External Examination 2014
2014 LEGAL STUDIES
FOR OFFICE
USE ONLY
SUPERVISOR
CHECK
ATTACH SACE REGISTRATION NUMBER LABEL
TO THIS BOX
RE-MARKED
Tuesday 11 November: 1.30 p.m.
Time: 3 hours
Pages: 11
Questions: 12
Examination material: one 11-page question booklet
one 16-page script book
one SACE registration number label
Approved dictionaries may be used.
Instructions to Students
1.
You will have 10 minutes to read the paper. You must not write in your question booklet or script book during this
reading time but you may make notes on the scribbling paper provided.
2.
This paper is in two parts:
Part A: Short Responses (Questions 1 to 4)
Answer all parts of Questions 1 to 4 in the spaces provided in this question booklet.
Part B: Extended Responses (Questions 5 to 12)
Answer two questions from this part, one from Section 1 and one from Section 2.
Answer both questions in the separate script book.
3.
The marks for each part and each section and the suggested allotment of time are as follows:
Part A
Part B
Section 1
Section 2
Total
60 marks
100 minutes
20 marks
20 marks
100 marks
40 minutes
40 minutes
180 minutes
4.
Use only black or blue pens to write your answers.
5.
Attach your SACE registration number label to the box at the top of this page. Copy the information from your
SACE registration number label into the box on the front cover of your script book.
6.
At the end of the examination, place your script book inside the back cover of this question booklet.
PART A: SHORT RESPONSES (Questions 1 to 4)
(60 marks)
Answer all parts of Questions 1 to 4. Write your answers in the spaces provided for each
question. The allocation of marks is shown in brackets at the end of each part of each question.
1.
(a) Explain one reason for the federation of Australia.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(b) Identify three stages of the process of federation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (3
marks)
(c) Explain two features of the Australian constitutional system of government.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (4
2
marks)
(d) (i)
Define the term ‘terra nullius’.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) How did law-making responsibilities change as a consequence of the 1967
constitutional amendments?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Provide one reason why most Australian referendums have not been successful.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(e) Refer to the following extract.
Japan ordered to immediately stop whaling in Antarctic
The United Nations’ International Court of Justice (ICJ) has ruled Japan must immediately
stop its whaling program in the Antarctic. The ICJ’s 16-judge panel ruled twelve votes
to four in favour of Australia’s argument that Japan’s whaling program was not in fact
designed and carried out for scientific purposes.
The court ruled that Japan must revoke current whaling permits and refrain from issuing
any more.
Source: Adapted from ABC News 2014, ‘Japan ordered to immediately stop whaling in Antarctic as International
Court of Justice rules program was not carried out for scientific purposes’, ABC News, viewed 22 May 2014,
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-31/ijc-japan-whaling-southern-ocean-scientific-research/5357416/
(i)
Explain why the United Nations’ International Court of Justice heard this dispute.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain the relationship between international courts and Australian courts.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
TOTAL: 15 marks
3
PLEASE TURN OVER
2.
Refer to the following extract.
Daily News Express
@dailynews_express
Jesse Cove, 35 years, found guilty of armed robbery
by jury. Remanded in custody.
#deliveringjustice
(a) Identify three features of the adversary system.
(i)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(ii)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(b) In Jesse Cove’s dispute:
(i)
who has the burden of proof?
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) what is the standard of proof?
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(c) Outline two procedures that may take place during the post-trial stage of this dispute.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
4
marks)
(d) Deterrence is one aim of sentencing.
Identify and explain two other aims of sentencing.
(i)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ (2
(ii)
marks)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(e) Present an argument that proposes the abolition of the jury system.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (4
marks)
TOTAL: 15 marks
5
PLEASE TURN OVER
3.
(a) (i)
Explain one role of a Cabinet minister in the making of legislation.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(ii) Identify the types of Bills presented in parliament.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(b) Explain what is meant by the phrase ‘the sovereignty of the legislature’.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(c) Explain one method of supervising legislation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(d) Explain one reason why parliament delegates some law-making power to the executive.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(e) Identify two types of delegated legislation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
6
(1 mark)
(f ) Identify one method by which the legislature supervises delegated legislation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(g) Examine the cartoon and answer the question following.
Source: Christopher Meadows, 2014
Explain the relationship that exists between legislation and case law when judges resolve
disputes.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (4
marks)
TOTAL: 15 marks
7
PLEASE TURN OVER
4.
(a) (i)
Describe one role of the executive.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) Describe one role of the legislature.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Explain the importance of the separation of powers at the federal level.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(b) Explain the functions of Australian law.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (4
marks)
(c) Define the term ‘responsible government’.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(d) Define the term ‘representative government’.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
8
(1 mark)
(e) Define the term ‘the rule of law’. Use one example to illustrate your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2
marks)
(f ) Examine the cartoon and answer the question following.
Source: Christopher Meadows, 2014
Outline the three elements that Mr Jones must establish in order to succeed in a
possible claim of negligence.
(i)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(ii)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
TOTAL: 15 marks
9
PLEASE TURN OVER
PART B: EXTENDED RESPONSES (Questions 5 to 12)
Answer two questions from this part, one from Section 1 and one from Section 2.
Write your answers in the separate script book provided. Write the question numbers in the
appropriate box on the front cover of the script book and at the beginning of each answer.
SECTION 1 (Questions 5 to 8)
(20 marks)
Answer one question from this section. You must attempt all parts of the question. Label each
part of your answer.
The allocation of marks is shown in brackets at the end of each part of each question.
5.
(a) Discuss the role of private members’ Bills in the making of legislation.
(5 marks)
(b) Outline the main features of an inquisitorial system.
(5 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the effectiveness of the High Court of Australia in resolving
disputes.
6.
(a) Discuss the extent to which anti-discrimination legislation has protected the
rights of Indigenous Australians.
(5 marks)
(b) Outline how deadlocks between the two Houses of Commonwealth
Parliament may be resolved.
(5 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the operation of the division of legislative power between
the Commonwealth and the states or territories.
7.
(10 marks)
(a) Discuss the importance of unwritten conventions in the Australian
constitutional system of government.
(5 marks)
(b) Outline the reasons for arranging courts into a hierarchy.
(5 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the extent to which it is an appropriate role of judges to
create law.
8.
(10 marks)
(10 marks)
(a) Discuss the role of executive government in law-making.
(5 marks)
(b) Outline the process that led to the establishment of native title in Australia.
(5 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the effectiveness of alternative dispute resolution methods
— other than self-help — in resolving civil disputes.
(10 marks)
10
SECTION 2 (Questions 9 to 12)
(20 marks)
Answer one question from this section.
9.
‘Although delegated bodies play a key role in the Australian legal system, they
must be closely supervised.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement.
(20 marks)
10. ‘Although Australia’s constitutional system of government has been stable and
effective since federation, there is a strong argument for Australia to become a
republic.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement.
(20 marks)
11. ‘Australia's system of government would be enhanced if the legislative, executive,
and judicial arms were completely independent of one another.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement.
(20 marks)
12. ‘The adversary system should be reformed in order to more effectively deliver
justice for all groups in the community.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement.
(20 marks)
© SACE Board of South Australia 2014
11
PLEASE TURN OVER