Evolution
Chapter 5
Biological Diversity
• Species Diversity
–
• Genetic Diversity
–
Taxonomic Systems
• Taxonomy• Why?
– Identifying organisms
– Providing a basis for recognizing natural groupings
of living things
• Estimated ____-____ million plants & animals
Binomial Nomenclature
• ______ _______ developed classification
system
•
• Believed the more features shared between
organisms, the closer the relationship
• 2-part scientific names using latin words
• First name is the _____
–
– Acer refers to maple trees
• Second name is the ________
–
– Can never be used alone
• Indicates similarities in ________,
__________ and _________ ancestry
• We can tell that Ursus americanus and
Ursus horriblilis are closely related by
looking at their names
Levels of Classification
List in order:
How will you remember them?
5 Kingdom System
• Widely accepted until the ____s
•
• Revised in the 1970s
•
• Thrive in harsh habitats
• Cell walls and ribosome components
6 Kingdom System
• Believe that Monera should be divided into
Archebacteria and _________
• Eubacteria
•
• Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Eubacteria,
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
• Characteristics
–
– Autotrophs or heterotrophs
– Reproduce ________
– Live almost everywhere
• Cell Wall
–
• Examples
– Bacteria, Cyanobacteria
Archaebacteria
• Characteristics
–
– Heterotrophs
–
• Cell Wall
– Present, does not
contain peptidoglycan
• Examples
–
Protista
• Characteristics
– Single-celled, some multicellular
–
– Mix of autotrophs and
heterotrophs
–
– Aquatic habitats
• Cell Wall
–
• Examples
– Algae
–
Fungi
• Characteristics
–
–
– Reproduce sexually
and asexually
– Most are ___________
• Cell Wall
– Present
• Examples
–
Plantae
• Characteristics
–
–
– Reproduce sexually
and asexually
– Most are terrestrial
• Cell Wall
–
• Examples
– Mosses, ferns,
conifers, flowering
plants
• Characteristics
–
– All are heterotrophs
–
– Live in terrestrial and aquatic habitats
• Cell Wall
– Absent
• Examples
–
• Phylogeny•
• Relationships are often
showed in phylogenic
tree
– Starts from the most
________ form and
includes branches that
lead to all of its
___________
Your Turn
• Pg. 162-Using a Classification Key
Classifying Aliens
• You and a partner will work together to
classify the aliens using the provided
dichotomous key.