INDONESIA TNA, TAPS AND FIRM
TOWARD MITIGATION ACTIONS
Widiatmini Sih Winanti
Presented on
Workshop on Capacity Development of NAMAs
Preparation for International support
BPPT Building-Jakarta, 7-8 May, 2013
Basis of TNA
Technology transfer is one of the major agreements in the climate
change negotiation.
•
•
The article 4.5 of the UNFCCC states that developed countries:
“…shall take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate, and finance,
as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound
technologies and know-how to other Parties, particularly developing
country Parties, to enable them to implement the provisions of the
Convention.”
In addition article 4.7 of the UNFCCC states that “The extent to
which developing country Parties will effectively implement their
commitments under the Convention will depend on the effective
implementation by developed country Parties of their commitments
related to financial resources and transfer of technology …”
TECHNOLOGY NEEDS ASSESSMENT (TNA)
Decision 4-CP7
Definition



Technology needs and needs assessments are a set of country-driven activities
that identify and determine the mitigation and adaptation technology priorities of
Parties other than developed country Parties, and other developed Parties not
included in Annex II, particularly developing country Parties.
They involve different stakeholders in a consultative process to identify the
barriers to technology transfer and measures to address these barriers through
sectoral analyses.
These activities may address soft and hard technologies, such as mitigation and
adaptation technologies, identify regulatory options and develop fiscal and
financial incentives and capacity building.
Purpose
The purpose of technology needs assessments is to assist in identifying and
analyzing priority technology needs, which can form the basis for a portfolio of
EST projects and programs which can facilitate the transfer of, and access to, the
ESTs and know-how in the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5, of the
Convention.
TNA Process
©UNEP Risoe Centre, URC
Technology Prioritizing Process
5
1st Natcom
2000
Indonesia
response to CC
2nd Natcom
2008
TNA
2009
CC Sectoral
Roadmap 2010
MITIGATION/ADAPTATION
TECHNOLOGY
Prescreening
MITIGATION/ ADAPTATION
TECHNOLOGY (10)
Determination
of Criteria
M
C
A
Weighting
Scooring
Prioritized Technology
Needs
Strategic plan
of sectors
NAPAs
2010
NEP
2010
Prioritization Technology Criteria
SECTOR
COST
Capital
Costs
Financial Viability
Capital and
operaional costs
relative to
alternatives (COC
Effectiveness)
BENEFITS
Mitigation
Capacity
Conformity with
National
Regulation and
Policy
Technology
Effectiveness
Relevant to
existing food
policy & target
(EP)
Advanced and
proven
technology (AD)
Utilization of
local food
resources (LFR)
Possibilities for
local production
(PLP)
Food Security
(FS)
Reliability of
Technologies
(RT)
Incentive for
participation
(IP)
Applicability of
Technology
Environmental
Effectiveness
Economic
Development
Economic
Growth
Commercial
availability
(market) (CA)
Support of
Sustainability
Social
Developmen
t
Good Impact
(employment,
health, welfare)
Capacity
Building
Social
Acceptance
TNA Output
List of 10 Technology Needs in Mitigation
Rank
Technology for Forestry Sector
1.
2.
Carbon sequestration measurement
and monitoring for reducing
emission
Peat re-mapping
3.
Water Management on Peatland
4.
Best cultivation practices compliant
with < 3m peat
Intensive Silviculture Technology
5.
Technology for Energy Sector
Technology for Waste Sector
Photo Voltaic (PV)
Mechanical biological
treatment
Regenerative burner combustion
system (RBCS)
Improvement of public
transportation
Wind Power
In-vessel composting
Low-solid anaerobic digestion
Geothermal
High solid anaerobic
digestion
Vertical fixed bed gasification
6.
Zero burning technology (for forest
conversion) and fire management
Advanced coal power plant
RDF-fired combustion
7.
Biomass power plant
Fluidized bed combustion
8.
Reduced logging impact in
production forest
Site species matching
Efficient electric motor
9.
Advanced Tree Improvement
Intelligent transport system
Horizontal fixed bed
gasification
Mass-fired combustion
10.
Molecular biology for log tracking
Efficient pump system
Fluidized bed combustion
List of 10 Technology Needs for Adaptation
Rank
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Technology for Food Security
Crop (rice) tolerance to drought and
flood
Technology for mariculture
development
Cattle meat technology development
Efficient irrigation technology
(intermitten, SRI, PTT)
Appropriate Cropping Calendar
The technology of production, storage
and distribution of seeds and seedling
Reliable climate prediction with
adequate lead time for tropical
archipelago
Training of the farrner through field
climate school
Dev of decision support system for
dissemination of appropriate techn.
Technology of conservation and
optimization
Technology for Coastal
Vulnerability
Groyne Technology
Technology for Water resources
Rain water harvesting technology
Technology for coral reef and
seagrass restoration
Fish aggregating device
technology
Coastal restoration technology
Recycle water technology from
domestic waste water
Modeling for water resources
Water gate and tidal barrier
technology
Floodwalls system technology
Detached Breakwater Technology
Artificial rain technology (weather
modification techn.)
Monitoring and early warning
system
Artificial wetland
Artificial sand dunes technology
Eco-hydrology for river
Polder and pumping technology
Ground water injection technology
Bio-filtration technology
Prioritized Technology for Mitigation and
Adaptation
Sector
Energy
Forestry
Technology Mitigation
Photovoltaic
RBCS
MRT
Measurement and monitoring of
carbon sequestration and
emission
Peat re-mapping
Water management
Mechanical biological treatment
Waste
In-vessel composting
Low-solid anaerobic digestion
Sector
Food Security
Water
Resources
Technology Adaptation
Crop (rice) tolerance to
drought and flood
Mariculture development
Beef cattle farming technology
Technologies for rain water
harvesting (well and
infiltration pond),
Domestic water recycling
Modeling for water resource
potential projection
Groin technology
Technology for coral reef and
Coastal
Vulnerability seagrass restoration
Fish aggregating device
(rumpon) technology
Technology Action Plans
(TAPs) Processes
Barriers Analysis
BARRIER
ANALYSIS
IDENTIFY ALL
POSSIBLE
BARRIERS
PRIORITIZED TECHNOLOGI
IDENTIFY BARRIERS AND GROUPED TO:
REGULATION, FINANCIAL, INSTITUSIONAL, SOCIAL,
CAPASITY, IPR
SCREEN FOR NON
RELEVANT
ESTABLISH
HIERARCHY OF
BARRIERS
IDENTIFY KEY BARRIER COMPONENTS FOR EACH
TECHNOLOGY
CAUSAL ANALYSIS BARRIERS PRIORITIZATION
FIND INITIAL
SOLUTION
LIST OF BARRIERS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
ANALYSIS
FRAMEWORK
• IDENTIFY THE
ENABLING
FRAMEWORK
FOR EACH
BARRIERS
Causal Relation of PV Technology
High cost of PV
Import cell PV
No market PV
for grid
No electricity for
rural area
Low IRR
PV system
easily damage
Consumers
comfused
High OM cost
PV system not
competitive
No use of
PV system
High Discount
Rate
Lack of quality
insurance
Overlap of
activities
PV quickly
broken
Controlled
producer price
No lighting and
watching
Less
standard
IPR not
probable
PV system
not use
No regulation for PV cell industry
and electricity price low
Development PV fo electricity
are difficulties
Less coordination and
guarantee of product
PV cell type not
decided yet
PV for
community use
not determined
Feed in tariff
not realistic
PV for electricity
less atrattive
Funding system
less innovative
Limited PV
Standard
No labelling
institution
Lack
coordination
Weak of RD &
control facilities
No local
IPR
Accu quicqly
broken
Study not yet
finished
Study not yet
done
MEMR
decision No.
31/2009
High investment
cost
PV system is not
commodity
Limited
budget
Lack of
facilities
Unequal
ownership of
hardware
Limited R+D
infrastructure
Burden of
investment
More use
of accu
Electricity price
is expencive
Limited human
resources
High landing
rate
Limited PV cell
testing
laboratory
Limited PV
system testiing
laboratory
Translate Problem to Solution of PV
Technology
Results
Low cost of PV
No import cell PV
Has market PV
for grid
Has electricity for
rural area
High IRR
PV system
difficult
damage
Consumers
not comfused
Low OM cost
PV system is
competitive
Have use of
PV system
Low Discount
Rate
Good quality
insurance
No overlap of
activities
Durable PV
system
Less controlled
producer price
Have lighting and
watching
Good
standard
IPR
probable
PV system
still use
Have regulation for PV cell industry
and electricity price low
Development PV fo electricity
are easily
More coordination and
guarantee of product
PV cell type
decided
PV for
community use
determined
Feed in tariff
realistic
PV for electricity
more atrattive
Funding system
more innovative
Unlimited
PV Standard
Have
labelling
institution
Good
coordination
Good RD &
control facilities
Have local
IPR
Accu quicqly
not broken
Waiting the study
results
MEMR decision
for community
use
Revise MEMR
decision No.
31/2009
MoF decision:
others incentive
Socialization to
the Bank
Adding
budget for
making
standard
Establish
labelling
institutions
Socialization
from related
institute
Increase R+D
laboratories
Reduce license
Less use
of accu
State Secretary
decree: national
PV industry
development
MoF: Incentive
loan rate
Education and
training
Increase PV cell
testing
laboratory
Increase PV
system testiing
laboratory
Measures
Market Map of PV Technology
TNA-TAPs to Mitigation Actions
Prioritize Mitigation Actions as Potency to
NAMAs
Action Plans to implement Mitigation
Actions as Potency to NAMAs
MRV framework for Mitigation Actions as
Potency to NAMAs
Detailed Document for Implementing
activities to remove non-financial barriers
Ready to go project documents
Thank you