writing this report?
8. Note that you may wish to share the following information regarding Lt. Col Welch: On Sept. 30, 1864 he
was killed in action at Poplar Grove Church, Virginia.
9. Have students analyze the chart showing “Michigan Regiments in the Battle of Gettysburg” by answering
the following questions:
 How many Michigan regiments took part in the battle?
 How many Michigan officers were killed or wounded during the battle?
 What brigade was made up entirely of Michigan regiments?
 Who commanded this brigade?
10. As an optional activity, have students read the text showing “Major Events” in the history of the 16th
Michigan Infantry. As they read have them highlight battles, events and places that are mentioned in their
textbook.
11. Note that a roster of Oakland County soldiers serving in the 16th Infantry has been included in the
Supplemental Materials for reference.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research the Battle of Gettysburg at the following website: www.civilwar.org

Use the Internet or another resource to locate Gettysburg Monuments to other Michigan regiments.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7

Research one of the soldiers from the 16th Michigan Infantry who fought at Gettysburg.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 8 – From Holly to the Western Theater or Lesson 9 – The 10th Michigan
Infantry
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Map Resource #1
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Source: http://www.gettysburg.stonesentinels.com/MI/16MI.php
From the monument, "Regiment held this position during the afternoon and night of
July 2, 1863, and assisted in defeating the desperate attempts of the enemy to capture
Little Round Top. Present for duty 17 officers, 339 men total 356. Casualties: 3 officers
20 men killed, 2 officers 32 men wounded, 3 men missing. Total 60."
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Map Resource #2
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Source: http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soubor:Map_of_Gettysburg_Battlefield.png
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Report of Lieut. Col. Norval E. Welch, Sixteenth Michigan Infantry.
NEAR EMMITSBURG, MD.,
July 6, 1863.
LIEUTENANT: In reply to circular of this date from brigade headquarters, as to the part this regiment sustained in the
action of July 2 and 3, I have the honor to report:
The regiment, under my command, lay with the Third Brigade,
First Division, Fifth Corps, closed in mass, near and in rear of Gettysburg, to the left of the main road, during most of the
day. The brigade was commanded by Col. Strong Vincent, Eighty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers.
About 4 p. m. we moved rapidly to the extreme left of our line of battle, and went into position on the left of the brigade,
at that time circling the crest of a high rocky hill. After deploying two of my largest companies as skirmishers—Brady's
Sharpshooters from the left, and Company A from the right—I was ordered at double-quick to the right of the brigade,
and to take my position on the right of the Forty-fourth New York. Before this could be accomplished, we were under a
heavy fire of the enemy's infantry. We succeeded, however, in securing our places after some loss.
We remained in this position nearly half an hour, when some one (supposed to be General Weed or Major-General Sykes)
called from the extreme crest of the hill to fall back nearer the top, where a much less exposed line could be taken up. This
order was not obeyed, except by single individuals. From some misconstruction of orders, and entirely unwarrantable
assumption of authority, Lieutenant Kydd ordered the colors back. None left with them, however, but three of the colorguard. They followed the brigade colors to where Colonel Vincent, after being wounded, had been carried, where they
remained all night, joining the regiment in the morning with 45 men, who had left the field during and after the fight. All
the remainder of the regiment retained their position until relieved.
The two companies sent out as skirmishers numbered about 50. The number of muskets taken in line was about 150; the
number killed and wounded 59—21 killed.* Several wounded have since died.
On the 3d, we took up a new line farther to the right, at the left of the brigade, and remained on our arms for twenty-four
hours.
Captain Elliott and Adjutant Jacklin behaved with their usual gallantry. Captain Partridge, Lieutenants Borgman
(wounded), Woodruff, Forsyth, Cameron (wounded, with arm amputated), Swart, Graham, Salter, and Captain Chandler,
behaved nobly and handled their men with coolness and valor. Lieutenants Browne, Company E, Jewett, Company K, and
Borden, Company F, died, bravely defending the flag they had sworn to support and that they loved in their hearts, and
emulating the bravest. I had no truer or purer officers, and their loss cannot be replaced.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
N. E. WELCH,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Regiment.
Lieut. GEORGE B. HERENDEEN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
Source: http://www.civilwarreference.com/reports/detail.php?reportID=341
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
MICHIGAN REGIMENTS IN THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
I Corps
Division
Brigade


1st Brigade
First Division

BG Solomon Meredith
(w)
BG James S. Wadsworth
Col William W.
Robinson


II Corps
Division
Brigade

Second Division
BG John Gibbon
BG William Harrow
BG John Gibbon (w)
BG William Harrow
III Corps
Division

3rd Brigade

Col Norman J. Hall


Brigade

3rd Brigade

MG David B. Birney
BG J. H. Hobart Ward
Col P. Régis de
Trobriand


Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Regiments and Others
19th Massachusetts: Col Arthur F. Devereux, Ltc
Ansel D. Wass (w), Maj Edmund Rice (w)
20th Massachusetts: Col Paul J. Revere (mw), Ltc
George N. Macy (w), Cpt Henry L. Abbott
7th Michigan: Ltc Amos E. Steele (k), Jr, Maj
Sylvanus W. Curtis
42nd New York: Col James E. Mallon
59th New York (4 companies): Ltc Max A.
Thoman (mw), Cpt William McFadden
Regiments and Others

First Division
Regiments and Others
19th Indiana: Col Samuel J. Williams (w), Ltc
William W. Dudley (w), Maj John M. Lindley (w)
24th Michigan: Col Henry A. Morrow (w), Ltc
Mark Flanigan (w), Maj Edwin B. Wight (w), Cpt
Albert M. Edwards
2nd Wisconsin: Col Lucius Fairchild (w&c), Ltc
George H. Stevens (mw), Maj John Mansfield (w),
Cpt George H. Otis
6th Wisconsin: Ltc Rufus R. Dawes, Maj John F.
Hauser
7th Wisconsin: Col William W. Robinson, Ltc
John B. Callis (w&c), Maj Mark Finnicum (w)
17th Maine: Ltc Charles B. Merrill, Maj George
W. West
3rd Michigan: Col Byron R. Pierce (w), Ltc
Edwin S. Pierce, Maj Moses B. Houghton
5th Michigan: Ltc John Pulford (w), Maj Salmon
S. Matthews (w)
40th New York: Col Thomas W. Egan, Ltc
Augustus J. Warner (w)
110th Pennsylvania (6 companies): Ltc David M.
Jones (w), Maj Isaac Rogers
Page 10 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
V Corps
Division
Brigade



1st Brigade

Col William S. Tilton


First Division
2nd Brigade

BG James Barnes (w)
Col Jacob B. Sweitzer




3rd Brigade
Col Strong Vincent (mw)
Col James C. Rice
Cavalry Corps
Division

Regiments and Others
18th Massachusetts: Col Joseph Hayes (w)
22nd Massachusetts: Ltc Thomas Sherwin, Jr
1st Michigan: Col Ira C. Abbott (w), Ltc
William A. Throop (w)
118th Pennsylvania: Ltc James Gwyn, Maj
Charles P. Herring
9th Massachusetts Col Patrick R. Guiney
32nd Massachusetts: Col George L. Prescott
(w), Ltc Luther Stephenson, Jr. (w), Maj James
A. Cunningham
4th Michigan: Col Harrison H. Jeffords (mw),
Ltc George W. Lumbard
62nd Pennsylvania: Ltc James C. Hull, Maj
William G. Lowry (k)
20th Maine: Col Joshua L. Chamberlain (w)
16th Michigan Ltc Norval E. Welch
44th New York: Col James C. Rice, Ltc
Freeman Conner, Maj Edward B. Knox
83rd Pennsylvania: Cpt Orpheus S. Woodward
Brigade
Regiments and Others
2nd Brigade
Third Division
BG Judson Kilpatrick




1st Michigan: Col Charles H. Town
5th Michigan: Col Russell A. Alger
6th Michigan: Col George Gray
7th Michigan: (10 companies): Col William D.
Mann



9th Michigan Battery: Cpt Jabez J. Daniels
6th New York Battery: Cpt Joseph W. Martin
2nd United States, Batteries B and L: Lt Edward
Heaton
2nd United States, Battery M: Lt Alexander C. M.
Pennington, Jr.
4th United States, Battery E: Lt Samuel S. Elder
BG George A. Custer
1st Brigade
Horse Artillery

Cpt James M. Robertson

w = wounded
mw = mortally wounded
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
c = captured
k = killed in action
Page 11 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
The 16th Michigan Infantry – Major Events
1861
July to September Organized at Plymouth and Detroit, Mich. by Thomas B.W. Stockton, who had commanded the First
Michigan Volunteers in the Mexican War. Opposition to Stockton, who was a Democrat, by
Michigan's Governor Austin Blair caused Stockton to obtain permission to create the regiment
directly from the War Department. It received no state funding and was not initially given a state
numeric designation, taking the name "Stockton's Independent Regiment."
September 8
Eight companies mustered in at Camp Backus, Detroit under Colonel Stockton, Lieutenant Colonel
John V. Reuhle and Major Norval Welch.
September 14-15 The War Department ordered Governor Blair to immediately forward all organized regiments to
Washington, even if not completed.
September 16
After a review where a delegation of Detroit ladies presented the regiment with a flag emblazoned
"Stockton's Regiment," it left the state for Washington, D.C., on the steamers May Queen and City of
Cleveland with 761 men in eight companies.
September 17
The regiment landed at Cleveland and continued by train to Pittsburg. After eating, they continued
that night by rail to Harrisburg.
September 18
Arrived in Harrisburg and was joined by 83 additional recruits from another new Michigan regiment.
September 19-20 Travelled through Baltimore, where the regiment was greeted with flags and cheers, and arrived in
Washington, where they were posted to Camp Casey.
1862
March
Attached to 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; Advance on Manassas,
Va.
March 10
Moved to the Virginia Peninsula
April 5
Siege of Yorktown
May
Attached to 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac
May 27
Battle of Hanover Court House
June 26
Battles of Mechanicsville
June 27
Gaines' Mill
Captain Thomas Carr, Lieutenants Richard Williams and Byron McGraw and 46 enlisted men were
killed or mortally wounded, 6 officers and 110 enlisted men wounded, and Colonel Stockton, 1 other
officer and 53 men captured. Lt. Colonel Welch took command of the regiment.
July 1
Malvern Hill
The regiment lost 2 enlisted men killed, 1 officer and 36 enlisted men wounded, and 3 men missing
August 12
Colonel Stockton returned from Confederate captivity.
August 30
Battle of Bull Run
Commanded by Major Thomas Barry. Captain R. W. Ransom, Lieutenants Michael Chittick and John
Ruby and 13 enlisted men were killed, 4 officers and 59 enlisted men wounded and 17 men missing.
September 7
Colonel Stockton resumes command of the regiment, but is given command of the brigade due to
General Butterfield being ill
September 16-17 Battle of Antietam
Commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Norval E. Welch, the regiment was in a supporting position and
was not engaged.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 12 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
September October
At Sharpsburg
December 12-15
Battle of Fredericksburg
The regiment lost 3 killed, 30 wounded and 8 missing
December 29-30
Expedition from Potomac Creek to Richards and Ellis Fords, Rappahannock River
1863
April 27-May 6
Chancellorsville Campaign
May 1-5
Battle of Chancellorsville
The regiment lost 1 killed and 6 wounded
May 18
Lt. Colonel Welch promoted to colonel after Colonel Stockton's resignation
June 21
Middleburg and Upperville
Captain Judd Mott was mortally wounded, and 9 enlisted men were wounded. The regiment captured
a Confederate Blakely Gun and 19 men
July 1-3
Battle of Gettysburg
The Regiment was commanded at Gettysburg by Lieutenant Colonel Norval E. Welch. Lieutenants
Butler, Brown, William Borden and Wallace Jewett were killed or mortally wounded.
July 5-24
Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va
November 1
In camp near Three Mile Station on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad. It was calculated the regiment
marched 800 miles since the previous November 1st
November 7
Rappahannock Station
Commanded by Major Elliott, the regiment lost 3 men wounded
November 26December 2
Mine Run Campaign
Commanded by Colonel Welch, the regiment guarded the wagon trains
December 24
The regiment reenlisted 294 men and was re-mustered into service for the duration of the war.
1864
Jan 2 – Feb. 17
Veterans return to Michigan on furlough
January 9
The regiment reached Detroit
February 9
Reported at Saginaw to return to service
May 5-7
Battle of the Wilderness
Commanded by Major R. T. Ellott
May 7
Second Day of the Battle of the Wilderness
The regiment lost 35 casualties
May 8
Laurel Hill
The regiment made a forced march in the morning and was then attacked while crossing a dense
swamp. It lost a handful of men but captured a Confederate colonel and a large number of the
enemy
May 12-21
Spottsylvania Court House
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 13 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
May 28-31
Totopotomoy
Major Robert Elliott was killed commanding the regiment, and Captain George Swan took over.
June 1-12
Cold Harbor
June 16-18
Before Petersburg. Colonel Welch resumes command.
June 16
Siege of Petersburg begins
September 29October 2
Poplar Springs Church, Peeble's Farm
Colonel Welch was killed leading a charge over the enemy's breastworks. Nine other men were killed
and 42 were wounded. Major Partidge took over the regiment despite having been wounded three
times.
1865
February 5-7
Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run
Commanded by Colonel Partidge
March 28-April 9 Appomattox Campaign
April 3-9
Pursuit of Lee
April 9
Appomattox Court House; Surrender of Lee and his army.
May 3-12
March to Washington, D.C.
May 23
Grand Review
June 16-22
Moved to Louisville, Ky., then to Jeffersonville, Ind.
July 8
Mustered out under Colonel Benjamin Partidge
Source: http://civilwarintheeast.com/USA/MI/16MI.php
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 14 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Oakland County Soldiers in the 16th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry
Sharpshooters, 1st Company
Schaffee, William, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Detroit December 2, 1861, age 24.
Joined regiment at Hall’s Hill, Virginia February 14, 1862. Discharged for disability at Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania January 12, 1863.
Sharpshooters, 2nd Company
Burey, Burns, John, private – enlisted at Bloomfield May 2, 1864, age 19. Promoted Sergeant.
Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Cameron, Hugh, private – enlisted at Bloomfield March 21, 1864, age 22. Absent sick September 6, 1864. No
further record.
Crossey, Allan, private – enlisted at Bloomfield May 2, 1864, age 18. Mustered out at
Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Flannery, John, private – enlisted at Bloomfield March 27, 1864, age 45. Deserted June 27, 1864.
Martin, John, private – enlisted at Bloomfield April 28, 1864, age 28. Promoted Corporal.
Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Company B
Allen, Joseph, private – from Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Milford October 19, 1861, age 20. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Wounded in the right
arm. Discharged at Washington, D.C. November 12, 1862. Resided at Milford, Michigan ca. 1904.
Anderson, John, private – from Milford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Milford October 19, 1861, age 25. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Deserted at Detroit,
Michigan March 24, 1862.
Atkinson, William, private – enlisted at Milford October 21, 1861, age 20. Transferred to
Company I February 28, 1862. Deserted at Detroit, Michigan March 24, 1862.
Banks, William H., musician – from Walled Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Walled
Lake November 20, 1861, age 23. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Discharged November
23, 1864. Resided at Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1890.
Clark, Robert B., corporal – from Milford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Milford October 22, 1861, age 21. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Wounded June 27,
1862. Discharged for disability November 30, 1862.
Ferrigan (Fenigan), John, private – from White Lake Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Milford October 22, 1861. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Wounded May 1862.
Reenlisted at Rappahannock Station, Virginia December 22, 1863. Promoted Sergeant. Wounded May
7, 1864. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant July 7, 1865. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Fisher, Anson B., sergeant – from Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Commerce October 29, 1861, age 21. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Discharged
December 18, 1862.
Hagar, Harvey, private – from Walled Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Walled Lake
December 30, 1861, age 24. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Discharged at Detroit,
Michigan January 16, 1865.
McRoberts, William H., private – from Milford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted
at Milford October 19, 1861, age 18. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Wounded July 14,
1863. Promoted Corporal. Killed at Petersburg, Virginia June 20, 1864.
Morgan (Maguire), James, private – enlisted as substitute for Jesse Nichols at Bloomfield
February 25, 1865, age 28. Deserted at Louisville, Kentucky June 27, 1865.
Palmer, William, private – from Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Milford October 19, 1861, age 23. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Promoted Corporal.
Discharged for disability March 27, 1863.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 15 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Provee, Felix, private – from Walled Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Walled Lake
October 28, 1861, age 26. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Wounded June 27, 1862.
Discharged at Fortress Monroe, Virginia October 8, 1862.
Smith, Henry F., private – enlisted as substitute for Isaac Elwell at Oxford February 24, 1865, age
Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Thomas, John J., private – from Farmington Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted as
substitute for Travis Shaw at Bloomfield February 17, 1865, age 28. Deserted at Washington, D.C. June
15, 1865.
White, Daniel, private – from West Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted
at Walled Lake November 21, 1861, age 19. Transferred to Company I February 28, 1862. Killed at
Manassas, Virginia August 30, 1862.
Company C
Bailey, Virgil A., private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Ashley Potter August 1864, age 18.
Promoted Corporal April 1, 1865. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865. Resided at
Hadley, Michigan ca. 1904.
Barren, George, private – enlisted at Groveland Township as substitute for Israel S. Brid March
13, 1865, age 18. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Bowlby, William, private – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Detroit August 9, 1861, age 41. Discharged for disability at Alexandria, Virginia April 14, 1863.
Denny, William (James), private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Hiram Paddock February
21, 1865, age 18. Deserted at Jeffersonville, Indiana June 26, 1865.
Goodall, Edwin (Edward), private – from Birmingham, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Detroit August 17, 1861, age 21. Died of disease at Hall’s Hill, Virginia January 2, 1862.
Henry, Williams (Henry Williams), private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Joseph A. Durkee
March 3, 1865, age 20. Died of disease at Washington, D.C. June 16, 1865.
Pulver, Byron, private – from Jackson County, Michigan. Enlisted as substitute for Elisha Bird at
Brandon February 8, 1865, age 18. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865. Resided at
Jackson, Michigan ca. 1904.
Company D
Amos, Jacob, private – from Detroit, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac March 28, 1865, age 18.
Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Oakley, James O., private – from Canton Township, Wayne County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland as substitute for John Powers March 28, 1865, age 19. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana
July 8, 1865. Resided in Columbia Township, Tuscola County, Michigan in 1890.
Company E
Gibbs, George G., private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Avon
February 11, 1864, age 18. Wounded June 1, 1864. Discharged for disability at Washington, D.C. June
3, 1865.
Gibbs, Jonah H. (Josiah), private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Pontiac February 17, 1864, age 18. Promoted Corporal May 17, 1865. Mustered out at Jeffersonville,
Indiana July 8, 1865.
Gibbs, Oramill, private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
February 13, 1864, age 50. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Hatton, George, private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Thomas S. Skinner March 3, 1865,
age 32. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Company F
Ewing, Robert L., private – enlisted at Pontiac February 10, 1864, age 19. Promoted Corporal
May 1, 1865. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Lutenbatcher, Joseph, private – from Farmington Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted
at Farmington August 28, 1861, age 23. Killed at Gaines Mill, Virginia June 27, 1862.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 16 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Company G
Ford, James, private – enlisted at Bloomfield as substitute for Spencer B. Gray February 17, 1865,
age 19. Deserted at Jeffersonville, Indiana June 27, 1865.
Hughes, Thomas, private – enlisted at Bloomfield as substitute for Lucien D. Jenks February 16,
1865, age 40. Deserted May 17, 1865.
Company H
Cowles, Elias Jr., private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland as substitute for Anson W. Baker February 20, 1865, age 19. Mustered out at Jeffersonville,
Indiana July 8, 1865.
Potter, William, private – enlisted as substitute for Norton J. McHenry at Bloomfield February 21,
1865, age 20. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Quackenbush, Sylvester W., private – from Rochester, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Detroit August 31, 1861, age 25. Discharged for disability at Georgetown, D.C. April 24, 1862.
Reenlisted in Company E, 12th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry at Niles March 17, 1864. Mustered
out at Camden, Arkansas February 15, 1866. Resided in Fenton Township, Genesee County, Michigan
in 1890.
Smith, James, private – enlisted as substitute for Richard D. W. Pelton at Holly February 27, 1865,
age 25. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Terry, Francis, private – enlisted as substitute for James Harrison at Springfield February 17,
1865, age 23. Deserted June 26, 1865.
Van Horn, Cornelius, private – from Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
November 7, 1861, age 19. Wounded at Manassas, Virginia August 30, 1862. Arm amputated.
Discharged at Washington, D.C. February 23, 1863.
Van Wagoner, George H., private – from Goodland Township, Lapeer County, Michigan.
Enlisted as substitute for Samuel Green at Holly February 16, 1865, age 23. Mustered out at
Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Company I
Barrett, Cornelius S., private – from Walled Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Walled
Lake March 3, 1862, age 21. Discharged for disability December 23, 1862. Resided in Charlotte
Township, Eaton County, Michigan in 1890.
Burrett (Barrett), Daniel, private – enlisted at Walled Lake March 3, 1862, age 19. Dropped from
rolls October 7, 1862.
Graham, John, private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Charles W. Love February 18, 1865,
age 22. Dropped from rolls at Washington, D.C. June 1, 1865.
Harlin (Hevlin), Isaac, private – enlisted at Highland as substitute for Thomas Piersons February
27, 1865, age 20. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Howard, William H., private – enlisted at Bloomfield as substitute for Daniel Whitefield February
21, 1865, age 25. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Laurence, Stephen H., private – enlisted at Independence as substitute for Guy W. Selden
February 18, 1865, age 18. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
McGraw, Byron, 2nd Lieutenant – from Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Fort
Wayne as sergeant in Company D, 5th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry June 19, 1861, age 22.
Promoted 1st Sergeant November 1, 1861. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant Company I, 16th Regiment
Michigan Volunteer Infantry March 22, 1862. Wounded at Gaines Mill, Virginia June 27, 1862. Died of
wounds at Savage Station, Virginia June 30, 1862.
Smith, John, private – enlisted as substitute for Henry J. Love at Pontiac February 27, 1865, age
18 . Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 8, 1865.
Weaver, Frank, corporal – from Walled Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Walled
Lake March 1, 1862, age 25. Killed at Gaines Mill, Virginia June 27, 1862.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 17 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Whitney, George, private – from Commerce Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Walled Lake March 1, 1862, age 22. Captured and paroled July 1863. Discharged for disability
December 1863.
Company K
Campbell, Angus, private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute for Jerome Paddock February 23,
1865, age 19. Mustered out at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 8, 1865.
Source: Bacak-Egbo, Carol; Hawkins, Bruce; Stamps, Richard. Roster of Soldiers Enlisted or Drafted from Oakland County Who
Served in Michigan Civil War Regiments. A Civil War Sesquicentennial Project of t
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 18 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Lesson 8: From Holly to the Western Theater
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Transportation during the Civil War Era
 The ‘Western Theater” during the War
 Battle of Shiloh (Pittsburg Landing)
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students use a primary source and maps to investigate the journey of the 10th Michigan Infantry
as they traveled from a train station in Holly, Michigan to Tennessee. As a culminating activity, students write a
diary entry from the perspective of an Oakland County soldier in the regiment.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P1.1
Use close and critical reading strategies to read and analyze texts pertaining to social science; attend to
nuance, make connections to prior knowledge, draw inferences, and determine main idea and supporting
details.
K1.7
Integrate concepts from at least two different social studies disciplines.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of
the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
Lesson Sequence
1. Beginning in Holly, Michigan trace the route of the Detroit and Milwaukee Railroad through Oakland County
on the map. Note that a graphic of a section of the map showing the railroad has been included as a “Map
Resource” in the Supplemental Materials.
2. Review the material in Lesson 3 which described the dinner served to one thousand soldiers in Holly who
had come to the small, rural community to catch the train for Detroit. Note that the map shows train tracks
labeled “Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad” heading north out of Holly because an 1872 map was used as
the baseline for the map. These tracks were not there in 1862. That is the reason the 10th regiment was
transported to Holly by wagons.
3. Give each student a copy of the text describing the journey of the 10th Infantry from Holly to Tennessee and
the Activity Sheet accompany the text. Have students carefully read the text and then complete the Activity
Sheet. Note that it would be helpful to provide students with an atlas or a United States map so they can
trace the journey of the 10th Infantry. Note that an “Answer Sheet” for this activity has been included in the
Supplemental Materials.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
4. When students have completed the text activity discuss the text using the following questions:
 What were some of the challenges in transporting soldiers during the Civil War?
 The vast majority of soldiers in the 10th Infantry had never been out of Michigan… many had
never been out of their own county. In what ways do you think this impacted them on their
journey?
5. As a culminating activity have students write a diary entry for one of the dates listed in the text used in Step
3. Have them write from the perspective of an Oakland County soldier.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research the early history of the Detroit and Milwaukee Railroad.

Research the Battle of Shiloh (Pittsburg Landing)
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 9 – The 10th Michigan Infantry
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Map Resource #1
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
ON BOARD AND MOVING.
After as little delay as possible, we were on board the train and, amid the cheers, farewells, and tears of friends, the train
moved us out and on. Stopped a few minutes at Pontiac, and found a goodly company of our acquaintances gathered
there to greet us. Stopped at Royal Oak, and waited some time for a train due soon… Nothing of note happened until we
reached Detroit, at 9 o'clock p.m. Here we left the cars to march to the Central Depot, while the train backed to the
Junction and came down to meet us there… We were obliged to wait at the depot until 11 o'clock p. M., when we again
got under way, passing through in the night.
APRIL 23. Daylight found us at Marshall, where we stopped half an hour, and drew rations of smoked hams and crackers.
At 7 o'clock A. M., moved on, arrived at Kalamazoo at twenty minutes past 8 o'clock A. M., waited one hour for a train
which was coming, and then moved on again… At New Buffalo we first came in sight of Lake Michigan. The dreary
sandhills of this place were strangely in contrast with the scenery which we had been passing all along. The next point of
interest was Michigan City, where we arrived at 1 o'clock P. M., and were treated to hot coffee by the barrel. Left this
place at 2 P. M., and soon entered a broad prairie, the first which many of us had ever seen. We soon came to the
junction of the Illinois Central Railroad, and, taking that railroad, made Kankakee Station just at dark.
APRIL 24. Morning, made Mattoon, at which place we drew rations of bread and waited a train again. Here we bought all
the eatables that we could find at the bakeries, and were not satisfied at that…Took the Terra Haute and St. Louis
Railroad, run through several small stations, and arrived at Bunker Hill (no hill at all) at 1 o'clock p. M., halted only about
twenty minutes. Here we left the prairie and passed through some good farming country. Arrived at Illinois town*, opposite
St. Louis, at 7 o'clock p. M., marched to the Gladiator, and took our places right wing on the hurricane deck, left wing on
the middle and lower decks, and the sick in the cabin. We now found that we were not to go to St. Louis, but that an order
had been received for us to go to Pittsburg Landing instead… 4 o'clock P. M. on the next day, we loosed our hold and
were off for the scene of action.
EXCITEMENT.
We arrived at Cairo, Illinois, at 12 o'clock and 20 minutes, April 26th. Here exciting rumors said that a fight was going on
at Pittsburg Landing at that time ; that boats were being fired into by guerrillas a little above Cairo ; that our whole force
was engaged, etc…
APRIL 27. Weather clear, as it had been most of the time since our starting. Trees leaved out and spring time all about
us. Passed a dead body of a soldier floating in the river at half-past 8 o'clock A. M., and a body dressed in citizen's clothes
at 11 o'clock A. M. At half-past 11 o'clock passed Fort Henry, now a desolate looking place.
APRIL 28. Moved up the river with no ill fortune, passing many interesting, and many desolate scenes. Landed at
Hamburg, Tennessee, four miles above Pittsburg Landing, at 6 o'clock P. M., and remained on board the Gladiator until
morning.
APRIL 29. This morning, when daylight appeared, a mixed mass of Tennessee mud, cavalry men, foot soldiers, mules,
transport wagons, ambulances, etc., met our gaze, the whole presenting a most lamentably ludicrous scene. We left the
boat at 8 o'clock A. M., and marched toward the front through mud and water, and over mortar-mixed roads, at times
wading almost waist deep. Indeed, our first introduction to marching was marching almost leg deep through a sort of
bayou, caused by high water. We thought it rather rough, and, loaded as we were with heavy knapsacks, it proved so, too.
*East St. Louis
Source: http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofformati00heweiala/historyofformati00heweiala_djvu.txt
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
ACTIVITY SHEET
List the different modes of transportation described in the text:
List the cities and states the 10th Michigan Infantry passed through on their way to the front
Cities the 10th passed through
What state is the city in?
List the three rivers the 10th Michigan Infantry would have had to travel on:
Summarize the text in three to five sentences:
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
ACTIVITY SHEET – Answer Sheet
List the different modes of transportation described in the text:
Wagons
Railroad
Marching/walking (feet)
Boat
List the cities and states the 10th Michigan Infantry passed through on their way to the front
Cities the 10th passed through
Pontiac
Royal Oak
Detroit
Marshall
Kalamazoo
New Buffalo
Michigan City
Kankakee
Mattoon
Bunker Hill
East St. Louis
Cairo
Hamburg
What state is the city in?
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Indiana
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Tennessee
List the three rivers the 10th Michigan Infantry would have had to travel on:
Mississippi
Ohio
Tennessee
Summarize the text in three to five sentences:
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 7
Grade 8 Lesson 7
Lesson 9: The 10th Michigan Infantry
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Characteristics of Civil War soldiers
 Organization of the Civil War Armies
 Army of the Cumberland
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students explore the regimental history of the 10th Michigan Infantry and make generalizations
about Civil War soldiers by analyzing a roster of Oakland County soldiers in the regiment.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P1.1
Use close and critical reading strategies to read and analyze texts pertaining to social science; attend to
nuance, make connections to prior knowledge, draw inferences, and determine main idea and supporting
details.
P2.3
Know how to find and organize information from a variety of sources, analyze, interpret, support
interpretations with evidence, critically evaluate, and present the information orally and in writing.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g. sequentially, comparatively, causally).
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the text box on the map near the community of Holly (northwest corner of Oakland County) or
display the graphic of the text box included here in the Supplemental Materials for the lesson. Remind
students that as they learned in Lesson 3 and 8 the 10th Michigan Infantry traveled from Holly to Detroit and
then on to Tennessee.
2. Give each student copies of the two-page regimental history of the 10th Michigan Infantry and the
“Summarizing Chart” included in the Supplemental Materials. Explain that students should read the text
information and then summarize it by completing the chart. Note that you may want to refer back to a
similar chart describing the history of the 16th Michigan Infantry included in Lesson 7. Note that a “Sample
Completed Chart” has also been included in the Supplemental Materials for you to use for reference.
3. Encourage students to highlight dates and events as they read the text. This will aid them in creating the
summary charts.
4. Give students time to read the text and complete the chart. Then, discuss the text using the following
questions:
 How does the text present information?
 What are some strengths of the text?
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9

What are some weaknesses?
5. For the second part of the lesson, divide the class into 8 groups, one for each of the companies included in
the roster of “Oakland County Soldiers in the 10th Regiment.” Note that Company C has been left out of this
lesson. This is because this company had a very large number of Oakland County soldiers and a lesson
has been devoted to this company by itself.
6. Give each of the groups the part of the roster for their Company. Have groups read the descriptive
information about the soldiers in their assigned Company and prepare a short summary of the Company to
present to the class. Note that this could include the following:
 Youngest enlistee
 Oldest enlistee
 Communities the soldiers were from
 Number of soldiers in the Company who returned home after the war.
 Unique information such as ‘died of accidental wounds’
7. Give students time to prepare their summary and then have each group present to the whole class. As
each group presents guide students in identifying commonalities and differences among the soldiers in the
various companies. When all the groups have presented guide students in creating generalizations about
Civil War soldiers. Note that a possible generalization is that soldiers tended to enlist between the ages of
18 and 25.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research one of the soldiers in the10th Michigan Infantry who was from your, or a nearby, community.

Contact your local historical society and inquire about information on 10th Infantry soldiers from your
community.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 10 – The Orion Union Guard
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
10th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry
The Tenth Infantry was organized at Flint and was completed in February 1862. It was composed of the following local
companies: "Byron Guard" of Byron, "Saginaw Rangers" of Saginaw, "Orion Union Guard" of Orion, "Sanilac Pioneers" of
Sanilac, "Scarrett Guard" of Port Huron, "Holt Guard" of Almont, "Lum Guard" of Memphis, "McClellan Guard" of Pontiac,
"Genesee Rangers" of Flint, and "Dickerson Guard" of Hillsdale. The regiment was mustered into the U.S. service
February 6, 1862 with an enrollment of 997 officers and men.
The regiment left the state April 22, 1862, under command of Colonel Charles M. Lum and joined the army under General
Halleck at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, and was assigned to the 2nd Brigade, General Pope's Division. The tenth was in
the presence of the enemy the moment it reached its destination and at once commenced a series of marches and
skirmishes that occupied every day together with the hard work of building trenches and fortifications. When the
confederates retreated from Corinth, the tenth went into camp at that place, where it remained until June 20, enjoying a
much needed rest, when it was ordered to Tuscumbia, Alabama. Detachments of the regiment were sent out from this
place to occupy certain positions and act as provost guard.
In September, the tenth marched to Nashville, where it was engaged in building fortifications, taking part in
reconnaissances, guarding trains, suffering severely on account of short rations. The regiment was then assigned to the
1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland.
During the winter the regiment was constantly on duty and made many and long marches, but met with no serious losses
in battle. It had frequent contacts with the enemy while guarding trains and lost a number of men in these engagements.
In September 1863 the regiment was at Bridgeport, Alabama and crossed the Tennessee River near Chattanooga and
was at Chickamauga Station the 26th. It was constantly in motion, occupying a number of towns during the summer and
fall.
The regiment veteranized at Rossville, 335 men reenlisting the 6th of February 1864, with the expectation of going home
for a 30 days' furlough. While anticipating such a pleasant event orders were received for the regiment to move with the
army in a general advance toward Dalton, Georgia.
At Buzzard's Roost, February 25, the enemy was found strongly fortified and the tenth was pushed forward upon the
confederate works and met a storm of grape and canister, causing a loss of 13 killed, 35 wounded and 17 missing, a total
loss of 65.
The following month the regiment returned to Michigan arriving at Detroit March 11 and was furloughed for 30 days. May
11 the tenth was back in Chattanooga and commenced the Georgia Campaign marching by way of Dalton and Kenesaw
Mountain, crossing the Chattahoochie River the 17th and taking part in the siege of Atlanta.
The tenth was a part of General Sherman's army and participated in the march from "Atlanta to the Sea," and after a
number of skirmishes with the enemy arrived before Savannah December 11 and when that city fell the tenth encamped
there until January 20, 1865, when it started with the balance of the army on the Campaign of the Carolinas.
The tenth crossed the Savannah River at Sister's Ferry February 6 and was engaged with the enemy at Fayetteville,
North Carolina March 11 and crossed the Cape Fear river on the 12th.
The regiment skirmished heavily with the enemy at Averysboro, North Carolina the 16th and fought a Battle at Bentonville
the 19th. The tenth then marched on Raleigh and reached Goldsboro on the 23rd. The line of march was then continued
to Richmond, Virginia as that city had fallen into the hands of the Union troops at the surrender of General Lee. On the
10th of May 1865, the regiment marched to Washington, D.C., where it took part in the grand review with General
Sherman's army on the 24th.
The regiment then in command of Colonel Dunphy, started for Louisville, Kentucky where it was mustered out of service
July 19, 1865 and returned to Jackson, Michigan the 22nd and on the 1st of August was paid off and disbanded.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Battles and Skirmishes in which the 10th Michigan Infantry were engaged:
Farmington, Mississippi (May 9, 1862)
Siege of Corinth, Mississippi (May 10-31, 1862)
Boonville, Mississippi (June 1, 1862)
Nashville, Tennessee (November 5, 1862)
Stones River, Tennessee (December 29 and 31, 1862 and January 2-3, 1863)
Lavergne, Tennessee (January 25, 1863)
Antioch, Tennessee (April 10, 1863)
Missionary Ridge, Georgia (November 24, 1863)
Chickamauga, Georgia (November 26, 1863)
Ringgold, Georgia (November 27, 1863)
Buzzard's Roost, Georgia (February 25, 1864)
Resaca, Georgia (May 15, 1864)
Rome, Georgia (May 18, 1864)
Dallas, Georgia (May 28, 1864)
Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia (June 27, 1864)
Chattahoochee River, Georgia (July 6, 1864)
Peach Tree Creek, Georgia (July 19, 1864)
Durrant's Mill, Georgia (July 20-21, 1864)
Siege of Atlanta (July 22-August 25, 1864)
Sandtown Road, Georgia (August 14, 1864)
Red Oak Turnout, Georgia (August 27, 1864)
Rough and Ready, Georgia (August 30, 1864)
Jonesboro, Georgia (September 1, 1864)
Florence, Alabama (October 6, 1864)
Louisville, Georgia (November 30, 1864)
Savannah, Georgia (December 11-21, 1864)
Averysboro, North Carolina (March 16, 1865)
Smithfield Roads, North Carolina (March 18, 1865)
Bentonville, North Carolina (March 19-20, 1865)
ORGANIZATION
Organized at Flint, Mich., and mustered in February 6, 1862.
Left State for Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. April 22, 1862
Attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Army of the Mississippi to September, 1862.
2nd Brigade, 13th Division, Army of the Ohio to November, 1862.
1st Brigade, 4th Division, Center 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland to January, 1863.
1st Brigade, 4th Division, 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland to June, 1863.
1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Reserve Corps, Army of the Cumberland to October, 1863.
2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 14th Army Corps to July, 1865.
Total Enrollment
Killed in Action
Died of Wounds
Died in Confederate Prisons
Died of Disease
Discharged from Wounds
Total Casualty Rate
1514
62
26
9
86
178
23.8%
Source: http://www.michiganinthewar.org/infantry/10thinf.htm
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Summarizing the History of the 10th Michigan Infantry
1862
Date(s)
Feb. 6
April 22
May
June 20
September
Winter
Event
Mustered into serviced at Flint, Michigan
Left the state for Tennessee
At Corinth, Mississippi
Ordered to Tuscumbia, Alabama
Marched to Nashville
Constantly on duty and many long marches
1863
September
Bridgeport, Alabama
September 26 At Chickamauga Station
1864
Feb 6
Feb. 25
March
May 11
May 17
Dec. 11
Veteranized at Rossville
Battle of Buzzard’s Roost
Returned to Michigan on furlough
In Chattanooga
Crossed the Chattahoochie River and took part in the siege of Atlanta
At Savannah until Jan, 1865
1865
Jan.
Feb. 6
March 11
March 12
March 16
March 19
May 10
May 24
July 19
July 22
th
August 1
Campaign of the Carolinas.
Crossed the Savannah River at Sister’s Ferry
Battle at Fayetteville,, North Carolina
Crossed the Cape Fear River
Skirmished heavily with the enemy at Averysboro, North Carolina
Battle of Bentonville
Marched to Washington, D.C.
Took part in the Grand Review with General Sherman’s Army
Mustered out of service
Returned to Jackson, Michigan
Paid off and disbanded
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Summarizing the History of the 10th Michigan Infantry
Sample Completed Chart
1862
Date(s)
Feb. 6
April 22
May
June 20
September
Winter
Event
Mustered into serviced at Flint, Michigan
Left the state for Tennessee
At Corinth, Mississippi
Ordered to Tuscumbia, Alabama
Marched to Nashville
Constantly on duty and many long marches
1863
September
Bridgeport, Alabama
September 26 At Chickamauga Station
1864
Feb 6
Feb. 25
March
May 11
May 17
Dec. 11
Veteranized at Rossville
Battle of Buzzard’s Roost
Returned to Michigan on furlough
In Chattanooga
Crossed the Chattahoochie River and took part in the siege of Atlanta
At Savannah until Jan, 1865
1865
Jan.
Feb. 6
March 11
March 12
March 16
March 19
March 23
May 10
May 24
July 19
July 22
August 1
Campaign of the Carolinas.
Crossed the Savannah River at Sister’s Ferry
Battle at Fayetteville,, North Carolina
Crossed the Cape Fear River
Skirmished heavily with the enemy at Averysboro, North Carolina
Battle of Bentonville
Reached Goldsboro, Georgia
Marched to Washington, D.C.
Took part in the Grand Review with General Sherman’s Army
Mustered out of service
Returned to Jackson, Michigan
Paid off and disbanded
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Oakland County Soldiers in the 10th Regiment
Michigan Volunteer Infantry
Company A
Chamberlin, Phillip, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Byron October 21, 1861, age 43.
Discharged for disability at Columbus, Ohio August 5, 1862.
Cowles, Edward D., private – from Birmingham, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint
November 5, 1861, age 18. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Sergeant
Major May 22, 1865. Discharged at Louisville, Kentucky July 1, 1865. Resided at Saginaw, Michigan ca.
1904.
Harris, George, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Richmond November 1, 1861, age
42. Deserted at Chattanooga, Tennessee December 23, 1863.
Putnam, Frederick, private – enlisted at Pontiac December 21, 1863, age 18. Joined regiment at
Rossville, Georgia February 2, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Rice, Charles P., private – from Orion. Enlisted at Byron October 12, 1861, age 22. Reenlisted
at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864, age 22. Promoted 1st Sergeant. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant
June 7, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Died December 22, 1893.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company B
Allen, Alexander H., private – from Holly. Enlisted at Holly October 28, 1861, age 24.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant June 7, 1865. No
further record
.
Cowl (Cowel), Charles, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint January 9, 1862, age
20. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Cummings, Franklin M., private – from Genesee County. Enlisted at Holly October 28, 1861,
age 18. Discharged for disability at Gallatin, Tennessee February 14, 1863.
Dawn, Robert, private – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint
January 27, 1862, age 34. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps December 15, 1863.
Gibbs, Robert I., private – from Rochester, Avon Township, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint January
9, 1862, age 24. Died of disease at Jackson, Tennessee November 10, 1862. Buried in Corinth National
Cemetery.
Herriman, John B., private – from Fentonville. Enlisted at Holly October 28, 1861, age 22. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Georgia July 21, 1864.
Kelsey, Lewis D., private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint January 9, 1862, age 20. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Redfield, Benjamin B., 1st Lieutenant – from Orion. Commissioned at Orion October 1, 1861, age 48. Resigned
and honorably discharged June 2, 1862.
Turner, Albert, private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Pontiac October 28, 1861, age 18. Died of disease at
Farmington, Mississippi June 13, 1862. Buried in Corinth National Cemetery, grave 2497.
Van Every, Samuel, private – from Holly. Enlisted at Holly October 26, 1861, age 42.
Discharged for disability at Detroit August 25, 1862.
Vanhoose (Van Hoosan), Nathan, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint January 9,
1862, age 24. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Van Patten, Henry, private – from Oakland. Enlisted at Saginaw September 9, 1861, age 30.
Discharged February 2, 1865. Died Richmond Township, Osceola County, Michigan
April 17, 1893.
Vosburgh, Ralph, private – from Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Holly October 20, 1861, age 23. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Captured at
Bentonville, North Carolina March 19, 1865. Paroled. Discharged at Detroit, Michigan June 8, 1865.
Resided at Flint, Michigan ca. 1904.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 10 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company D
Allen, John J., private – enlisted at Pontiac September 29, 1864, age 21. Joined regiment at
Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Campbell, Peter, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 29, 1864. Joined regiment at Atlanta,
Georgia November 15, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. July 11, 1865.
Cowles, Sylvester D., 2nd Lieutenant – from Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan. Commissioned
at Fort Wayne June 19, 1861, age 26. Commissioned Adjutant November 8, 1861. Killed while on picket
at Farmington, Mississippi May 26, 1862.
Craft (Croft), John S., private – from Oakwood. Enlisted at Pontiac September 6, 1864. Joined
regiment February 16, 1865. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865
.
Ellsworth, Amos L., private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint
December 7, 1861, age 31. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Corporal.
Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Frestle, Alonzo, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 29, 1864, age 28. Joined regiment at
Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Gokey (Jokey), Leander, private – from Forester, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
September 29, 1864, age 19. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864.
Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Goodell, Thomas, private – enlisted at Pontiac February 29, 1864, age 21. Joined regiment
February 28, 1864. Discharged at Louisville, Kentucky June 13, 1865. Resided at Carsonville, Michigan
ca. 1904.
Hewes, Fletcher W., private – promoted sergeant Company C. Commissioned 1st Lieutenant,
Company D, May 8, 1865
Hollenshed, William, private – from Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted
at Pontiac October 15, 1864, age 20. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
King, John, private – from Forester. Enlisted at Pontiac September 29, 1864, age 27. Joined
regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Resided at Brownstown Township, Wayne County, Michigan in 1890.
Martindale, Charles, private – from Port Sanilac, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
September 24, 1864, age 32. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864.
Discharged at Washington, D.C. July 12, 1865.
Nelson, John H., private – from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
March 29, 1864, age 44. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided in Au Sable
Township, Iosco County, Michigan in 1890.
Parker, William, private – from Lexington, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
September 29, 1864, age 26. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864.
Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Rockwood, Elijah, private – from Lexington, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
September 29, 1864, age 28. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864.
Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865. Resided in Alcona or Iosco County in 1890.
Washer, John, private – from Forester, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September
29, 1864, age 20. Joined regiment at Chattanooga October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C.
June 12, 1865. Resided at Flat Rock, Michigan ca. 1904.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 11 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company E
Graham, John, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 29, 1864, age 21. Joined regiment at
Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Hanna, William H., private – from Ingham County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 29,
1864, age 25. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at
Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Lawrie, John, private – enlisted at Pontiac December 1, 1864, age 24. Joined regiment at
Goldsboro, North Carolina April 10, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Smith, Stanley G., private – from Flint. Enlisted at Pontiac March 28, 1864, age 26. Mustered
out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 12 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company F
Brooks, Joseph, private – from Holly Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted February 7,
1862. Died of disease at Jeffersonville, Indiana July 15, 1864. Buried in New Albany National Cemetery,
grave 871.
Cady, John, private – from Independence Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Independence November 18, 1861, age 24. Died of disease at St. Louis, Missouri June 3, 1862. Buried
in Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery, Section 53, grave 947.
Clark, Levi C., private – from Almont, Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February
29, 1864, age 38. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Edwards, John, private – from Holly Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Independence December 8, 1861, age 31. Absent sick in hospital September 1862 to September 1864.
Died June 11, 1895. Buried at Mt. Morris, Michigan.
Fletcher, John S., sergeant – from Clarkston, Independence Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Waterford November 21, 1861, age 36. Promoted 1st Sergeant 1862. Reenlisted at
Detroit March 22, 1864. No further record.
France, William A., corporal – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Independence November 8,
1861, age 22. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Died of disease at Detroit, Michigan
March 31, 1865. Buried at Detroit, Michigan.
Frink, Lucius E., private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February 22, 1864,
age 23. Absent on furlough at muster out of regiment.
Havens, Thomas B., private – from Dryden. Enlisted at Pontiac December 28, 1863, age 22.
Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Hopkins (Haskins), James W., private – from Independence Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February 2, 1864, age 30. Admitted to Harper hospital March 30, 1865.
Discharged at Detroit June 21, 1865.
Leonard, Barney, private – from Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
January 25, 1864, age 18. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Mulkins (Malkin), William, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Lapeer December 13,
1861, age 31. Died of disease at Farmington, Mississippi July 16, 1862. Buried at Corinth National
Cemetery, grave 2580.
Mundy, James E., private – from Waterford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Waterford December 8, 1861, age 20. Absent without leave June 1865. No further record.
Packer, Theodore, private – from Lynn Township, St. Clair County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
March 24, 1864, age 19. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Palmer, Anthony, private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Tyrone February 26, 1864, age 41. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided at
Avondale, Michigan ca. 1904.
Parrish, Benjamin B., private – from Independence Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Clarkston February 1, 1864, age 52. Discharged at New York City June 6,1865.
Ryan, Andrew, private – from Durham, Canada. Enlisted at Pontiac February 2, 1864, age 21.
Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 13 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company G
Walters, Jeffries, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint March 8, 1862, age 29.
Wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Resided at Gratiot County, Michigan ca. 1904.
Company H
Ballard, Robert J., private – from Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Flint February 3, 1862, age 18. Discharged for disability.
Beckwith, George, private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 19,
1864, age 35. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Mower
Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania June 8, 1865.
Chamberlain, John, corporal – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Pontiac November 18, 1861, age 25. Promoted Sergeant October 1863. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Buried at Marietta National
Cemetery, Section E, grave 5571.
Clark, William C., sergeant – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Orion November 16, 1861, age
23. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Entered Harper Hospital November 21, 1864.
Discharged at Detroit, Michigan June 14, 1865. Resided at Orion, Michigan ca. 1904.
Davey, Wellington D., private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Pontiac January 4, 1864, age 19.
Muscian November 1864. Absent on furlough. No further record.
Egbert, James J., private – from Austin, Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Pontiac October 8, 1861, age 45. Discharged for disability at Detroit July 17, 1862.
Fifield (Fifefeld), John, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 2, 1864, age 29. Joined regiment
February 12, 1865. Discharged at Hart Island, New York Harbor May 15, 1865.
Goff, Gustavus, private – from Stoney Creek Village, Avon Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Flint March 28, 1862, age 19. Died of disease at Farmington, Mississippi July 5,
1862. Buried in Corinth National Cemetery grave 2493.
Hinkley, Elijah, private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland January 14, 1862, age 22. In hospital December 23, 1863. No further record
.
Hope, John H., private – from Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint
March 3, 1862, age 20. Captured near Dalton, Georgia February 25, 1864. Died at Andersonville prison,
Georgia.
Howland, Hiram, private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Flint February 27, 1862, age 32. Died November 12, 1863 of accidental wounds received at Smith's
Ferry.
Hull, Michael, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Highland December 30, 1861, age
28. Transferred to company K. No further record.
Lawrence, James H., private – from Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
October 10, 1861, age 18. Died of disease at Farmington, Mississippi July 11, 1862. Buried in Corinth
National Cemetery, grave 2581.
McCarthy, James, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Pontiac October 14, 1861, age
28. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Corporal June 17, 1865. Mustered out
at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Madison, Harrison C., private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Fentonville December 12,
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 14 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
1861, age 18. Promoted Wagoner April 1864. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Moffatt (Moffitt), John, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint November 28, 1861,
age 33. Drowned April 25, 1862.
Mosey, Frank, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint November 23, 1861, age 18.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864.
Discharged at Indianapolis, Indiana July 24, 1865. Resided at Montrose, Michigan ca. 1904.
Nelson, Warren G., sergeant – from Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
November 5, 1861, age 18. Wounded at Lavergne, Tennessee April 10, 1863. Reenlisted at Detroit,
Michigan march 22, 1864. Promoted 1st Sergeant. Commissioned 1st Lieutenant, Company C, February
24, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Palmer, Porter, private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland December 16, 1861, age 29. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Captured
near Dalton, Georgia February 25, 1865. Died at Andersonville prison, Georgia October 17, 1864.
Buried in Andersonville National Cemetery, grave no. 11,177.
Parish, Lewis, private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Goodrich November 4, 1861, age 19. Discharged for disability at Detroit, Michigan July 19, 1862.
Phipps, George F., private – from Davisburg, Springfield Township, Michigan. Enlisted at Flint
February 5, 1862, age 18. Died of disease at Farmington, Mississippi July 9, 1862. Buried in Corinth
National Cemetery, grave 2500.
Pierson, John, Captain – from Pontiac. Commissioned at Pontiac October 1, 1861, age 45.
Promoted Lieutenant Colonel 109th Regiment U.S. Colored Troops July 12, 1864. Resigned and
honorably discharged December 30, 1864.
Powell, Isaiah, private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Flint December 9, 1861, age 28. Died of disease at Farmington, Mississippi May 31, 1862. Buried in
Corinth National Cemetery.
Schuman, Peter, private – from Port Sanilac, Sanilac County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
October 6, 1864, age 22. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Mustered out
at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Terbush, Sylvan, 1st Lieutenant – from Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan. Commissioned at
Pontiac October 1, 1861, age 26. Commissioned Captain, Company C March 31, 1863. Wounded at
Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Commissioned Major May 20, 1865. Commissioned Lieutenant
Colonel June 7, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Thompson, Henry, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland December 18, 1861, age 18. Discharged for disability at St. Louis, Missouri August 5, 1862.
Enlisted in Battery K, 1st Regiment Light Artillery at Pontiac February 4, 1864. Joined regiment at
Nashville, Tennessee February 24, 1864. Mustered out at Detroit, Michigan July 22, 1865.
Torrey, Wilford, private – from Van Buren County. Enlisted at Pontiac September 2, 1864, age
19. Joined regiment February 16, 1865. Discharged Hart Island, New York Harbor May 15, 1865.
Warden, Jerome B., private – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Pontiac November 2, 1861, age 18. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Witter (Whitter), Amos A., private – from Highland. Enlisted at Highland December 19, 1861,
age 44. Died at Camp Dennison, Ohio September 16, 1862. Buried in Camp Dennison, Ohio.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 15 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company I
Arthur, John, private – from White Lake Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Pontiac October 11, 1861, age 40. Promoted wagoneer January 1865. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Backenstone (Backenstoe), Richard, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Oakwood December 21, 1861, age 38. Discharged for disability at Nashville, Tennessee
March 11, 1863.
Bard, John A., private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Oakwood December 12, 1861, age 21. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted
Corporal May 19, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Boice, Mark, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston
December 13, 1861, age 21. Discharged for disability at Columbus, Ohio September 5, 1862. Deceased
by ca. 1904.
Campbell, David D., private – from Oakland County. Enlisted March 25, 1862. In hospital
December 23, 1863. No further record.
Church, Lewis, private – from Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston
December 14, 1861, age 19. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Clark, Harvey J., 1st sergeant – from Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston
November 1, 1861, age 22. Absent sick September 1862. No further record.
Coleman, Charles, private – from Oxford. Enlisted at Pontiac February 10, 1865, age 22.
Joined regiment at Goldsboro, North Carolina April 10, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July
19, 1865. Resided at Montgomery, Michigan ca. 1904.
Davidson, Andrew W., private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September
10, 1864, age 24. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 10, 1864(?) Discharged at
Washington D.C. June 12, 1865.
Davidson, James W., private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 2,
1864, age 24. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Discharged at Washington,
D.C. June 12, 1865.
Demming, Daniel P., private – from Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Goodrich December 13, 1861, age 18. Wagoner December 1864. Promoted Corporal January 1865.
Discharged February 6, 1865.
Fifield, Joseph, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint November 18, 1861, age 22.
Died at Camp Dennison, Ohio(?) July 15, 1862. Buried at Corinth National Cemetery, grave 2485.
Hoard, Duane, private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 6, 1864,
age 19. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Died at Savannah, Georgia
February 16, 1865 from injuries received from a falling tree. Buried in Beaufort National Cemetery,
section 41, grave 4759.
Houghton, Abram, musician – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Clarkston November 15, 1861, age 18. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Mustered out
at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Houghton, David, private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Clarkston November 15, 1861, age 45. Discharged for disability at Cairo, Illinois December 8, 1862.
Hubbard, Drake, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted December 21, 1861, age 19. Died at
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 16 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Booneville, Mississippi June 5, 1862. Buried in Corinth National Cemetery, grave 2571.
Husted, George, private – from Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston
December 19, 1861, age 18. Discharged for disability at Flint, Michigan April 20, 1862.
Kelly, Collins, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Pontiac October 16, 1861, age 44.
Discharged for disability at Rossville, Georgia January 8, 1864.
King, Franklin S., private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 12,
1864, age 26. Discharged at Jackson, Michigan May 6, 1865.
Lake, William H., private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Orion October 17, 1861, age 19.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Discharged at Detroit, Michigan July 27, 1865.
Livermore, Edward, private – from Oakwood. Enlisted November 12, 1861, age 22. Reenlisted
at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865
.
Measurall (Meseraull), Isaac, private – from Clarkston, Independence Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston December 12, 1861. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864.
Promoted Corporal April 1, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Millard, Worthy E., corporal – from Clarkston, Independence Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Clarkston December 12, 1861, age 20. Reenlisted as Sergeant at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted 1st Sergeant June 22, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky
July 19, 1865.
Newkirk, Jacob, private – from Clarkston. Enlisted at Clarkston December 19, 1861, age 30.
Died of disease at Nashville, Tennessee February 25, 1863. Buried in Nashville National Cemetery.
Perry, Albert, corporal – from Oakwood, Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Oakwood December 17, 1861, age 23. Died at Keokuk, Iowa August 6, 1862. Buried in
Oakland Cemetery, Keokuk, Iowa.
Smith, Alfred (Albert) L., private – enlisted at Pontiac September 2, 1864, age 24. Joined
regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Died of disease at Savannah, Georgia January 20,
1865. Buried in Beaufort National Cemetery, grave 4761.
Snyder, Birney M., private – from Macomb County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac September 5,
1864, age 19. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Discharged at Washington,
D.C. June 12, 1865.
Stephens, Edward, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 2, 1864, age 27. Discharged at
Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Stewart, Charles E., private – from Lapeer County. Enlisted at Oakwood December 17, 1861, age
24. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed at Buzzard's Roost, Georgia February 25,
1864.
Stewart, Nelson, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 2, 1864, age 19. Joined regiment at
White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Stuart (Stewart), Williston, private – from Livingston County. Enlisted at Pontiac September 2,
1864, age 25. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25, 1864. Discharged at Washington,
D.C. June 12, 1865.
Terry, Elias, private – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 17 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
October 14, 1861, age 39. Discharged for disability at Nashville, Tennessee February 9, 1863. Enlisted
in Company A, 2nd Veteran Reserve Corps at Pontiac February 27, 1865. Discharged at Detroit,
Michigan December 18, 1865.
Torrence (Torrace), Elmore D., private – from Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan.
Enlisted at Pontiac September 6, 1864, age 26. Joined regiment at White Hall, Georgia September 25,
1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865. Resided at Ortonville, Michigan ca. 1904.
Tupper, Joseph E., sergeant – from Clarkston, Independence Township, Oakland County,
Michigan. Enlisted at Flint December 29, 1861, age 23. Promoted 1st Sergeant. Promoted SergeantMajor March 31, 1863. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, Company G May 13, 1863. Commissioned Major
17th U.S. Colored Troops November 9, 1863.
Whitney, Ethan, private – from Oakwood. Enlisted January 23, 1865, age 18. Joined regiment
at Goldsboro, North Carolina April 10, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Whitney, Henry, private – from Rochester, Avon Township, Michigan. Enlisted at Oakwood
January 2, 1862, age 22. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Corporal April 1,
1865. Promoted Sergeant June 22, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Died in
Lapeer County prior to 1890.
Winters, John, private – from Brandon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted December
14, 1861, age 32. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Captured at Bentonville, North
Carolina March 19, 1865. Discharged at Detroit, Michigan June 8, 1865.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 18 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Company K
Beach, Seymour C., private – from Addison Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Woodstock December 9, 1861, age 25. Died of disease at Flint, Michigan March 14, 1862.
Bellows, Andrew, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 28, 1864, age 34. Joined regiment at
Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865.
Blowers, Ira, private – from Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Highland December 30, 1861, age 31. Died of disease at Nashville, Tennessee February 5, 1863.
Buried in Nashville National Cemetery.
Potter, Edward B., private – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at
Berlin September 23, 1864, age 19. Joined regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864.
Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Potter, Franklin, private – from Oakland. Enlisted at Fenton February 1, 1862, age 18.
Discharged February 6, 1865.
Smith, Gilbert, private – enlisted at Pontiac September 28, 1864, age 22. Joined regiment at
Chattanooga, Tennessee October 17, 1864. Discharged at Washington, D.C. June 12, 1865. Resided in
Lapeer County, Michigan in 1890.
Source: Bacak-Egbo, Carol; Hawkins, Bruce; Stamps, Richard. Roster of Soldiers Enlisted or Drafted from Oakland County Who
Served in Michigan Civil War Regiments. A Civil War Sesquicentennial Project of the Oakland County Historical Commission, 2012
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 19 of 19
Grade 8 Lesson 9
Lesson 10: The Orion Union Guard
Civil War Content Connection(s)
 Impact of the Civil War on Families
 Community-based regimental companies
LESSON ABSTRACT
In this lesson students learn about the “Orion Union Guard”, or Company C, of the 10th Michigan Infantry. This
company which trained at Camp Thomson was largely made up of Oakland County soldiers. The majority of
the lesson involves a historical inquiry activity in which students use Record of Service data and census data to
investigate the possible relationship between members of the company who had the same last name.
Aligned Content Expectations/Standards
Michigan Social Studies Content Expectations
8–U5.2.1 to 8–U5.2.5 Evaluate the multiple causes, key events, and complex consequences of the Civil War.
P2.1
Understand the scientific method of inquiry to investigate social scientific and historical problems.
P2.3
Know how to find and organize information from a variety of sources, analyze, interpret, support
interpretations with evidence, critically evaluate, and present the information orally and in writing.
P2.5
Use deductive and inductive problem-solving skills as appropriate to the problem being studied.
Common Core State Standards: Literacy in History/Social Studies (grades 6-8)
1
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.
Lesson Sequence
1. Point out the section of the map that shows Orion Township and the Orion War Memorial or display the
graphic of that section of the map located in the Supplemental Materials for the lesson. Then, show the
photographs of two of the plaques from the Memorial and read the text of the plaques.
2. Draw attention to the names “Daniel Burton” and “Frank Thornley.” If students have completed Lesson 5
they should be familiar with the name of “Daniel Burton”, the young soldier who died of disease while
training at Camp Thomson in Flint. Like Daniel, Frank Thornley died of disease. He contracted typhoid
fever and died on March 16, 1863 and was buried in Nashville, Tennessee.
3. Explain that both these soldiers were members of Company C of the 10th Michigan Infantry. The Company
had been started in Orion, Michigan under the command of Lieutenants Benjamin Redfield and Alva Collins
and had originally been called the “Orion Union Guard.”
4. Display the photograph of Company C located in the Supplemental Materials and explain that this
company, like many others during the Civil War, consisted of many soldiers who came from the same
community. Often relatives enlisted together in these companies.
5. Divide students into groups of 3 and give each group a copy of the 3-page roster of Company C located in
the Supplemental Materials. Explain that groups should examine the roster together and highlight soldiers
who had the same last name and therefore may have been related.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 1 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
6. Give students time to work and then create a master list of possible relatives. Note that a list of the
“Possible Relatives in Company C” has been included in the Supplemental Materials for you to use as
reference.
7. Guide students in creating a list of possible family relationships among these soldiers. Note that
possibilities include the following:
 Father and son
 Brother and brother
 Uncle and nephew
 Cousin and cousin
8. Ask students what kind of historical evidence could be used to prove a family relationship. Note that
possibilities include:
 Census records
 Family trees
 Birth certificates
9. Explain that students will now have the opportunity to work as historians to try and locate historical
evidence proving two of the soldiers were related. Place students in pairs and give each pair a copy of the
“Looking for Historical Evidence Part 1” Activity Sheet. Have pairs examine the Record of Service data for
George and Jasper Inglehart and then complete the sheet. Note that a sample “Answer Sheet” has also
been included to use for reference.
10. Give pairs time to work and then discuss their answers to the two questions at the bottom of the sheet.
Guide students in understanding the Record of Service data suggests that George and Jasper were
brothers for the following reasons:
 They were from the same community.
 They enlisted on the same date.
 Their ages would suggest they were brothers.
11. Explain that although the data suggests a family relationship between these two soldiers, historians would
want to locate more evidence. Give each pair a copy of the 1860 Census sheet located in the
Supplemental Materials and explain that this is a second potential source of evidential proof. Note that
magnifying glasses are a significant aid in reading census data and should be provided for students if at all
possible.
12. Briefly explain the kind of information that can be found on 1860 census records which includes:
 The head of each household.
 The names of all the people living in each household
 The ages of people listed on the census
 The place of birth
 The occupation
13. Give each pair a copy of the “Looking for Historical Evidence Part 2” Activity Sheet and explain that pairs
should use the census data to answer the questions on the sheet. Note that a summary table has also
been included in the Supplemental Materials for students who have difficulty initially reading the primary
source data. Note that you may wish to add a cautionary note about the spelling of names on census
records. Misspellings were common. This appears to be the case with the Inglehart family whose name is
spelled “Englehart” on the 1860 census.
14. Give pairs time to work and then discuss their answers to the questions. Note that a sheet showing
“Sample Answers” has been included for you to use for reference. Guide students in understanding that the
census data appears to add further evidence that Jasper and George were brothers
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 2 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10



They were living in the same house.
They were born in the same state.
It would appear their father was living with them.
15. As a final piece of historical evidence, display the 1850 census record for “Jacob Inglehart” and ask
students how this data helps support the premise that Jasper and George were brothers. Note that this
data shows Jasper and George living in their father Jacob’s house in 1850.
16. Discuss how having multiple family members fighting in the Civil War impacted families. If you have
completed Lesson 6 on the “Gibbs Family of Soldiers” make sure to connect back to this lesson as you
discuss this issue.
Research Opportunities for students:

Research another set of soldiers with the same last name in Company C (Orion Union Guard)

Research one of the officers of Company C.
Suggested Next Lesson: Lesson 11 – The Casemer Brothers
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 3 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
SUPPLEMENTAL
MATERIALS FOR
LESSON
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 4 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Map Resource
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 5 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Plaques
from the
Orion
Veterans
Memorial
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 6 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Company C of the 10th Michigan Infantry (photo courtesy of Douglas Casamer
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 7 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Company C of the 10th Michigan Infantry – the Orion Union Guard
Becket, George W., private – from Elba. Enlisted at Rochester October 26, 1861, age 19. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Corporal May 18, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Burns, James, private – from Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Mustered December 27, 1864 as
substitute for Robert Wallace. Joined regiment February 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Burton, Daniel, private – from Addison Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion October 14, 1861. Died
of disease at Flint, Michigan January 26, 1862.
Carter (Carver), Richard, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Flint September 25, 1861, age 24. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Mustered out at
Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Casamer, Fred B., corporal – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion September 14, 1861,
age 22. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 24,
1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865. Died July 10, 1897. Buried at Orion, Michigan.
Casamer (Casatner), Theodore F., private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion
September 14, 1861, age 18. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded near East Point,
Georgia August 5, 1864. Wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Discharged at Harper Hospital,
Detroit, Michigan June 30, 1865. Died May 19, 1900. Buried at Saginaw, Michigan.
Chapman, Freeman (Truman), private – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion
September 21, 1861. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Captured at Bentonville, North Carolina
March 19, 1865. Paroled. Discharged at Jackson, Michigan July 21, 1865.
Cheeney (Cheney), Lewis C., private – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion October
7, 1861, age 17. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Corporal June 24, 1865. Mustered
out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided at Owosso, Michigan ca. 1904.
Clark, John, private – from Elba. Enlisted at Rochester January 3, 1862, age 30. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia
February 6, 1864. Wounded at Bentonville, North Carolina March 19, 1865. Mustered out Louisville, Kentucky July
19, 1865.
Collins, Alva A., 2nd Lieutenant – from Orion. Commissioned at Orion September 14, 1861, age 37. Commissioned 1st
Lieutenant June 2, 1862. Commissioned, Captain Company H August 30, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville,
Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Collins, George R, private – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion September 14,
1862, age 25. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Absent on furlough. No further record.
Cornish, James H., private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion October 24, 1861, age 17. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed at Dalton, Georgia February 25, 1864.
Coryell, John S., sergeant – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Orion October 2, 1861, age 25. Discharged for disability
at Columbus, Ohio September 8, 1862.
Dewey, Lamont H., private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February 10, 1864,
age 18. Discharged at Detroit July 13, 1865.
Eldred, Melvin, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac August 29, 1864, age
18. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Eldred, Namen, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Madison January 30, 1865,
age 16. Joined regiment at Goldsboro, North Carolina April 10, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19,
1865.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 8 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Gibbs, Samuel J. W., corporal – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan.Enlisted at Orion September 21,
1864, age 29. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed near Dalton, Georgia February 25, 1864.
Hewes, Edgar I., private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion October 24, 1861, age
17. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded near Chattanooga, Tennessee February 1864.
Discharged for disability May 29, 1865.
Hewes, Fletcher W., sergeant – from Highland. Enlisted at Orion September 16, 1861, age 23. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Commissioned 1st Lieutenant, Company D May 18, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville,
Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Hibbler, Adam, private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted as substitute for Aaron Bardy at
Metamora February 22, 1864, age 22. Absent sick May 10, 1865. No further record
.
Hoplar (Hopler), Daniel, private – from from Avon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Oakland October
2, 1861, age 23. Died October 12, 1862. Buried in Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery.
Hunt, Allan, private – from Oakland County. Enlisted at Orion October 10, 1861, age 42. Discharged for disability at
Columbus, Ohio September 8, 1862.
Husted, Stephen J., private – from Groveland. Enlisted at Atlas October 22, 1861, age 25. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed near Dalton, Georgia February 25, 1864. Buried in Andersonville National
Cemetery.
Inglehart, George, private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Pontiac October 15, 1861, age 18. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded near Chattanooga, Tennessee February 1864. Promoted Corporal June 22,
1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Died February 12, 1900. Buried at Saginaw, Michigan.
Inglehart, Jasper C., private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Waterford October 15, 1861, age 30. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 2, 1864. Promoted Corporal. Promoted Sergeant March 31, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville,
Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided at Saginaw, Michigan in 1890.
Kittle, David, private – from Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Goodrich November 6, 1861, age
28. Wounded. Transferred to 106th Company, 2nd Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps February 15, 1864.
Discharged at Indianapolis, Indiana February 9, 1865.
Landon, James C., private – from Lapeer. Enlisted at Orion October 10, 1861, age 28. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia
February 6, 1864. Killed at Jonesboro, Georgia September 1, 1864. Buried in Marietta National Cemetery, Section
E, grave 5562.
Lowrie (Lowry), Thomas, private – enlisted at Commerce as substitute for Henry Snyder December 23, 1864, age 32.
Joined regiment February 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Marvin, George C., private – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Oakland September 14,
1861, age 19. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Quartermaster Sergeant June 24,
1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided at Ovid, Michigan ca. 1904.
Miller, Benjamin, private – from Orion Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February 8, 1864, age
18. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
O'Neil, Edmond (Edward), corporal – from Orion. Enlisted at Orion September 14, 1861, age 20. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Promoted Sergeant May 18, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July
19, 1865. Resided at Mayville, Michigan ca. 1904.
Parkhurst, Daniel, private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Groveland March 27,
1864, age 18. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Resided at Davison, Michigan ca. 1904.
Potter, John, private – from Lapeer County, Michigan. Enlisted at Oakland October 14, 1861, age 21. Reenlisted at
Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Killed at Kingston, Georgia November 3, 1864.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 9 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Redfield, Eslie R., sergeant – from Oakland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion September 14,
1861, age 27. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1861. Promoted 1st Sergeant. Commissioned 1st
Lieutenant, Company F, September 3, 1864. Commissioned Captain, Company I, May 20, 1865. Mustered out at
Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Rich, Freeling H., private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Ortonville November 28,
1861, age 18. Discharged February 6, 1865. Resided at Flint, Michigan ca. 1904.
Richmond, George S., private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Groveland
November 4, 1861, age 19. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville,
Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Richmond, George W., private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Goodrich
November 7, 1861, age 27. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Died of wounds received at
Jonesboro, Georgia September 1,1864.
Richmond, James E., private – from Groveland Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Groveland January
27, 1864, age 18. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Ridley, Mark H., sergeant – from Orion. Enlisted at Orion September 1861, age 33. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia
February 6, 1864. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, Company B, June 7, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky
July 19, 1865. Died February 28, 1899. Buried at Owosso, Michigan.
Rogers, Charles, private – from Oxford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Orion January 2, 1862, age
40. Discharged for disability at St. Louis, Missouri September 13, 1862. Resided at Brandon Township, Oakland
County, Michigan in 1890.
Rogers, Ira, fifer – from Orion. Enlisted at Orion October 2, 1861, age 27. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6,
1864. Discharged at Louisville, Kentucky July 16, 1865. Resided in Shiawassee County, Michigan in 1890.
Rutherford, George M., corporal – from Orion. Enlisted at Orion September 23, 1861, age 39. Reenlisted at Rossville,
Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded at Buzzard's Roost, Georgia February 25, 1864. Mustered out at Louisville,
Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Sprague, William E., private – from Troy. Enlisted at Flint February 6, 1862, age 18. Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia
February 6, 1864. Promoted Sergeant June 24, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Resided in Pontiac Township, Oakland County, Michigan in 1890.
Thornley (Thomley), Frank, private – from Orion. Enlisted at Orion September 23, 1861, age 18. Died of disease at
Nashville, Tennessee March 16, 1863. Buried in Nashville National Cemetery.
Tuttle, William, private – from Waterford Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Waterford October 22, 1861,
age 21. Discharged February 6, 1865.
Vleet (Vliete), James R., private – from Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Enlisted at Pontiac February
9, 1864, age 51. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865.
Yates, Samuel, private – enlisted at Pontiac as substitute November 1864. Died of disease March 9, 1865.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 10 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
POSSIBLE RELATIVES IN COMPANY C
Casamer, Fred B.
Casamer (Casatner), Theodore F
Collins, Alva A.
Collins, George R
Eldred, Melvin,
Eldred, Namen.
Hewes, Edgar I
Hewes, Fletcher W
Inglehart, George
Inglehart, Jasper C
Richmond, George S
Richmond, George W
Richmond, James E
Rogers, Charles
Rogers, Ira
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 11 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Looking for Historical Evidence
PART 1: Record of Service Information:
Inglehart, George, private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Pontiac October 15, 1861, age 18.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded near
Chattanooga, Tennessee February 1864. Promoted Corporal June 22,
1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Died February
12, 1900. Buried at Saginaw, Michigan.
Inglehart, Jasper C., private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Waterford October 15, 1861, age 30.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 2, 1864. Promoted Corporal.
Promoted Sergeant March 31, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky
July 19, 1865. Resided at Saginaw, Michigan in 1890.
Directions: Use the information above to help you complete the chart below.
George
Jasper
From what community
Enlisted at
Date of Enlistment
Age at enlistment
Year of birth
Date of reenlistment
When mustered out
Where mustered out
Where they might have
lived after the war
Based on this information do you think George and Jasper were related? If so, how were they
related?
On what information in the chart did you base your answer?
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 12 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Looking for Historical Evidence – Answer Sheet
PART 1: Record of Service Information:
Inglehart, George, private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Pontiac October 15, 1861, age 18.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 6, 1864. Wounded near
Chattanooga, Tennessee February 1864. Promoted Corporal June 22,
1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky July 19, 1865. Died February
12, 1900. Buried at Saginaw, Michigan.
Inglehart, Jasper C., private – from Pontiac. Enlisted at Waterford October 15, 1861, age 30.
Reenlisted at Rossville, Georgia February 2, 1864. Promoted Corporal.
Promoted Sergeant March 31, 1865. Mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky
July 19, 1865. Resided at Saginaw, Michigan in 1890.
Directions: Use the information above to help you complete the chart below.
From what community
Enlisted at
Date of Enlistment
Age at enlistment
Year of birth
Date of reenlistment
When mustered out
Where mustered out
Where they might have
lived after the war
George
Pontiac
Pontiac
Oct. 15, 1861
18
1843
Feb 6, 1864
July 19, 1865
Louisville, Kentucky
Jasper
Pontiac
Waterford
Oct. 15, 1861
30
1831
Feb. 2, 1864
July 19, 1865
Louisville, Kentucky
Saginaw
Saginaw
Based on this information do you think George and Jasper were related? If so, how were they
related?
Yes… they were probably brothers
On what information in the chart did you base your answer?
1. They were from the same community.
2. They enlisted on the same date
3. Their ages would suggest they were brothers, not father and son.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 13 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 14 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Looking for Historical Evidence
PART 2: Census Information: Use the census data to help you answer the following questions:
In what year was this census data gathered?
According to this census data how many people were living in Jasper Englehart’s household?
Who do you think Emma Englehart was? Why?
Who do you think Sopia Englehart was? Why?
Who do you think Jacob Englehart was? Why?
Is George Englehart listed on this census? If so, where is he living?
Where were Jasper and George born?
Considering how old they were in 1860, does the data for Jasper and George match that from the
Record of Service? Explain your answer:
Based on this census information do you think George and Jasper were related? If so, how were they
related?
On what information in the chart did you base your answer?
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 15 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
Looking for Historical Evidence – Answer Sheet
PART 2: Census Information: Use the census data to help you answer the following questions:
In what year was this census data gathered?
1860
According to this census data how many people were living in Jasper Englehart’s household?
5
Who do you think Emma Englehart was? Why?
Jasper’s wife because she is listed second and was 19.
Who do you think Sopia Englehart was? Why?
The child of Jasper and Emma because she is listed third and is 1 year old.
Who do you think Jacob Englehart was? Why?
The father of Jasper and George because he is listed as being 60 and has the same last name.
Is George Englehart listed on this census? If so, where is he living?
Yes. He is living in Jasper’s house.
Where were Jasper and George born?
Ohio
Considering how old they were in 1860, does the data for Jasper and George match that from the
Record of Service? Explain your answer:
Jasper’s matches exactly because he was 29 in 1860 which would make him 30 at when he enlisted just as the
Record of Service shows.
George is 16 on the census record which would make him 17 when he enlisted. The Record of Service listed
18.
Based on this census information do you think George and Jasper were related? If so, how were they
related?
Yes… they were probably brothers.
On what information in the chart did you base your answer?
1. They were living in the same household.
2. They were born in the same state.
3. It looks like their father was living with them.
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Page 16 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
1860 United States Federal Census
Name: Jasper Englehart
Age in 1860:
29
Birth Year:
abt 1831
Birthplace:
Ohio
Home in 1860:
Gender:
Post Office:
Household
Members:
Waterford, Oakland, Michigan
Male
Waterford
Name
Jasper Englehart
Emma Englehart
Sopia Englehart
Jacob Englehart
George Englehart
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Age
29
19
1
60
16
Page 17 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10
1850 Census
Name: Jacob Inglehart
Age: 51
Birth Year: abt 1799
Birthplace: New York
Home in 1850: Troy, Oakland, Michigan
Gender: Male
Family 170
Number:
Household Name
Members:
Jacob Inglehart
Sofa Inglehart
Joseph Inglehart
Jasper H Inglehart
Jacob Inglehart
Peter Inglehart
E J Inglehart
George Inglehart
Curtis Inglehart
Chas Inglehart
Oakland County Civil War Map Project
Age
51
38
19
17
15
13
10
6
3
0
Page 18 of 18
Grade 8 Lesson 10