Lecture 12
NATURAL RESOURCES
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NATURAL RESOURCES
Natural resources:
occur naturally within environments that
exist relatively undisturbed by mankind, in
a natural form. A natural resource is often
characterized by amounts of biodiversity (đa
dạng sinh học) and geodiversity (đa dạng
vật chất ?) existent in various ecosystems.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resource
Tài nguyên thiên nhiên:
là nguồn của cải vật chất nguyên khai được
hình thành và tồn tại trong tự nhiên mà con
người có thể khai thác, chế biến và xử dụng.
http://yeumoitruong.vn/forum/showthread.php?t=6759
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CLASSIFICATION
Source of origin:
 Biotic – Living and organic materials (i.e., forest, animals, coal,
fossil fuels, petroleum, etc.)
 Abiotic – Non living and non organic materials (i.e., land, fresh
water, air, gold, silver, iron, copper, silver, etc.)
Stage of development:
 Potential resources,
 Actual resources,
 Reserved resources,
 Stock resource
Renewability:
 Renewable resources,
 Non-renewable resources
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RESOURCES NEED TOWARD 2030
We produce annually:
 18 million tons of copper,
 2.2 billion tons of iron ore,
 7 billion tons of coal,
 Etc…
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POPULATION GROWTH
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MIDDLE CLASS EXPANSION
+264%
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MATERIAL WORLD
PERSONAL COMPUTER
MOBILE PHONE
LAPTOP
BATTERIES
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MATERIAL WORLD
We are living in the material world:
 1.6 billion mobile phones and 350 million personal
computer and laptops manufactured in 2010
Equates to:
 189,000 tons of copper (<1% global mine production),
 750 tons of silver (4% global mine production),
 114 tons of gold (4% global mine production),
 42 tons of palladium (19% global mine production),
 17,800 tons of cobalt (23% global mine production).
Source: Umicore, British Geological Survey
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MATERIALS USE IN MOBILE PHONE
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MATERIALS USE IN MOBILE PHONE
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EU-14: CRITICAL METALS
The EU-14:
Antimony
Beryllium
Cobalt
Fluorspar
Gallium
Germanium
Graphite
Indium
Magnesium
Niobium
Platinum Group metals (ruthenium,
rhodium, palladium, osmium,
iridium, platinum)
Rare Earth Elements
Tantalum
Tungsten
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EU-14: CRITICAL METALS
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CRITICAL METALS
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EU-14: CRITICAL METALS
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EU-14: CRITICAL METALS
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RESOURCE DEPLETION
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AUTOMOBILES
WE ARE CURRENTLY HAVING AROUND 1 BILLION CARS ON THE ROAD
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AUTOMOBILES
year
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
cars produced
in the world
59,929,016
58,264,852
47,772,598
52,726,117
53,201,346
49,918,578
46,862,978
44,554,268
41,968,666
41,358,394
39,825,888
41,215,653
39,759,847
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NATURAL RESOURCES
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RESOURCE SUBSTITUTION
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RESOURCE SCARCITY
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RESOURCE SCARCITY
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