Study Guide for Chapter 15 – Bones and Muscles
The following questions all concern things we’ve read about in the text, discussed in class,
watched in movies, worked on with models or activities, or completed on worksheets. Please...
- Study the notes we took in class
- Reread chapter selections
- Study worksheets we never collected, which you graded yourself in class.
These are SOME questions you should be able to answer if you have been studying.
(10-15 minutes EVERY NIGHT is all it takes to be an expert)
1) What are the three main components of the skeletal system?
2) What are the four main purposes of the skeletal system?
3) What are osteoblasts?
4) What does secrete mean? What is calcium?
5) What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?
6) What is a lattice? Why is it important?
7) What is marrow? Where is it found? What are its two main purposes?
8) What is cartilage? Where is it found? What is its main purpose?
9) What is a joint?
10) List and describe the motion of the four major joint we talked about in class. Include a
common example for each joint.
11) What are tendons? What are ligaments?
12) What are some diseases, conditions, or injuries found in bones? Describe…
13) What is a lever? What are the main parts of a lever? What is the main purpose of a lever?
14) Describe how bones can act as levers in the human body.
15) What is mechanical advantage? Why is it useful?
16) Can you name the major bones / bone groups of the body, and identify where they are?
17) What are the three types of muscles? Where are they located? What is their function?
18) What is voluntary muscle? Involuntary?
19) Muscles can only do one motion = contract (squeeze together smaller). How can that help
us move in all different direction?
20) What is a flexor muscle? Extensor muscle?
21) Why do most muscles work in pairs? Why are some muscles in a pair stronger than other
muscles in the same pair?
22) How do muscles help the levers (bones) in your body?
23) A muscle on one bone has a tendon that attaches to another bone. Why?
24) How do we make muscles stronger? How do we make muscles work longer?
25) What is endurance? What is aerobic exercise?
26) What are some of the diseases, conditions, or injuries found in muscles? Describe…
27) Can you name the major muscles of the body that we described in class?
Vocabulary Words:
osteoblasts
secrete
calcium
compact bone
spongy bone
lattice
periosteum
marrow
cartilage
joint
hinge joint
gliding joint
ball and socket
suture/fixed joint
pivot joint
tendon
ligament
osteoporosis
arthritis
voluntary
sprain
involuntary
smooth
flexor
cardiac
extensor
skeletal
aerobic
mechanical advantage
lever
fulcrum
effort
load
strain
tendonitis
NOTE: Please understand that this is not guaranteed to be a complete list of questions or
vocabulary words. If it was discussed in class, notes, worksheets, readings, etc. it
can show up on a test or quiz.