1. What is the difference between distance and displacement? Describe a situation in which the distance and displacement would not be the same.
2. What is the difference between speed and velocity? Why would an object’s speed and its velocity NOT be the same?
3. In your own words, explain why “acceleration” doesn’t simply mean “speeding up” and “deceleration” doesn’t simply mean “slowing down”.
4. What does the slope of a position vs. time graph mean? ___________________
5. What does the slope of a velocity vs. time graph mean? ___________________
6. What does the area under the curve of a velocity vs. time graph mean? _________________
7. What type of “best­fit” function would be used to model uniform acceleration on a
a. position vs. time graph __________________
b. velocity vs. time graph __________________
8. On the following position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs, sketch and label the following motions:
a. at rest
b. constant positive velocity
c. constant negative velocity
d. uniform acceleration from rest
e. uniform negative acceleration from a positive initial velocity
x
v
t
t
The velocity vs. time graph below shows the motion of Joy Ryder driving on the highway.
a. Calculate Joy’s acceleration during interval A. ______________
b. What is Joy doing during interval B? _______________
c. Determine Joy’s total displacement for the entire motion. _________________
10. The biathlon is a sporting event that combines cross­country skiing with target shooting. An athlete skis 3 km at a speed of 15 m/s, before stopping for 30 seconds to shoot the targets. He then finishes the final 2 km at an average speed of 10 m/s. What is his average speed for the entire event?
11. A runner in a track and field event crosses the finish line at 6 m/s. She continues at this pace for 2.0 seconds, before slowing to rest at a rate of 0.5 m/s2. How far past the finish line did the sprinter run before stopping?
12. A skater glides off a frozen pond onto a patch of ground at a speed of 1.8 m/s. Here she is slowed at a constant rate of 3.00 m/s2. How fast is the skater moving when she has slid 0.37 m across the ground?
13. A shopping cart is given an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s and undergoes a constant acceleration of 3.0 m/s/s. What is the magnitude of the cart’s displacement after the first 4.0 s of its motion?
14. A race car accelerates from 0.0 m/s to 30.0 m/s with a displacement of 45.0 m. What is the car’s acceleration?
15. A kitten pushes a ball of yarn rolling toward it at 1.00 cm/s with its nose, displacing the ball of yarn 17.5 cm in the opposite direction in 2.00 s. What is the acceleration of the ball of yarn?
16. A ranger in a national park is driving at 40 km/h when a deer jumps onto the road 70 m ahead of the vehicle. After a reaction time of t s, the ranger applies the brakes to produce an acceleration of ­3.60 m/s2. What is the maximum reaction time allowed if the ranger is to avoid hitting the deer?
1. A small first­aid kit is dropped by a rock climber who is descending steadily at 1.1 m/s. (a) After 2.7 s, what is the velocity of the first­aid kit?
(b) After the 2.7 s, how far is the kit below the climber?