Meet the
Freshmen
A GUIDE TO THE NEW SENATE
INTRODUCTION
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Chuck Schumer’s Communications Director for many years and advising both of Governor Andrew
Cuomo’s winning campaigns. He was a top official for Secretary Hillary Clinton’s 2008 presidential bid and
was a national spokesperson for the Kerry‑Edwards Campaign in 2004.
This report provides a broad overview of the positions that incoming U.S. senators have taken on
infrastructure, tax reform, immigration, fiscal policy, middle‑class economics, health care, trade, financial
services and federal appointments. This guide uses publicly available sources, including statements from
their campaign websites and interviews as well as their voting records, to outline where the freshmen
senators stand on these issues.1
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that will inform their efforts to achieve their legislative and regulatory public affairs goals. We also devise
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Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
MARATHON STRATEGIES
3
KEY ISSUES
IN THE 115TH U.S. CONGRESS
4
Tax Reform
President‑elect Donald Trump said he would work with Congress to cut taxes
for middle‑class families with two children by 35 percent, reduce the corporate
tax rate from 35 percent to 15 percent and permit overseas corporate profits
to “be brought back at a 10% rate.” He also said he would work to pass
legislation establishing a tariff that discourages companies from relocating
to other countries and permit them to “ship their products back to the U.S.
tax‑free.” Incoming Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and House Speaker
Paul Ryan have previously discussed a compromise on international tax reform
attached to infrastructure spending.2 3 Both Trump and news reports list tax
reform as a top priority for his first 100 days.4
Immigration Reform
Trump is expected to pursue immigration reform early in his presidency.5
Trump’s immigration agenda includes building a southern border wall that
would be financed by Mexico, deporting 2 million “criminal illegal immigrants”
and establishing a two‑year mandatory minimum prison sentence for those
who illegally re‑enter the U.S. after a previous deportation.6 Both Trump and
news reports list immigration reform as a top priority for his first 100 days.7 8
Infrastructure
Trump has proposed an up to $1 trillion, 10‑year infrastructure and jobs plan
that would finance projects through an infrastructure fund supported by
government bonds that private citizens and investors could purchase.9 10 11
His “America’s Infrastructure First” plan would “[support] investments
in transportation, clean water, a modern and reliable electricity grid,
telecommunications, security infrastructure, and other pressing domestic
infrastructure needs.”12 His plan also includes approving private sector energy
infrastructure projects to transport oil and coal. Both Trump and news reports
list infrastructure as a top priority for his first 100 days.13
Budget
Congress will need to work with Trump on a budget agreement that would
patch budget sequestration, address the debt ceiling and determine
appropriations caps so appropriators can draft spending bills before the end of
the federal fiscal year. In addition, Congress will have to reauthorize defense
spending, which also expires at the end of the fiscal year.
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Middle-Class Economics
Trump supports allowing Americans to deduct child care and elder care
expenses from their taxes and incentivizing employers to provide on‑site
child care services.14 Democrats have campaigned to expand paid family and
medical leave, double the child care tax credit, forgive student loan debt and
increase the minimum wage.15 16 17 18
Healthcare
Trump said he would work with Congress to introduce legislation to repeal
the Affordable Care Act and replace it with health savings accounts, allowing
Americans to purchase health insurance across state lines.19 Both Trump and
news reports list healthcare as a top priority during his first 100 days.20 21
Other health issues that will see legislative action include reauthorization of
the Children’s Health Insurance Program, which expires in September 2017.22 23
Trade
Trump has said he would withdraw the U.S. from the Trans‑Pacific Partnership
during his first 100 days in office and said he intends to renegotiate NAFTA.24
Both Trump and news reports list trade as a top priority for his first 100
days.25 26
Financial Services
News reports suggest congressional Republicans will work to deregulate the
financial services sector, eliminating provisions of Dodd‑Frank and limiting the
powers of key regulatory agencies.27 Democrats, many of whom have called
for separating traditional depository banking entities from larger and “riskier”
financial services entities, can be expected to oppose those efforts.28
Federal Appointments
Trump will have the opportunity to appoint hundreds of federal employees,
including as many as four Supreme Court justices.29 30 If a majority of the
Senate confirms them, Trump’s appointments could shift the ideological
balance of the court.
MARATHON STRATEGIES
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NEW MEMBERS
Catherine
Cortez Masto
(D-NV)
Replacing: Harry Reid (D‑NV)
Previous Positions: Attorney General, State of Nevada Office of the
Attorney General; Assistant County Manager, Clark County, Nevada;
Federal Criminal Prosecutor, United States Attorney’s Office in
Washington, D.C.; Chief of Staff, Office of the Governor of Nevada
Bob Miller31
Education: BS, University of Nevada, Reno; JD, Gonzaga University
School of Law32
Campaigned On: Job Creation; Trade; Protecting Seniors; Immigration;
Housing; Equal Pay; Energy and Environment; Minimum Wage;
Human Trafficking; National Security; LGBT Discrimination; Yucca
Mountain; Citizens United; Women’s Health; Education33
ON THE ISSUES
6
Tax Reform
Cortez Masto said she would “work to lower the tax burden for the middle‑class.”34 She
supports a $1,000 tax cut for middle class families, “ending taxpayer giveaways to Big Oil
companies,” “ending tax breaks for corporations that ship American jobs overseas” and
“passing the Buffett Rule so millionaires are no longer paying a lower effective tax rate
than their administrative assistants.”35 Cortez Masto criticized her opponent, Rep. Joe
Heck, for voting “to protect wasteful tax breaks to Big Oil and corporations that outsource
our jobs overseas.”36
Immigration
Reform
Cortez Masto supports “comprehensive immigration reform that secures our borders
and allows millions of undocumented immigrants to come out of the shadows” and earn
a “tough but fair” pathway to citizenship.37 38 She said until Congress passes immigration
reform, “we need DACA and DAPA (the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and
Lawful Permanent Residents program) because we need to keep our families together.”39
Cortez Masto said she would have voted for the 2013 bipartisan comprehensive
immigration reform bill.40
Infrastructure
Cortez Masto supports increasing transportation funding, saying she would “fight for more
transportation funding like the I‑11 highway from Las Vegas to Phoenix, which will create
jobs, spur commerce, and encourage tourism between these two major cities.”41 She has
supported investing in transportation infrastructure to create new jobs and expanding
access to high‑speed broadband internet to rural communities.42 43
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Budget
Cortez Masto cut the Office of the Attorney General’s budget by 29.7 percent in the
proposed 2011‑2013 biennium budget, eliminating four full‑time positions.44
Middle-Class
Economics
Cortez Masto said she supports raising the minimum wage “so working Americans
can feed their families off the pay they earn.”45 She also voiced support for “legislation
that would prohibit employers from paying workers with disabilities less than their
counterparts.”46 Cortez Masto has said she favors “capping” the interest the federal
government can charge for student loans and allow borrowers to refinance the loans,
noting, “I think they should be lower interest.”47
Healthcare
Cortez Masto called the Affordable Care Act a “good law” that isn’t perfect and praised
the law for addressing “some of the most egregious practices of insurance companies
when it comes to pre‑existing conditions; children can stay on their parents’ health care
plans; being a woman should not be considered a pre‑existing condition.”48 49 She supports
repealing the Cadillac Tax – a 40 percent tax on expensive employer health benefit plans –
and addressing the cost of prescription drugs.50 Cortez Masto opposes repealing the law,
noting, “We can’t start by saying, ‘We want to repeal it.’”51
Trade
Cortez Masto said she opposed a “fast track” for trade deals like TPP and would “oppose
any trade deals that could result in more American jobs being shipped overseas.”52 She has
said trade deals “that affect the jobs of American workers should be debated in the open –
not negotiated in back‑room deals and then sent to Congress to be rubber‑stamped.”53
Financial
Services
Cortez Masto said she “refused to rubber‑stamp a nationwide settlement with the
big banks that was negotiated behind closed doors,” leading to “a historic $1.9 billion
settlement with Bank of America that brought some much‑needed relief to Nevada
families who were defrauded out of their homes by the big banks.”54 Her campaign
criticized Rep. Heck for voting for a bill that would “create a safe harbor from the penalties
under Wall Street reform for banks that originate non‑qualified mortgages that do not
comply with the ability‑to‑repay requirements” in the Dodd‑Frank Act.55
Supreme
Court
Appointment
Cortez Masto said the U.S. Senate “needs to do its job and give Judge Garland a fair
hearing.”56 She called on Rep. Heck “to drop the Washington‑speak and finally tell
Nevadans whether he agrees with me that Senate Republicans should do their jobs and
take up this vacancy.”57
MARATHON STRATEGIES
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NEW MEMBERS
Tammy Duckworth
(D-IL)
Replacing: Mark Kirk (R‑IL)
Previous Positions: Representative for Illinois’ 8th Congressional
District, United States House of Representatives; Assistant Secretary,
United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Director, Illinois
Department of Veterans Affairs; Helicopter Pilot, U.S. Army; Rotary
International.58
Education: BA, University of Hawaii; MA in International Affairs,
George Washington University; PhD in Human Services, Capella
University.59
Campaigned On: Budget and Spending; Civil Rights; Cutting Waste
and Fraud; Education; Energy and the Environment; Health Care;
Immigration; Jobs and the Economy; Medicare and Social Security;
National Security; Poverty; Reducing Gun Violence; Transportation;
Veterans’ Affairs; Women’s Rights60
ON THE ISSUES
8
Tax Reform
Duckworth opposes providing tax breaks to large corporations.61 She supports raising
the cap on earnings subject to a payroll tax to strengthen Social Security.62 Duckworth
also supports providing tax breaks for small‑ and medium‑sized businesses and ending
tax breaks for major companies that allow them to deduct bonuses given to employees
making more than $1 million.63 She criticized her opponent, Sen. Mark Kirk, for voting to
“protect tax loopholes for companies that ship jobs overseas.”64
Immigration
Reform
Duckworth called on Congress to “pass comprehensive immigration reform that
is practical, fair and humane” and includes a pathway to citizenship.65 She argued
undocumented immigrants “should go to the end of the lines, pay fines, fees and penalties,
learn a little English and work toward citizenship.”66 Duckworth also supports the DREAM
Act, which allows the children of undocumented immigrants to become permanent
residents.67 68
Infrastructure
Duckworth believes there must be bipartisan solutions for long‑term infrastructure
investment to create jobs.69 She supports a $478 billion infrastructure overhaul
plan funded by “restricting corporate tax inversions” that would develop a national
infrastructure bank and create 2 million jobs.70 Duckworth said she wants to create new
local jobs by investing in fixing roads and train lines nationwide and eliminating pipes that
contain lead.71
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Budget
Duckworth said Congress needs to re‑evaluate government spending, specifically
regarding tax breaks for large corporations and subsidies for oil and gas companies.72
She also said she supports a deficit reduction plan that would eliminate duplication and
waste.73 Duckworth sponsored the No Budget, No Pay Act after Congress failed to pass
a budget, and personally returned “more than ten thousand dollars of [her] own pay to
taxpayers and cut over a hundred thousand from [her] office budget.”74 Duckworth voted
for a defense funding bill that cut funding for “unnecessary” military construction projects,
made “needed reforms” and used a “rational budgeting approach that doesn’t place our
military at risk of drastic cuts.”75
Middle-Class
Economics
Duckworth supports expanding paid family leave, saying she believes the U.S. should
be a leader on this issue.76 She supports raising the federal minimum wage to $10.10 an
hour, which she claims will help individual workers and generate $22 billion in increased
economic activity.77 Duckworth also introduced a bill to make college more affordable
by allowing borrowers to refinance student loans at lower rates, adjusting Pell Grants for
inflation and making two‑year community colleges tuition‑free.78
Healthcare
Duckworth said that despite being “far from perfect,” the Affordable Care Act “made many
significant improvements to our health care system by giving patients more control over
their health care coverage and by holding insurance companies accountable.”79 She said
she wants to keep the parts of the bill that improve access for individuals and families
and fix portions that could place unfair burdens on small businesses.80 Duckworth also
supports repealing the medical device tax, which she said “needlessly burdens hospitals
and patients with additional costs.”81
Trade
Duckworth opposes the Trans‑Pacific Partnership, arguing the pact failed to address steel
dumping and Chinese currency manipulation.82 She called the compact “unfair to American
business owners,” arguing countries could change the country‑of‑origin label by saying a
project is made in a different country.83
Financial
Services
Duckworth praised the Department of Labor’s new “fiduciary rule,” which creates a
new regulatory standard for financial advisers who give retirement investment advice
and requires them to provide guidance that is in their client’s best interest and not their
own.84 She said, “The fiduciary rule would curb Wall Street abuse and save families,
pension funds and retirees tens of billions of dollars a year.”85 She also introduced a bill
to allow the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to “protect our Servicemembers from
financial predators.”86
Supreme
Court
Appointment
Duckworth expressed disappointment in Republican Sen. Mitch McConnell’s refusal to
consider any Supreme Court nomination by President Obama and said a constitutional
duty “does not cease to apply in an election year.”87
MARATHON STRATEGIES
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NEW MEMBERS
Kamala Harris
(D-CA)
Replacing: Barbara Boxer (D‑CA)
Previous Positions: Attorney General, California Office of the Attorney
General; District Attorney, San Francisco County; Assistant City
Attorney, San Francisco; Deputy District Attorney, San Francisco
County; Deputy District Attorney, Alameda County88
Education: BA, Howard University; JD, University of California,
Hastings College of Law89
Campaigned On: Civil Rights, Justice & Equality for All; Criminal
Justice Reform; Environment; Foreign Policy; Higher Education;
Immigration; K‑12 Education; Protecting Animals; Improving
opportunity.90
ON THE ISSUES
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Tax Reform
Harris has said she supports “closing corporate tax loopholes” and has criticized tax
breaks for companies that ship jobs abroad.91 She supports reintroducing the Research
& Development Tax Credit to help spur innovation and reward businesses that invest in
science and technology.92 She also supports expanding pro‑worker tax credits including
the earned income tax credit and child tax credit.93
Immigration
Reform
Harris supports “comprehensive immigration reform that protects our borders and
provides a fair and just pathway to citizenship.”94 She has said she will continue to
support President Obama’s executive actions on immigration until comprehensive reform
is passed.95 Harris supported the California DREAM Act, which allows undocumented
students to obtain financial aid at public universities.96 She has also said she supports
protecting worker rights regardless of immigration status.97
Infrastructure
Harris said she would follow Sen. Barbara Boxer’s lead and expand transportation
infrastructure to create jobs.98 She supports the creation of an infrastructure bank to
“repair and expand our transportation, water, and technology infrastructure.”99 However,
Harris said “we need to monitor [capital projects] for cost overruns and delays.”100
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Budget
Harris said she does not believe Washington should play “political games” with the budget
or debt ceiling and ensure the government remains funded.101 She said she supports
budgets that focus on far‑sighted investments and believes it is important to use the
budget to invest in “education, job training, water and transportation infrastructure and
renewable energy that can fuel and sustain long‑term economic growth.”102 Harris said
using the budget to invest in far‑sighted goals will ensure the U.S. remains competitive in
a 21st century economy.103
Middle-Class
Economics
Harris has called the current federal minimum wage “far too low” and supports a living
wage that is tied to inflation.104 Harris has said she supports the $15 per hour minimum
wage law in California.105 She also supports instituting a paid family leave policy and
expanding earned income tax credits and child tax credits.106 Harris has also supported
“allowing current borrowers to refinance at lower rates.”107 She has proposed a plan “to
make community college free for all” and “make college free for families earning less than
$140,000 a year.”108
Healthcare
Harris has supported the Affordable Care Act, saying she “vigorously defended” its
constitutionality as Attorney General.109 She continued, “This landmark law has brought
much‑needed reform and accountability to our health care system. And despite what
you may have heard, it’s changed millions of lives for the better.”110 Harris has also sued
pharmaceutical companies for antitrust violations, noting, “When prescription drug
companies unlawfully manipulate the marketplace to maximize profits, they put lives at
risk and drive up the cost of health care for everyone.”111
Trade
Harris opposes the Trans‑Pacific Partnership in its current form, saying she opposes any
trade deal “that doesn’t look out for the best interest of workers.”112 Harris said she would
support any trade deal that would increase exports and expand trading opportunities so
long as worker interests are taken into account.113
Financial
Services
In 2011, as California Attorney General, Harris rejected a $2 billion settlement offer
brokered by the Justice Department from major banks for their role in the 2008 mortgage
crisis and secured a $20 billion settlement deal instead.114 Sen. Elizabeth Warren referred
to Harris as an “experienced prosecutor who has consistently stood up to Wall Street.”115
Supreme
Court
Appointment
Harris said the Senate has a “constitutional obligation to consider that nominee fairly and
either confirm or reject the nomination.”116 Harris said in voting for a potential nominee
she would be most interested in the nominee’s views “on constitutional interpretation,
such as privacy and reproductive choice, civil rights and voting rights.”117
MARATHON STRATEGIES
11
NEW MEMBERS
Maggie Hassan
(D-NH)
Replacing: Kelly Ayotte (R‑NH)
Previous Positions: Governor, State of New Hampshire; State Senator
for the 23rd District (Majority Leader & President Pro Tempore), New
Hampshire State Senator; Business Attorney, Sullivan, Weinstein, and
McQuay; Associate General Counsel, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/
Partners Healthcare; Business Attorney, Palmer and Dodge118 119
Education: BA, Brown University; JD, Northeastern School of Law120
ON THE ISSUES
12
Campaigned On: Combating the Heroin & Opioid Crisis; Defense
& National Security; Economy, Jobs & Innovation; Education
& Workforce Development; Energy & the Environment; Fiscal
Responsibility; Fixing the Campaign Finance System; Fully Including
Individuals with Disabilities; Health Care; Innovate NH 2.0; LGTBQ
Equality; Protecting Social Security and Medicare; Public Safety;
Strengthening Our Roads, Bridges & Infrastructure; Supporting
the North Country; Veterans, Servicemembers & Military Families;
Women’s Health & Economic Security121
Tax Reform
Hassan supports ending tax breaks for companies that ship jobs overseas, eliminating
tax breaks for Big Oil, Wall Street and their lobbyists that allows lobbyists to “deduct
expenses at the local level, allow Wall Street financial institutions to defer taxes on foreign
transactions and allow Big Oil to write off expenses for drilling.”122 Hassan supports
enacting the Buffet Rule to ensure “middle class workers should never pay higher tax rates
than those at the top.”123 She also supports enacting a new $1,000 tax cut for middle class
families and eliminating “special interest tax breaks that we don’t need and can’t afford,
such as tax breaks for Big Oil, companies shipping jobs overseas and lobbyists.”124
Immigration
Reform
Hassan supports passing “comprehensive immigration reform” that would “[reverse] the
threat of sequestration’s cuts to funding for border security.”125 She supports increasing
the number of Border Patrol agents and properly funding border surveillance programs.126
Infrastructure
Hassan has called transportation infrastructure “critical” for New Hampshire and noted
she passed a transportation plan as governor to “begin fixing our highways, roads
and bridges and to finish the long‑overdue expansion of I‑93.”127 Hassan supports
encouraging public‑private partnerships for infrastructure projects at the federal level,
establishing a national infrastructure bank, “an independent government corporation that
would leverage public seed money to support infrastructure projects by state and local
governments and private companies,” boosting public transportation projects, expanding
broadband access and strengthening water infrastructure.128
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Budget
Hassan has touted her ability to “enact two fiscally responsible, balanced budgets that
protected critical economic priorities while holding the line against an income or sales
tax.”129 130 She has said she would focus on fiscal responsibility in the Senate, “reforming
the budget process through measures that include moving to biennial budgeting, cutting
wasteful spending by eliminating and consolidating duplicative and overlapping programs,
making data driven decisions to prevent Congress from pouring money into programs that
fail, strengthening Social Security and Medicare, and supporting priorities that promote
economic growth.”131 132
Middle-Class
Economics
Hassan supports increasing the federal minimum wage to $12 an hour, expanding the
Child Tax Credit, increasing access to paid family leave and allowing current and former
college students to refinance their loans at lower interest rates and cut interest rates for
new student loans.133
Healthcare
Hassan, who helped expand Medicaid in New Hampshire during her tenure as governor,
said she will defend Medicaid expansion in New Hampshire and “supports common‑sense
improvements to the Affordable Care Act to strengthen health care coverage and
reduce costs.”134 Hassan said she “will fight to protect Medicare from privatization or
voucher schemes.”135
Trade
Hassan opposes the Trans‑Pacific Partnership, saying it does not “do enough to
support Granite Staters.”136 She argued international trade “when done right, can help
New Hampshire’s innovative businesses compete across the country and in the global
economy.”137 Hassan said she “revitalized New Hampshire’s international trade office”
during her gubernatorial tenure “to help our businesses enter new markets around the
globe.”138
Financial
Services
Hassan supports ending tax breaks that “allow Wall Street financial institutions to defer
taxes on foreign transactions.”139 Hassan’s campaign criticized her opponent, Sen. Kelly
Ayotte, for supporting a bill that would allow borrowers to refinance federal student loans
with a private lender to obtain a lower interest rate, noting the conservative American
Enterprise Institute called Ayotte’s bill “a ‘sweetheart deal’ for Wall Street lenders.”140 Her
campaign also criticized Ayotte for voting “to protect taxpayer subsidies for bonuses for
Wall Street CEOs,” voting “for budgets that would repeal the Dodd‑Frank Wall Street
reform bill” and voting “for measures designed to weaken the Consumer Financial
Protection Bureau.”141
Supreme
Court
Appointment
Following the death of Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, Hassan said, “The Senate
needs to put politics aside and fulfill its constitutional duty by taking up a Supreme Court
nomination in a timely fashion. It would be completely unacceptable, and a clear sign of
Washington’s dysfunction, for the Supreme Court to be without a justice for a full year
because of partisan politics.”142
MARATHON STRATEGIES
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NEW MEMBERS
Chris Van Hollen
(D-MD)
Replacing: Barbara Mikulski (D‑MD)
Previous Positions: Representative for Maryland’s 8th Congressional
District, United States House of Representatives; State
Representative, Maryland State House of Representatives; Attorney,
Arent Fox; Senior Legislative Advisor, Governor William Schaefer,
Professional Staff Member, United States Senate Foreign Relations
Committee; Legislative Assistant, Office of U.S. Senator Charles
Mathias, Jr.143 144 145
Education: BA, Swarthmore College; MPP, Harvard University; JD,
Georgetown University146
Campaigned On: An Economy that Works for Everyone; Expanding
Educational Opportunity; Ending Gun Violence; Access to Affordable
and Quality Health Care; Keeping Our Promises to Seniors; Keeping
Our Promises to Veterans; Our Environment; Ending Secret Money
in Politics; The Struggle for Equal Rights and Equal Justice; Women’s
Health, Pay Equity and Choice; Immigration; National Security and
Foreign Policy147
ON THE ISSUES
14
Tax Reform
Van Hollen introduced a bill to pay for a six‑year transportation investment plan by
“closing loopholes that let big corporations avoid paying taxes in the United States.”148
The bill would have tightened restrictions on corporate inversion, raising $41 billion and
helping to fund a $478 billion infrastructure overhaul.149 He has supported a $1,000
paycheck bonus tax credit for workers earning up to $100,000 a year and a $250 tax
bonus for workers that save $500 for retirement.150 He has said he supports expanding the
Earned Income Tax Credit for low‑income workers.151
Immigration
Reform
Van Hollen supports “comprehensive immigration reform” with a “path to citizenship for
undocumented immigrants in our communities,” saying it would “boost growth, decrease
budget deficits, strengthen Social Security, and foster innovation.”152 He has called for
cutting “red tape” and reducing “wait times” in the legal immigration system.153 Van Hollen
also supported the DREAM Act, DACA and DAPA and President Obama’s executive
actions on immigration.154
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Budget
As the Ranking Member of the House Budget Committee, Van Hollen introduced budgets
to cut “pork barrel defense spending on certain unnecessary weapon systems that do
nothing to advance our security” and has supported ending the “Overseas Contingency
Operations as a slush fund for non‑war activities at the Department of Defense.”155
Middle-Class
Economics
Van Hollen supports raising the minimum wage, increasing child care tax credits and
guaranteeing earned paid sick leave.156 He also supported allowing “graduates to refinance
their loans to lower rates” and “increas[ing] income‑based repayment options” for
borrowers.157 He supports additional methods to make higher education affordable, “with
more Pell grants, flexible options to help students reduce time to graduate, and increased
resources to states to help lower tuition.”158
Healthcare
Van Hollen, who “played a key role in the passage of the Affordable Care Act and helped
lead the effort to ensure that young people can stay on their parents’ insurance plans
until age of 26,” has said he supports establishing a public option “to give Americans a
Medicare‑like choice within the health care exchanges.”159 He called the public option an
“important step” toward creating a Medicare for All System.160 Van Hollen has also said he
is working “to expand incentives that prioritize the quality of the care people receive over
the quantity of care.”161
Trade
Van Hollen opposed the final version of the Trans‑Pacific Partnership, arguing it fails
to include “strong provisions to prevent currency manipulation, protect workers and
safeguard the environment.”162 He voted against the fast‑track provision that would “rush
an agreement through Congress.”163
Financial
Services
Van Hollen introduced the CEO Employee Paycheck Fairness Act to “prevent big
corporations from getting tax breaks for CEO and executive bonuses unless they give
rank‑and‑file employees a raise too.”164 He has said he would pay for middle‑class tax cuts
by reducing tax breaks for the top one percent of earners and by levying a “small fee on
Wall Street transactions that will also help curb high‑risk trading.”165 Van Hollen said he
“worked closely with President Obama” to pass the Dodd‑Frank bill and would work to
“block Republican efforts to repeal that landmark law.”166
Supreme
Court
Appointment
Van Hollen called on Congress to confirm Merrick Garland following his appointment to
the Supreme Court.167 He said he would support “justices that recognize the Constitution
provides important boundaries and guidelines, but it is not something frozen in time. And
it has to be interpreted and implemented in the context of its true meaning applied to the
current circumstances.”168
MARATHON STRATEGIES
15
NEW MEMBERS
Todd Young
(R-IN)
Replacing: Daniel Coats (R‑IN)
Previous Positions: Representative for Indiana’s 9th Congressional
District, United States House of Representatives; Management
Consultant/Lawyer, Self; Deputy Prosecutor, Orange County, IN;
Legislative Assistant, Office of U.S. Senator Richard Lugar; Staffer, The
Heritage Foundation; Captain, United States Marine Corps; United
States Navy169 170
Education: BS, United States Naval Academy; MBA, University of
Chicago; MA, University of London JD; Robert H. McKinney School of
Law at Indiana University
Campaigned On: Agriculture; Education; Healthcare; Jobs & Economy;
Tax Reform; Spending & Balanced Budget; Medicare, Medicaid &
Social Security; National Defense; Pro‑Life; 2nd Amendment171
ON THE ISSUES
16
Tax Reform
Young has said he supports reforming the current tax code “with a simpler system” to
craft tax law that will “encourage job creation, make the American economy competitive
globally, and increase personal incomes, especially for middle income Americans.”172 Young
also supports lowering the top corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 25 percent and
“abandoning the practice of fully taxing foreign profits of U.S. companies after they’ve
already paid foreign taxes.”173 He said high corporate tax rates have pushed companies to
“relocate their operations overseas.”174
Immigration
Reform
Young has called for “securing the border first” but would “consider proposals which
require those who have entered the US illegally to apply for their visas from their home
countries and not from within the US.”175 176 He said, “Congress should work to find a
rational middle ground between granting an automatic path to citizenship for every illegal
immigrant, and a program of mass deportation.”177 Young said the U.S. must continue
to “invest in securing our borders” while understanding that the “biggest” immigration
problem facing the nation is when those with visas refuse to leave.178
Budget
Young said he is “in Congress to make sure that spending is even lower next year, and
the year after,” criticizing the nation’s $19 trillion debt.179 He supports adding a Balanced
Budget Amendment to the Constitution, arguing, “Hoosier families can’t spend more
than they earn without quickly going bankrupt, and the federal government should be no
different.”180 Young cosponsored a bill that cut federal spending for two years and enacted
spending caps; he was recognized as one of a handful of legislators who “voted for every
non‑defense related spending cut amendment during the government shutdown debate
in 2011.”181 He also touted helping draft a federal budget, as part of the House Budget
Committee, that cut $6 trillion over the next decade.182
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
Middle-Class
Economics
Young said Indiana voters elected him to Congress “because they wanted a new,
conservative approach to economic policies that would help increase the personal
incomes of all Americans.”183 He has said the minimum wage and overtime rules “ought
to be left up to state and local governments…so that we don’t adversely impact our
employers and our workforce.”184 Young voted against an amendment that would have
recommitted a government funding bill and reported it back to the House with an
amendment to raise the federal minimum wage to $8.20 an hour and eventually $10.10 an
hour after two years.185 186 Young also voted for a spending bill that extended the enhanced
Child Tax Credit and earned Income Tax Credit.187 188 He introduced a bill to “implement
market principals and create an alternative, debt‑free student financing option for higher
education.”189
Healthcare
Young supports repealing the Affordable Care Act, calling it “akin to a government
takeover of your healthcare.”190 He favors replacing the law with “common‑sense health
care reform that keeps your health decisions between you and your doctor – not between
you and the government.”191 He supports allowing Americans to buy insurance across
state lines and reform Medicare “to give patients the ability to choose coverage that suits
their needs.”192 Young also supports expanding health savings accounts, enacting “medical
liability reform that ends the practice of so‑called ‘defensive medicine’ and repealing the
medical device tax.”193 194 In 2014, the House passed Young’s bill to repeal the Affordable
Care Act’s 30‑hour definition of full‑time and replace it with a 40‑hour work week.195
Trade
Though he said the Trans‑Pacific Partnership “would grant access to additional overseas
markets for Hoosier farmers to sell their products,” Young does not yet support theTPP,
saying he has “real problems with specific provisions” in the agreement, including
intellectual property protections for biologics.196 197 He has said he is still “studying” the
deal, but he sees “merit in opening these and other markets to Indiana food and fiber.”198
He also supported Trade Promotion Authority, commonly known as fast track negotiating
authority, to help reach a compromise on TPP.199
Financial
Services
Young called the Dodd‑Frank financial reform bill “burdensome” and said the bill was
vague and “left it to regulators to fill in the blanks.”200 201 To address what he believes are
vague laws – such as Dodd‑Frank – Young introduced the REINS Act to “require Congress
to take an up‑or‑down, stand‑alone vote, and for the President to sign‑off on all new
major rules before they can be enforced.”202 Under Young’s bill, major rules include those
with an economic impact of $100 million or more.203
Supreme Court Young opposed holding hearings on Merrick Garland’s Supreme Court nomination, saying
Appointment
the “U.S. Senate is fulfilling its constitutional duty.” He argued the Republican‑controlled
Senate elected by the public was “advising this President about his nominees.”204 He also
said it would be “unfair” to the nominee and the public to hold hearings in a “highly‑
politicized, charged atmosphere.”205
MARATHON STRATEGIES
17
ENDNOTES
1.
The U.S. Senate runoff election for Louisiana will take place on
December 10 between Republican John Kennedy and Democrat
Foster Campbell. A single candidate did not receive a majority of
the votes during the November 8 election.
2.
Steven T. Dennis, “Schumer Sees Path to Senate Tax
Deal With Clinton in White House,” Bloomberg Politics,
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3.
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4.
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5.
Patrick Healy, “‘President Hillary Clinton?’ She Wants
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6.
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7.
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trump/.
8.
9.
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18
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
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MARATHON STRATEGIES
19
ENDNOTES
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20
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
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MARATHON STRATEGIES
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ENDNOTES
109.Kamala Harris, “Supreme Court should not cripple
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113.Sarah D. Wire, “Q&A California Senate Candidates Loretta
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22
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
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MARATHON STRATEGIES
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ENDNOTES
162.“An Economy That Works For Everyone,” Chris Van Hollen
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163.“An Economy That Works For Everyone,” Chris Van Hollen
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174.Rebecca Patrick, “US Senate: Bayh vs. Young,”
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176.Lauren Casey, “Decision 2012 questionnaire: Todd Young,”
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24
Meet the Freshmen: A Guide to the New Senate
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195.“House overwhelmingly approves Rep. Young’s bill
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201.Todd Young, “Rep. Young: Want Congress to Assert
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tutzman‑young‑discuss‑supreme‑court‑controversyother‑issues/.
MARATHON STRATEGIES
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