Unit 5: Medieval Europe
Chapter 10: The Later Middle Ages
Section I: Popes and Kings
Ch. 10-1: Popes and Kings (Pgs. 260 – 263)
Standards & Purpose
History & Social Studies Standard 7.6.4: Demonstrate an understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and
European monarchs (e.g., Charlemagne, Pope Gregory VII, Emperor Henry IV)
 What do I need to do? – Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the popes and the kings of Europe.
 Why? – Conflicts between religion and politics, such as the debate over prayer in schools, still exist today.
The BIG Idea: Popes and kings dominated European society in the Middle Ages.
Key Terms & People:
excommunication
authority
Pope Leo IX
Pope Gregory VII
Roman Catholics
Matchmaker
church officials
the pope
Eastern Orthodox Church
Holy Roman Empire
Saint Peter
The Great Schism
– ‘Hook up’ the key term with its mate! One term will not be used.
1. __________________is a punishment given by a pope or other bishop if he thought someone was working
against the church; means to cast out from the church.
2. __________________is the church that the bishop of Constantinople created after he was excommunicated by
Pope Leo IX.
3. __________________is the head of the Christian Church in Western Europe in the Middle Ages.
4. __________________is the empire that grew out of what had been Charlemagne’s empire.
5. __________________was the first pope.
6. __________________ is the event in which Pope Leo IX excommunicated Byzantine Patriarch Michael
Cerularius in 1054 for refusing to recognize the supremacy of the pope.
7. __________________is the name for those who supported Pope Leo IX after the Great Schism.
8.
__________________are the ones who, after 1122, would choose all bishops and abbots, but they would still
have to obey the emperor.
9.
__________________is the leader who excommunicated Emperor Henry IV, but eventually accepted his apology
and allowed him back into the church.
10. __________________is the right and/or power to rule.
Lie Detector – Fix the Bold Word to make the statements true.
Rewrite the true statement.
11. In the later Middle Ages European society was controlled by nobles and lords.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV clashed over the construction of a new monastery.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
13. The pope had such great power in the middle ages because people were afraid of the pope.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Many bishops in Western Europe did not recognize the pope’s authority.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
‘Systems Check’ – Place each question number from the first page under its main idea.
Main Idea #1: Popes and kings
ruled Europe as spiritual and
political leaders.
Main Idea #2: Popes fought for
power, leading to a permanent
split within the church.
Main Idea #3: Kings and popes
clashed over some issues.
Explain Yourself! – Complete the table below.
WHO were the
popes and kings in
this section?
WHAT did they
do?
Charlemagne
WHEN?
in the 700s
WHERE?
Europe
WHY are they
important?
his empire
would
eventually be
the Holy Roman
Empire
Honors:
Pope Gregory
VII
Emperor Henry IV
Pope Leo IX
 built empire
with pope’s
approval
Views of Power
(Primary Source – HWH pg. 262) -Read the primary
source document and then answer the following:
1. Who wrote these letters?
2. To whom were they written?
3. How their points of view differ?
4. What words indicate Gregory’s point of view? (Quote him.)