E U R OT R A N S P L A N T newsletter 203 December 2005 ISSN 0920-2366 CONTENTS 1 Introduction Introduction 2 Program of the Munich Conference 3 Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 5 It’s my kidney! 6 ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective 8 Words of Thanks This is the first ET Newsletter in a new era after a long period with stable. This culminated in an incredible explosion of applause and respectful recognition of the works of Dr. Bernard Cohen, Dr. Guido Persijn and Prof. Dr. Yves Vanrenterghem during the annual ET Meeting. In this Newsletter we would like to take the opportunity to reflect on the many festivities given in honor of Bernard, Guido and Yves. This started with the invited conference on organ transplantation in Munich. The symposium was followed by a dinner in royal surroundings organized and hosted by our new president and chairman of the Board, Dr. Bruno Meiser. A farewell reception for all business relations of Eurotransplant took place in The Hooglandse Kerk in Leiden on September 27, 2005. A final goodbye was held during the Presidential Symposium as well as in the Assembly at the annual ET Meeting in the Hotels of Oranje in Noordwijk on October 6 and 7, 2005. Eurotransplant Newsletter is a publication of the Eurotransplant International Foundation. The editor welcomes articles pertaining to organ donation, allocation and transplantation. If there are issues not discussed in the Eurotransplant Newsletter, that you would like to see, please contact the editor. Send copy preferably via e-mail: A. Oosterlee, MD MBA editor, Eurotransplant, P.O. Box 2304, 2301 CH Leiden, the Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] During the ET Meeting, the two former directors received, among many things, royal decorations form Her Majesty Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, an expression of gratitude via fax from the German Bundespräsident Köhler, a declaration of gratitude of the Rumanian Government and various emotional and eloquent speeches from many prominent members of the European transplantation field. In the evening each ET member country paid tribute to the three in a personal and often very funny way. Thank you Guido, Bernard and Yves and all the best for the future! Wim van Zwet, Axel Rahmel and I, very much look forward to working with you. We are in the middle of introducing ourselves to the authorities in the respective ET member states. Although we have met many of you already, we look forward to meeting the rest of you soon, in any case during the ET Winter Meeting in Fügen Austria from January 25 until 27, 2006. Arie Oosterlee Director Program of the Munich Conference, September 9, 2005 “Organ Donation, Procurement, Allocation and Transplantation in a Globalized World - Lessons From Different Cultures” Moderators: Kathryn Wood, President, The Transplantation Society Moderators: Bruno Meiser and Ferdinand Mühlbacher 14:00 – 14:20 Incentives for Organ Transplantation and Yves Vanrenterghem 11:00 – 11:20 Current Ethical, Religious, Social and Legal Issues in Organ Blanca Miranda-Serrano Transplantation George M. Abouna 14:20 – 14:40 Low Donation Rate in Germany - Reasons and Solutions Bruno Reichart Program of the Munich Conference 11:20 – 11:40 Transplantation in a Country With an Extreme Shortage of Deceased Donors: Background and Sequelae 14:40 – 15:00 Tetsuya Kiuchi Transforming the “Unacceptable” Donor: Outcomes From the Adoption of a Standardized Donor Management Technique Stephen R. Large 11:40 – 12:00 Organ Donation - Trends in the Multi-Cultural South African Society 15:00 – 15:30 Coffee Break Moderators: Guido Persijn and Bernard Cohen 15:30 – 15:50 A Novel Approach to Organ Allocation Based on Susan M. Vosloo 12:00 – 12:20 Equal Access to Organ Transplantation in South America Jos Osmar Medina Pestana Urgency and Expected Outcome - Lessons From the Lung 12:20 – 12:40 The Iranian Model Renal Transplant Program Ahad J. Ghods 12:40 – 13:00 Blood Group Incompatible Transplantation in Infants - Mark L. Barr 15:50 – 16:10 Publication of Transplant Results - Impact on a Solution to Overcome the Donor Problem in This Selection of Donors and Recipients Particular Age Group? Francis L. Delmonico Lori J. West 16:10 – 16:30 13:00 – 14:00 Program of the Munich Conference 2 Lunch Break Beyond Transplantation: Regenerative Medicine and its Potential Global Roles Abdallah S. Daar Presidential Symposium, October 6, 2005 Chaired by Prof. Dr. F. Mühlbacher I will start with Guido Born in Belgium in 1945, he spent most of his schooling and life in Holland and joined Eurotransplant in 1971 as student assistant in charge of amongst others the allocation of donor organs. These were busy and happy days with Henk Schippers in charge of setting up the Eurotransplant organisation and making it clear to me that I could play the role of president and give advice on the research, but that he was the boss. An interesting experience for me. We were all located in the semi permanent building 23 with all the characteristics of a commune. These were very fruitful days both for the research as well for the patient care. Guido fitted in with perfection and got my attention very early. This was mainly thanks to a number of characteristics of him, which were unusual for a student. In the first place he was neat and correct, not the most typical characteristic of a Leiden student of these days. Secondly, he had a fascination for and fantastic memory of numbers, and finally he was unexpectedly quite strong and athletic and liked to show that off. He gave me once the shivers when on a boating day with the whole group he passed from my boat to the boat we were pulling via the line used for the pulling. Renee Persijn was quite proud and emphasized that Guido had been trained as a paratrooper. And on top of all that he was quite social. That was the start. If I look back and realise what has come out of this young student, I am impressed. His name is on several hundreds of papers, but I will mention only two. In both instances he was the first author. The first concerns the most important paper on the pre-transplant blood transfusion effect. It was done in the typical Persijn manner; by interviewing the patients personally and not trusting the data which were provided by the residents, he was able to show that a single pretransplant blood transfusion significantly improves renal graft survival. It formed the basis for many studies from our group and others and was a hit in the Lancet. The second published in the NEJM concerns the finding that matching improves not only graft- but also patient survival. Both findings are still true as of today. But Guido’s contributions are not only scientific. In his CV under the heading ‘miscellaneous’, he lists 38 activities most of them relating to transplantation, but 8 showing his much broader interest in people and the world they live in such as: Dutch inventory Society, Committee Holland sea search AIDS committee Leiden University Fund 3 October Vereeniging Leiden Leiden Faculty Club His very special link with the café on the corner l’Esperance was not mentioned. It is clear that Guido has been an excellent networker, a function vital for the success of the Eurotransplant operation with all its meetings all over Europe. But above all Guido was completely reliable. If he promised to do something you could be certain that he would do it and in this way it happened that he slowly developed in the very important person or VIP he truly is. A symbol of reliability, a man who understands society and its unpredictability and all that with a good sense of humour; the elixir of life. And this brings me to Bernard. Born in Bloemendaal in 1947. He studied economics in Amsterdam and was among others a teacher in Amsterdam, which gave him an advantage when lecturing. I must confess that I learned a lot from him on this point. When Henk Schippers applied for the job of director, he was – as he told after his last board meeting – the only one. When Henk was due to leave, we advertised again for the position of director of Eurotransplant. This time 3 Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 When I was asked whether I would like to say a few words during this very special Presidential symposium, I said without a hesitation immediately: YES! Why this sudden enthusiasm? The reason is a simple one as I had shortly before realised, that: a. I had been working with Bernard and Guido 20 to 25 years b. left them in 1996, but c. had forgotten to give them a written testimony This invitation gave me an opportunity to make up for my failure to do so in the past by giving here and now a public testimony. Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 By Prof. Dr. J.J. van Rood Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 Living with the boys: 1971 - 1996 4 there were two applicants, Bernard and a business man from the Zaan, who was 15 years older. They were interviewed by me and Jaap de Graeff, head of the department of nephrology, old time friend and teacher. Jaap thought, for reasons never explained to me, that Bernard would suit me best. And so he was appointed. Henk moved to the position of secretary/treasurer of Eurotransplant, which made the switch a smooth one. I soon learned that the new director had an independent mind and a good nose to find out from which direction the wind was blowing, as the expression in Dutch goes. It was after a meeting in Maastricht, that he told me that only looking for a good HLA match between recipient and donor was a too narrow task for Eurotransplant and that he had more great ambitions. To say, that I reacted enthusiastically, is not completely true, but Bernard was of course right as we have witnessed in the last 25 years or so. Because of this insight of him, Eurotransplant has become an important player in the decision making process of the government regarding all matters related to organ transplantation. But Bernard would not be Bernard, if he would not have taken the initiative of setting up his own organisation. It started of with the Bio Implant Services in 1987. Originally a daughter organisation of Eurotransplant, later an independent foundation, taking care of non vital tissues such as bone, heart valves, cornea and skin. It was in the beginning certainly not running smooth as I remember from the days that I was the president, but the organisation (also thanks to the support of the NTS) is alive and well as of today and plays an active and constructive role in the coordination of donation and distribution of these important tissues in the Netherlands and the Eurotransplant domain. The years with Eurotransplant were in one aspect living under a cloud: the cloud of the donor shortage, which would not go away. Many were the efforts to resolve this threat resulting in 25% mortality of the patients on the waiting list and it was again Bernard, who in 1995 together with Celia Wight made another important contribution: The European Donor Hospital Education Program or EDHEP. Now active in over 30 countries it has a significant impact on the training of those who must ask the most difficult question at the most difficult moment. I speak out of a personal experience as I participated in the training as well with an actress playing the role of the bereaved mother, who had just lost her son in such a way that it haunted me for days afterwards. In parallel, together with Leo Roels, Bernard started Donor Action, a program which attempts to achieve quality assurance in the whole donation program. Also this program is activated in 18 countries in Europe, North and South America and Asia. In an evaluation of its effects an overall increase of donation rates of almost 60% was recorded. It is no wonder that the title of his thesis which he defended in 2001 in Maastricht was ‘Balancing supply and demand in organ transplantation’. One thing is certain: Bernard made his own impact in the field of organ transplantation or as I wrote to the new president: the transplant community stands in debt to both Bernard and Guido for what they have achieved in these past 3 decades. There is of course much more to say about Bernard. I must confess that I was some times quite jealous of him. He has that most irritating characteristic, just as my wife Sacha, to be completely relaxed on moments that I am under high tension, for instance before the opening of the Eurotransplant meeting or during a sailing trip. And then to be suddenly alert handling the rudder as if he was captain Twain. Of course Bernard has some of the characteristics of a Yuppie but we will not go into that now, because I would like here and now express my gratitude for the fact that Bernard is also ‘ein Mensch’. This Yiddish expression means that he has his heart on the right place. Being the founder and first president of Eurotransplant was a lot of fun… most of the time. But sometimes things go haywire, people you relied upon turn against you etc. It did not happen often, but every time it happened, Bernard came to my room, or to my boat, when I was there. We did not say much, but he was there and it counted. Thank you Bernard for what you did for Eurotransplant and thank you for being ‘ein Mensch’. It’s my kidney!!! By Prof. Dr. U. Frei Once upon a time there was a poor uremic chap, suffering some years from end stage renal disease, from fatigue, from itching and fluid overload. He has to go to a dialysis unit three times a week, – to be punctured with thick needles and – to spend endless boring sessions. Once this poor man has a dream. It is a dream about receiving his own kidney. And about meeting people who are able and willing to help him to fulfill his dream. As every night he begins to dream about his own kidney, and when he sees the desired kidney on the horizon, he starts to walk the long way towards the kidney and he whispers “It's my kidney” but… a doctor called Mr. Dr. Grabber crosses his way and stops him saying “NO this is not your kidney, you first have to stay on my dialysisunit for a few years because I have invested a lot of money in these machines you must understand…” when our poor patient has recovered a bit and his nice dream starts again: one heavy chap in green clothes – obviously a surgeon named Dr. Mill-Creek - steps in his way and shouts “NO this is not yours, this is my kidney, because I have harvested it. This is an Austrian kidney and I need it for my own kidney program, go away elsewhere and wait... our poor patient awakes cold sweating and after some time when his dream begins again a doctor in a white lab coat – obviously an old experienced professor with deep roots in science assisted by somebody called Dr. Santa Claas - shows him a paper-outprint and says NO this is not your kidney, your have a poor match, no class II -compatibility and even no DR6-match, go back to the waiting queue and wait some more years for a full-house-match. The poor patient in his innocent dream has not the slightest idea what this all means and he tries again to dream from his own kidney but… An important looking men who looks like a big House obviously a surgeon too steps in his way and says: NO this is not your kidney, because there is a regional imbalance in the East. Ask your lazy local people for a kidney, The poor patient is about to become crazy and it takes him some minutes to recall his dream from his own kidney, but suddenly… An important Nephrologist called Prof. Mr. van somethinglike announces: people like you don’t deserve a kidney because your disease is not suitable for a transplant at all, this will NOT be your kidney. After a longer period of time the patient begins to recover from hearing such strong opinions from all these important personalities and continues with his dream, but not very long: A seriously looking old lawyer in a dark suite called Mr. Writer steps in his way and says NO this is not your kidney, because only the Bundesärztekammer is in a position to decide whose kidney this is and be aware there is no way to sue us, try it!! Ha, Ha! The patient is nearly exhausted and only very frightened he tries again to dream from his own kidney and of course again there is somebody to disturb him: A men in a grey coat, with some official folders in his hands, named Mr. Singler stops him and says: NO it's not that easy to get a kidney! Learn, the kidney belongs to the public and first of all we shall have to pass a law for this kind of cases, and then some execution rules and contracts too, wait some years till we have finished this job. The poor patient cries because of this nightmare about his kidney thinking that he will certainly die before receiving a kidney, but Just like two angels two friendly looking men come along to join him, one introduces himself as Bernard and the other as Guido. They help him to calm down and restore his faith again by telling him, don't worry, we will deal with all these naughty and obstructive guys, laws and rules. We assure you, you will get your own kidney, because we are the directors of EUROTRANSPLANT and we will take care of you until a successful transplant is conducted. And the dream continues relieved – the poor patient undergoes a kidney transplantation some time after he has met Bernard and Guido. The kidney is running well and produces liters of the desired fluid. And the poor man puts his hands on his belly and whispers smiling in his dream "It's my kidney", “It's my kidney”!! But suddenly he gets disturbed again by a small man called Mr. Prof. Frightening-Worm who is jelling on him “give this kidney back immediately" the transplant was not according to the rules, I have detected this by checking the papers… But the patient smiles and tells the man: NO Sir, it's too late now – “It's my kidney! It's my own kidney now” This was only a fairy tale, similarities with acting people are not on purpose and purely coincidental. It’s my kidney! This will be an unusual farewell speech with no power point sheets, sorry. But I will condense the story of the last decades of European transplant politics in a small fairy tale seen from the perspective of a patient. It starts as always: the poor patient starts to cry and it takes him again some time before he can continue to dream of his own kidney. But another old Prof. called Dr. for-Free shows up and says NO this kidney is not yours, because you are not old enough, this kidney is for my senior program only… suddenly some moments later a lady Prof. Mrs. Opener shows up and says the contrary: NO this is not your kidney, you are too old, this kidney is for my sick children only and definitively not for you. 5 It’s my kidney! Dear Bernard, dear Guido, dear Friends and Guests, ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective By Prof. Dr. I. Borel Rinkes ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective Dear chairman, Dear Bernard and Guido, Ladies and Gentlemen, ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective 6 It is my great pleasure and a privilege to have been invited to speak on this memorable occasion, the farewell of the two directors who have pulled off such an effort during so many years. I’m speaking to you Bernard and Guido, on behalf of the bunch of medical students called “uitbellers”, a.k.a. transplant allocation coordinators. We were the ones ladies and gentlemen, whom you must have heard blurting away over the phone in the middle of so many nights regarding transplantation logistics in often crooked english or STEINKOHLEN DEUTSCH. And as I’m their spokesman, a collective sorry is probably the only way for me to get out of here in one piece. For we were -and areyoung, inexperienced, full of energy, enthusiasm, and mistakes. But the two people who were always ready to help us with advice, or kick our butt if we had done something stupid, never mind the hour, were Guido and Bernard. They were the interface between the transplant professionals and us, the uitbellers. I joined Eurotransplant in 1977, as a second year medstudent. The uitbellers were Theo de By, Bert Groenewoud, Rutger Ploeg, the late Paul van Suylichem, Napoleon Coene, Egbert Ottevanger and Gerard Kieft. Kieft had asked me to join, explaining that it was a nice way to make some extra money during the nighthours and weekends that you weren’t supposed to study anyway, and besides, most of the time you could sleep at home. Little was I to know what an impact that decision would have on my life and how much I would learn and experience during the 7 years that I was uitbeller. Friends asking friends was, and still is, the key to success. A group of student friends from the same fraternity garantueed taking over from and covering for each other no matter what to ensure the 24/7 continuity whenever one of us was unable to work. Typical for us uitbellers was that we developed through the job a rather mild and not altogether unpleasant form of schizofrenia. In general, our lives consisted of a little studying now and then, but predominantly of socializing and growing up in the fraternity world, with students houses, and Minerva with all its do’s and dont’s, its little social rules, obligations and functions that we found so incredibly important. We had big mouths, and were full of ourselves and our friendships, of sporting, partying, singing, and drinking. We were very much part of the traditional student life and we were completely NOT serious. And at the same time we were part of an organization that existed at the foremost tip of medical progress, transplantation was for the strongest, the cleverest, and the most pioneering of medical minds. So we were confronted with a job that was to be taken MOST seriously. Little did we know at first of van Rood’s immunological miracles and breakthroughs, both existing and pending. Kieft and the others had instructed me: You just speak German of some sort on the phone so that they kind of understand you; keep your head together and you’ll do fine. I soon was to find out how heavy the weight of responsibility can feel. I remember us taking over on a sundaymorning from Napoleon Coene, now an established orthopedic surgeon in the country, who was sitting there, completely pale and unable to speak. He had apparently done something terribly wrong, accidently having switched planes or kidneys, and clearly, through the telephone intercom, we could hear a furious dr. Jakubowski yell: ABER HERR COENO WAS MACHEN SIE JETZT? It has become a legendary phrase for when something goes wrong. It was a time when we were indeed allowed to stay home during the on-call shifts, carrying a semaphone the size of a suitcase wherever we went. The thing was so large that Egbert and Theo could clearly see the little red light blinking after they had accidentally dropped the entire thing in the Rapenburg canal. It was well before the age of multiple organ donations, and we had a small office with a cramped bedroom, telephone cards of all transplant centres in a pretty sophisticated telephone with intercom, and a telex machine for matching and trying to get a kidney to Kuwait or Ankara when all else had failed. The life-span of explanted kidneys was only approaching 24 hours, leaving us with a rather tight time frame to organize typing, matching, and particularly, transportation to the acceptor’s centre. It was highly exciting. Sometimes, we found ourselves in a situation that we could, or had to, accompany a kidney on transport. One of us took several weeks to recover from an ambulance ride with a notoriously wild driver named Jelle, who took the ghostrider’s side of Rotterdam’s tunnelstrace in order to reach Dijkzigt in time. I myself once witnessed a crazy ride through Leiden on a saturdayafternoon with a flourishing market community pleasantly strolling in the historical city centre while Jelle was frantically honking the horn doing 90 miles an hour. Amidst these developments, Bernard and Guido were our bosses as well as our patrons. Every second Monday we had a meeting in Bernard’s room, where we got grilled and While time was essential, and resticted, we learned to improvise at the highest level, for the greatest disgrace of an uitbeller was when you had to acknowledge that you could not find a recipient for an organ presented to ET in time. “Improvise and be daring” was very much on my mind when I at the age of 20, had a direct connection with the cockpit talking to a bewildered and grumpy Boeing 747 captain, explaining to him that he had to hold his plane on the ground for another hour to carry a kidney to Hamburg. Just like one of the colleagues who hired the Turkish cleaning man Amir early in the morning to help him get a kidney accepted in a Turkish hospital where no English speaking staff could be found. However, we were not always successful. Like the time we were asked to aid in the transport of a Japanese dog that had died of an extremely rare condition, for which tremendous interest existed in a British immunology-lab. The dead dog was put on air-transport with a stopover in Rome. Despite our efforts the Italians had misunderstood us and expected a healthy dog in a cage. Panic arose when they found out the dog was dead. In a joined effort they managed to find a suitable replacement just in time. And while the dead dog with the exceptional disease was being buried in Rome, we got buried by the British researchers. We were also very good at using all the resources the ET-office harboured. Such as the millions of clandestine photocopies that were run on the ET-copymachine helping all of us through the exams with the aid of copied old exam-questions. Or the fact that we had found our way to van Rood’s refridgerator containing a much desired bottle of Jenever. You’ll be happy to know that we always were very keen on filling the resulting gap as indicated by the lines that had been drawn on the bottle by the owner. Of course we could only find water to replace the jenever. Mr chairman, ladies and gentlemen, Bernard and Guido were not only out bosses, directors and patrons. In times characterized by constant and rapid change and in a frontline organization, they allowed us maximal freedom, while simultaneously giving us enormous responsibilities. By doing so they made us very much feel part of the Eurotransplant Family, and its pioneering spirit. This has always made ME feel proud. And I’m sure the others feel the same way. Bernard and Guido, during the preparation of this talk I have called upon a number of former uitbellers and old friends, all of whom painted a similar picture of the two of you. Some are here, many are not, but I’m convinced that all of them join me in thanking you from the bottom of our hearts, for all that you guys have meant to us, have been to us, and have done for us, just as they join me in wishing you all the best of happiness and health, together with your families. ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective while I was the one who had done that. And Guido could sometimes be a bit too much ahead of us, such as when he advised one night to organize a split transplantation, not realizing that it wasn’t a liver but a heart at stake. 7 ‘Uitbellers!’… the students’ perspective praised for our respective failures and accomplishments. Bernard, the glamour guy, speaking fast, excited at times, but always on top of things. We were informed of all new developments, political aspects of the unique European endeavour that Eurotransplant represented, exciting findings and technical progress. Bernard was demanding as the ceo of us little salesmen, ambitious and keen. Guido was almost the opposite, but just as keen on the wellbeing of the project and the organization,… AND his patiens. More subdued, more relaxed in appearance, he was highly respected by us, not in the least for his enormous medical knowledge. He never failed to impress us with his demonstration of knowing all the Leiden patients by heart, including their individual HLA typing. Both were always and readily available when advice was needed during the night shifts that we had to cover. Bernard, rapidly explaining what we had to do, Guido, often hard to hear because of the background noise of l’Esperance, his favourite pub. Bernard, so eager to impress us, once had a skiing machine installed at the top of the stairs of the EToffice above the bloodbank. Many of us exercised on that contraption during the night, much to the dismay of the lab-assistants of the bloodbank residing below. And although some of us were having rough times once in a while when demonstrating a lack of responsibility (I believe I got myself nearly fired once or twice) the two directors made clear that if you performed well, the rewards were tangible. To us they became a symbol for the daring and pioneering spirit of eurotransplant. We were invited to join them on many meetings, they made sure we got in contact with many leading experts in the transplant world, and we were happy to be used as congress assistants when conferences were held in Holland. Many -if not all- of us are thankful to Bernard and Guido, and of course to Jon van Rood, for providing us not merely with a job, but with a unique opportunity to mould and pursue our personal careers in a specifically desirable way. PhD theses, research projects abroad, training positions and fellowships in surgery, medicine, immunology, transplantation logistics are just a few examples of the opportunities we were given. Bernard and Guido you have been instrumental in this respect, just like in the initiation of numerous international friendships many of us enjoy until today. You were also terrible, just like us. When Bert Groenewoud once had such a busy schedule with so many oncall nights in a Christmas Holiday that he fell asleep during the christmas dinner at the house of his new girlfriend’s family, dropping his head in the soup-terrine blowing bubbles, this led to the untimely end of a promising love. Conversely, I remember that Guido once fell asleep while listening to me on the phone, urgently needing his advice. Despite my desperate shouting I was unable to revive him, feeling forced to call upon an angry Bernard who was not on call. Bernard could be as untactical as hell: Slamming his fist in a candy-house made for him by Napoleon in search for his Santaclaus-present, while the candy house was the present. Or rewarding Victor Renardel with a tie for organizing the first heart transplantation through ET, Words of Thanks By Dr. Guido G. Persijn, past Medical Director Also on behalf of my colleague Dr. Bernard Cohen, I would like to express our sincere gratitude to all members of the Eurotransplant (ET) ‘family’ for their support and confidence in us as directors of ET over the last 30 years. Thanks to your cooperation and enthusiasm, we were able, together with all of you, to build ET as the organ exchange organization, in all its facets, as it is today. Words of Thanks Our farewell party at the last ET meeting in Noordwijk was also an expression of your warm and kind attitude towards us. It was an unforgettable event for which we thank especially the representatives of the six different ET countries for their nice and fantastic contributions during that party. Really great! Words of Thanks 8 A special word of thanks for the local organizing committee at the ET office in Leiden for all their fantastic ideas and the enormous amount of extra work, resulting in this really wonderful happening. We will never forget this party of all parties, neither will we forget you. We thank you once again and wish you all a good, great and prosperous future.
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