m
2π
sin√ xk
rcm = ∑mr ⁄ ∑m2
g=
9.8m/s
DID YOU
KNOW?
2a
sin α
p
=
mv
=
8
x
x
cos α
c=
m/s
2
ax2 + bx
+
c
=
0
∫ e3.00
dx =×e10
E = mc
2
–
4ac
–
b
±
√
b
2
2π
1
2
2
∆E
=
(∆m)c
1
=c
A = bh xω== ω0 + αt 2aT = ω = f
2
1
2
K =r mv
=
∑mr
⁄
∑m
4 πr 3
cm
a V =sin
2
α
sin
θ
=
=
3
1 8 2 TheCUnited
=
2πr
TH – TC
States
ranks
17th
among
nations
in
high
school
graduation
rate and
14th in
c
=× 10LI m/s
cos
α
2
e =
college graduation rate.
2
E = mc
2π
1
2
T2ab
= ω+=bf2
= 2ω=
+
αt
bh(a –ωb)
a
–
0
c
1
A=
2 About a third of high school mathematics students and two-thirds of those enrolled in dp
physical sciences have teachers who did not major
in the subject
are not
3 in college — orF
4
=
a
πr
–
T
certified to teach it.
V
=
dt
H
C
v
=3v0 + at
sin
θ
=
tanθ
CT= 2πr
TH – TC
b
c
H
Only 29 percent of American fourth grade students, a third of eighth grade students, and
barely 18 percent of 12th grade students perform at or above the proficient level in science.
ec =
“The Labor Department projects that by 2014 there
will be more than
TH while
2 million job openings in science, technology and engineering,
2 Americans graduating 2with degrees in those subjects is
the2number of
plummeting.” – The Economist, April 12, 2008
(a – b) = a – 2ab + b
dp
F=
a
dt
v =finished
v015th+in at
anθ = U.S. students recently
reading, 19th in math and
b14th in science in the ranking of 31 countries by the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development.
Those American undergraduates who leave science and engineering
majors for other majors are often highly qualified, and they are
disproportionately women and students of color. Only 20 percent of
students enrolled in engineering are women and less than 13 percent
are African-American or Hispanic.
In 2000, the number of foreign students studying physical sciences and
engineering in U.S. graduate schools surpassed, for the first time, the
number of U.S. students.
To learn more, visit:
www.nationalmathandscience.org
MULTIPLYING SUCCESS
TH
Corporate America has a business interest in creating more homegrown engineers, amid
growing evidence of an impending shortage. In the U.S., 62 percent of doctoral degrees
in engineering went to foreign nationals in 2006, compared with 50 percent in 2000,
according to a recent report from the American Society for Engineering Education.
It took slightly less than a decade for the U.S. trade balance in high-technology
manufactured goods to shift from a positive $40 billion in 1990 to a negative $50 billion
in 2001.
In BusinessWeek’s ranking of world information technology companies, only one of the top
10 is based in the U.S.
Only one of the 25 largest initial public offerings (IPOs) of stock in 2006 took place on
American exchanges. IPOs in Europe surpassed those in America – in both number and
dollar volume.
Nearly 60 percent of patents filed with the U.S. Patent Office in information technology
now originate in Asia.
The U.S. share of the world’s leading-edge semi-conductor manufacturing capacity
dropped from 36 percent to 11 percent in the past seven years.
More than half of all science and engineering degreed workers are 40 years or older and
26 percent are over 50 (National Science Foundation), yet less than 15 percent of U.S. students
have the math and science prerequisites to be successful (Southern Methodist University). Eighty
percent of jobs in the next decade will require some form of math and science (National
Science Foundation).
American students are increasingly at a global disadvantage. Thirty years ago, more than 30
percent of students attending college world-wide were Americans. Today, the United States
can claim only 14 percent – and the number is declining. The rest of the world is becoming
more educated (Tough Choices or Tough Times: The Report of the NEW Commission on the Skills of the
American Workforce, National Center on Education and the Economy, 2007).
During much of the 20th century, Americans entering the workforce were considered the
best educated in the world. But within the past 30 years, foreign countries can claim a
higher percentage of their entering workforce with the equivalent of a high school diploma
– and the United States continues to be surpassed (Tough Choices or Tough Times: The Report of
the NEW Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce, National Center on Education and the
Economy, 2007).