Found Ships to Cruise Ships
There is an
interesting account in
the book by David
Woodman that
focuses on the oral
knowledge of the
local Inuit where he
writes “Some Inuit
said they had seen
the men on foot in
1850, two years after
they were all believed
to be dead. Another
said he had been on
one of the ships in
1849 and everybody
was fine.” Other
information comes
from the records of
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
Charles Francis Hall who searched for Franklin
on King William Island in 1869. Woodman’s
research of Halls record indicates that “Some
Inuit told Hall’s guides about seeing a ship lying
on its side with a hole in it. Others reported
seeing masts sticking above the water off King
William Island. One said he had seen a body on
a ship before it sank.”
In September 2016, the vessel Bergman and
her 10-member crew were part of the search for
the HMS Terror and were headed to liaison with
the Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker CCGS Sir
Wilfrid Laurier and the Royal Canadian Navy’s
HMCS Shawinigan. Those ships were at the
north end of Victoria Strait, the accepted
coordinates for the point of abandonment for
Terror.
One of Bergman’s crew,
Sammy Kogvik from Gjoa Bay,
said he had been snow
machining six year ago and saw
what looked like a mast sticking
up out of the sea ice of Terror
Bay. When this story was heard
by the captain and crew of the
Bergman, all agreed to detour to
Terror Bay, where they found on
3 September, 2016, the HMS
Terror. She had three masts
broken but still standing, most
hatches closed, and everything
stowed, in the middle of King
William Island’s uncharted Terror Bay.
——
It was crew member Sammy Kogvik who
recalled the sight of a mast in Terror Bay. He
was from Gjoa Bay, Nunavut. In 1903 Roald
Amundsen entered this bay, it is now Gjoa
Haven, on his ship Gjøa, during his expedition
through the Northwest Passage. Gjøa was
originally a 45-ton fishing vessel, and now with
a crew of six, it was outfitted with a small
gasoline engine.
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
In 1903, the straits of the Canadian Archipelago were
icing up by October, and Amundsen anchored in "the finest
little harbor in the
world”. They stayed
for nearly two years
on the southeast
coast of King William
Island where
Amundsen and his
crew learned from the
local Inuit how to live
off the land and travel
efficiently in the
Arctic.
Amundsen and his crew learned to use sled
dogs for transportation and for hauling gear.
Amundsen and Gjøa explored the
Boothia Peninsula, searching for the
exact location of the North Magnetic
Pole. Some Inuit people in Gjøa
Haven with European ancestry have
claimed to be descendants of
Amundsen or one of its six crew.
From 1903 to 1906, Amundsen
travelled from east to west through
the Arctic Archipelago. From where
Franklin ended, Amundsen made it
past King William Island via Peel
Sound, and then to the southern
coast of Victoria Island via the
Queen Maud and Coronation Gulfs.
From there Amundsen reached the
Beaufort Sea.
This map charts several notable Northwest
Passage expeditions, from 1576 to 1944,
including searches for Franklin’s lost ships.
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
And now, you can pay for your cruise through the Northwest Passage!
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
The Crystal Serenity
offers:
• Complimentary select fine
wines, champagne and
premium spirits.
• Complimentary gratuities for
all dining, bar, housekeeping
and Penthouse butler staff.
• On select days, theme
luncheons and dinners are
offered poolside and special wine dinners are held in ship's Vintage Room. Other
choices include the casual Lido buffet for breakfast and lunch; poolside grill for snacks
and casual lunch; The Bistro specialty coffee & wine bar for snacks all day and
evening. Afternoon tea is served in Crystal Serenity's Palm Court. Room service is
available 24 hours, with an extensive menu. Selections can be delivered during dinner
hours from the menu of the formal restaurant. Suite passengers can order from the
specialty restaurants.
From http://globalnews.ca/news/2908883/crystal-serenitys-journey-through-northwest-passage-draws-excitement-climate-change-fears/
and you can get a brochure here!
http://www.crystalcruises.com/special-offers/2016-northwest-passage-expedition
• Crystal Serenity is: 250 meters length, 32 m beam, 68,870 gross tonnage,
1090-1254 passengers and 635 crew. There are 13 decks, and 5 decks have personal
cabins for guests.
• HMS Terror was 31.09 m in length and 8.23 m beam with 30 hp steam engine. She
was 325 tons (BOM). Builder's Old Measurement is the method used in England from
approximately 1650 to 1849 for calculating the cargo capacity of a ship.
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
Icebreaker CCGS Amundsen.
[http://www.enr.gov.nt.ca/state-environment/73-trends-shipping-northwest-passage-and-beaufort-sea]
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
Now where to?
Marine Inventions
From wikipedia, etc.:
Steamships offered significant advantages: They were not dependent upon the wind for
propulsion, they were fast, and they were more maneuverable than sailing ships,
particularly along coastlines, where they could bombard forts and cities. Arguably the
most important enabler of steam-powered warships was the 1836 invention of the screw
propeller, which replaced the paddle wheel. The next major breakthrough was the
invention of the modern steam turbine engine in 1884, which was smaller, more
powerful and easier to maintain than the old piston-and-cylinder design. Today, steam
turbines generate about 80% of the world’s power.
Tide-Predicting Machine: As the Allies
planned their invasion of Europe in 1944,
they faced a dilemma: Should they land
on the beaches of Normandy at high tide
or low tide? The argument in favor of high
tide was that troops would have less
terrain to cross as they were subjected to
enemy fire. However, German Gen. Erwin
Rommel had spent months overseeing
the construction of obstacles and booby
traps—which he called a “devil’s
garden”—to thwart a potential Allied
landing. During high tide, the devil’s
garden would be submerged and virtually
invisible; but during low tide it would be exposed.
Ultimately, military planners concluded that the best conditions for an invasion would be
a day with an early-morning (but steadily rising) low tide. That way, landing craft could
avoid the German obstacles, and Army engineers could begin clearing them away for
subsequent landings. To complicate matters, the Allies also wanted a date when, prior
to the dawn invasion, there would be
sufficient moonlight to aid pilots in
landing paratroopers.
So the Allies consulted meteorologists
and other experts to calculate the dates
when the tides and the moon would meet
the ideal conditions. Among those
experts was Arthur Thomas Doodson, a
British mathematician who had
constructed one of the world’s most
precise tide-predicting machines—which
reduced the risk of ships running
aground when entering a harbor.
Doodson’s machine was essentially a
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Found Ships to Cruise Ships
primitive computer that produced calculations using dozens of pulley wheels. Doodson
himself calculated the ideal dates for the D-Day invasion—a narrow set of options that
included June 5-7, 1944. The Allied invasion of Europe commenced on June 6 [http://
www.smithsonianmag.com/history/ten-inventions-that-inadvertently-transformedwarfare-62212258/?no-ist]
Other themes to guide our
exploration of geography, our
oceans, and the sciences.
• Astrolabe (2nd century),
compass (12th century),
sextant (1757), Loran, GPS,
and inertial motion.
• Clocks, timepieces and
chronometers. Solving the
longitude problem.
• Electric lights - Nansen had them aboard Fram
• Sonar, radar and modern oceanographic equipment (reversing
thermometer, Nansen bottles, CTDs…)
• Major oceanographic expeditions and what we know today.
• The general circulation of the worlds oceans, from the Great
Conveyer Belt to wind driven currents.
The “five greatest marine inventions” are
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
[http://uk.boats.com/reviews/5-of-the-greatest-marine-inventions/]
:
marine chronometer
internal combustion engine
screw propeller (Archimedes; screw 3rd century B.C.)
radar
gps
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