5.32
Mergens Pond Watershed Management Plan ..................................................... 5.32-1
5.32.1 General Information ............................................................................. 5.32-1
5.32.2 Water Quality Management Plan .......................................................... 5.32-2
5.32.2.1 Water Chemistry .................................................................... 5.32-3
5.32.2.2 Biological Data ...................................................................... 5.32-4
5.32.3 Water Quantity Management Plan ........................................................ 5.32-4
5.32.4 Groundwater ........................................................................................ 5.32-5
5.32.5 References ............................................................................................ 5.32-5
List of Tables
Table 5.32-1 Summary of Mergens Pond summer average water quality (2003-2012) ............... 5.32-3
List of Figures
Figure 5.32-1
Mergens Pond Watershed – Subwatersheds and Flow Routing .............. 5.32-7
Figure 5.32-2
Mergens Pond Watershed – Current (2010) and Future (2030) Land Use ........
............................................................................................................. 5.32-8
Figure 5.32-3
Mergens Pond Water Quality Data Summary ........................................ 5.32-9
Figure 5.32-4
Mergens Pond Water Level Data ......................................................... 5.32-10
List of Appendices
Appendix A-5.32
Additional Macrophyte Information
Appendix C-5.12
Additional Phytoplankton Information
Appendix D-5.12
Additional Zooplankton Information
Appendix E-5.12
Eagle Point Lake Operating Plan
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5.32 Mergens Pond Watershed Management Plan
5.32.1 General Information
Mergens Pond Watershed Information
Tributary Area (acres)
MDNR-Designated Basins within
Watershed
Downstream Watershed
1,383
82-0482W (Mergens
Pond)
Landlocked
(Overflows to Rest
Area Pond)
Mergens Pond Information
MDNR Designation
Surface Area (acres)
Mean Depth (feet)
Maximum Depth (feet)
Volume Below Discharge Elevation
(acre-feet)
Discharge Elevation
Outlet Type
MDNR Ordinary High Water Level
(OHW)
100-Year Flood Level
VBWD “Allowable Fill”
(cubic yards/lineal foot of shoreline)
(See Section 4.7.)
VBWD Water Quality Priority
Category
82-0482W
Main: 8.1, South 2.1,
North: 0.9
Not Determined
Not Determined
Not Determined
879
Landlocked
(Overland)
Not Determined
852.5
1.2
Low
Mergens Pond is an 11-acre pond located
north of 10th Street North (CSAH 10) and
west of Oakgreen Avenue North
(CSAH 69), in West Lakeland Township.
The pond is made up of three basins; the
largest, main basin is a Minnesota
Department of Natural Resources public
water wetland (MDNR #82-0482W). The
tributary area of Mergens Pond is
1,383 acres and is entirely within West
Lakeland Township. Figure 5.32-1 shows
the tributary area. Included in the tributary
area is an area once believed to be
landlocked. During the Christmas Ridge
permit review, it was determined that the
6-acre pond in MRG-23 (see Figure 5.321) overflows at Elevation 885.2 and that
overflows from that depression will occur
during the 100-year 10-day snowmelt and
longer events.
The Mergens Pond subdivision is located
adjacent to the northwest corner of
Mergens Pond. Approximately 50 percent
of the Mergens Pond tributary area is
currently developed as rural residential
homesites, with the remaining land
undeveloped. Estimated future (2030) land
use includes rural or large-lot residential
development throughout the entire
watershed. Figure 5.32-2 shows the
current (2010) and estimated future (2030)
land use in the Mergens Pond watershed.
Recreational use of Mergens Pond is
currently limited to lake residents who use
the lake for aesthetic viewing, canoeing,
and duck hunting.
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The northern portion of the Mergens Pond watershed is within the Baytown/West Lakeland
Township Groundwater Contamination Site and Special Well Boring and Construction Area
(SWBCA). See Section 4.2 and Section 5.32.4 for more information.
5.32.2 Water Quality Management Plan
The VBWD classified and will manage Mergens Pond as a Low Priority waterbody (see Section 4.1 –
Water Quality) due to the lack of public access and likelihood of it being classified as a wetland by
the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA). This is consistent with its classification in the
2005 VBWD Plan, but differs slightly from the 1995 Plan, in which Mergens Pond was classified as
a Level III/V waterbody.
The water quality of Mergens Pond is generally poor. The VBWD has a non-degradation water
quality policy which sets “action triggers” for all of its major waterbodies. Section 4.1 – Water
Quality discusses the action triggers in more detail. Action triggers for VBWD lakes consider the
following water quality parameters (summer average) relative to MPCA water quality standards and
prior water quality data (i.e., trend analysis):

Secchi disc depth

Total phosphorus

Chlorophyll a
Specific water quality implementation tasks for Mergens Pond include the following:
1. The VBWD will cooperate with other entities to monitor the water quality of Mergens Pond
at the interval(s) specified in Section 4.1 – Water Quality for Low Priority waterbodies. As
for all Low Priority waterbodies, the VBWD will perform additional monitoring or other
actions on a case-by-case (see Table 4.1-6).
The VBWD will evaluate the average summertime water quality (total phosphorus,
chlorophyll a, and Secchi disc transparency) and compare it to water quality standards (if
applicable) and applicable action triggers (described in Section 4.1.7.5).
2. The VBWD will cooperate with other entities in support of macrophyte management efforts.
VBWD efforts may include:

point-intercept surveys of aquatic vegetation

preparation of lake vegetation management plans (LVMP)

completion of Invasive Aquatic Plant Management (IAPM) Permit applications

design of herbicide treatment programs
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
participation in meetings with MDNR staff

other technical analysis
3. The VBWD will continue to implement its Rules and Regulations (2013, as amended) in the
Mergens Pond watershed. The VBWD Rules address water quality performance standards for
development and redevelopment projects, as well as required vegetated buffers around
VBWD lakes, streams, and wetlands. The VBWD Rules and Regulations are included i n this
Plan as Appendix A-4.5.
5.32.2.1 Water Chemistry
Water quality sampling has been conducted on Mergens Pond since 2000. Since then, water quality
sampling has been performed in 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2008. Water quality samples are typically
analyzed for total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, while Secchi disc transparency is measured in the
field at the time of sampling (see Appendix A-4.1 – Water Quality Background Information).
The 10-year average summer water quality data (for the period from 2003 through 2012) is presented
in Table 5.32-1. Mergens Pond water quality data is presented graphically in Figure 5.32-3.
Table 5.32-1
1
Summary of Mergens Pond summer average water quality (2003-2012)
Parameter
Units
10-year
Average
(2003-2012)
Total Phosphorus
ug/L
183
None
NA
Chlorophyll a
ug/L
84.0
None
NA
Secchi Disc Depth
m
1.0
None
NA
Trend in
Average
MPCA
Standard1
MPCA eutrophication water quality standards are not applicable to wetlands
Water quality in Mergens Pond is generally poor, with a 10-year summer average total phosphorus
concentration of over 180 ug/L. The worst water quality was observed in the most recent year of
sampling, 2008. In 2008, the summer average chlorophyll a concentration increased dramatically,
while Secchi disc transparency decreased to less than 0.3 meters (see Figure 5.32-3). The summer
average total phosphorus concentration in 2008 was more than four times that observed in 2000,
2003, and 2004.
The most recent 10-years of data identify no statistically significant trends in total phosphorus,
chlorophyll a, or Secchi disc transparency.
The VBWD performed a bathymetric survey of Mergens Pond in 2007.
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5.32.2.2 Biological Data
Biological data including macrophyte (large aquatic plant), phytoplankton (non-rooted floating plants
– algae), zooplankton (microscopic aquatic animals), and fisheries data can provide insight into the
ecological quality of a waterbody. Section 4.2 (Water Quality Background Information) provides
more information about the importance of fisheries and other biological data.
The Mergens Pond fishery is not managed by the MDNR, and no surveying or stocking programs are
currently in place. Mergens Pond does not have a fisheries-use classification and no fish consumption
advisories have been posted for the pond. The MDNR’s
Lakefinder website includes the most current data on Mergens Pond and is available at:
http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/lakefind/lake.html?id=82048200
The VBWD conducted macrophyte surveys on Mergens Pond on May 25, 2007, and June 8, 2009.
The results of those surveys are presented in Appendix A-5.32. The VBWD collects macrophyte data
to identify the conditions of plant growth throughout the lake. Macrophytes are the primary
producers in the aquatic food chain, converting the basic chemical nutrients in water and soil into
plant matter through photosynthesis, which becomes food for all other aquatic life. While
macrophytes can negatively impact the recreational use of a water body, they are critical to the
ecosystem as fish and wildlife habitat. Mergens Pond has a population of six to eight species of
emergent, floating, and submerged plants. The most common emergent plants are bulrushes (Scirpus
sp.) and the most common submerged plant was Canada waterweed (Elodea canadensis). All
macrophytes observed in Mergens Pond are native to Minnesota.
To date, no phytoplankton (non-rooted, floating plants – algae), or zooplankton (microscopic aquatic
animals) data has been collected for Mergens Pond.
5.32.3 Water Quantity Management Plan
While the water levels of landlocked basins (like Mergens Pond) can fluctuate greatly, the waters
levels in Mergens Pond are relatively stable. Washington County’s 2000 topography shows the water
level of Mergens Pond was Elevation 831.3. The 1949 United States Geologic Survey (USGS)
quadrangle map shows the water level of Mergens Pond was below Elevation 830. Water levels
measured from 2008 to 2010 fluctuated between 827 and 830 feet (NGVD29 datum). The VBWD has
estimated the normal water level of Mergens Pond to be 832.5. 2011 LiDAR data suggests that when
the pond water levels reach Elevation 834, the three basins become one.
Mergens Pond lies at the bottom of a deep depression which has no surface water outlet . The
overflow from the Mergens Pond area is located approximately 1,000 feet south of 10th Street North
(CSAH 10). The overflow elevation is approximately Elevation 879, according to a developer's
topographic map. If the area were to overflow, water would flow to south and eventually reach the
Minnesota Department of Transportation’s (MnDOT) I-94 Rest Area Pond.
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The VBWD 1987 water management plan showed the Mergens Pond 100-year flood elevation to be
Elevation 850. For the VBWD’s 1995 water management plan, the 100-year flood level was changed
to Elevation 852.5. The higher elevation was calculated using VBWD’s 100-year annual runoff
method (see Section 4.7) and a 1,492-acre drainage area. At this elevation, Mergens Pond would
extend over one half mile, from the center of Section 29, T29N, R20W to south of 10th Street North
(CSAH 10), possibly inundating the circle road connecting to 10th Street North. There are no known
homes around Mergens Pond with low entry elevations below the 100-year flood level.
In 2013, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) published Atlas 14,
Volume 8 (see Section 4.7.6). Atlas 14 contains updated precipitation data for Minnesota and
supersedes data sources used to establish the VBWD and FEMA 100-year flood elevations within the
Mergens Pond subwatershed. Over the next several years, the VBWD will update its hydrologic hydraulic modeling of major subwatersheds, including Mergens Pond. Updated modeling will
incorporate the most recent precipitation data (see Section 4.7.7) which may increase 100 -year flood
levels relative to the existing levels.
VBWD has no plans to control Mergens Pond water levels. The VBWD monitored water levels in
Mergens Pond from 2008 to 2010. The VBWD will continue to monitor water levels in Mergens
Pond as staff or volunteer time and access allow.
5.32.4 Groundwater
The northern portion of the Mergens Pond watershed lies within the Baytown Township Groundwater
Contamination Site and Special Well and Boring Construction Area (SWBCA). Following the
detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater in 1987 and 1988, the Minnesota
Department of Health (MDH) issued a well-drilling advisory (now SWBCA) for portions of West
Lakeland Township, Baytown Township, and the City of Bayport. This advisory puts limits on the
construction of new wells, and requires additional water testing of new wells. The SWBCA remains
in effect as of the writing of this Plan.
More information regarding the Baytown/West Lakeland Township Groundwater Contamination Site
and SWBCA is included in Section 4.2.6.3 of this Plan. Current information about this site can be
obtained from the MDH and the MPCA.
5.32.5 References
Barr Engineering Company. September 1995. Water Management Plan, Valley Branch Watershed
District.
Barr Engineering Company. December 2005. Valley Branch Watershed District Watershed
Management Plan.
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. 2014. Baytown Township Groundwater Contamination Site.
http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/waste-and-cleanup/cleanup/remediationsites/baytown-township-groundwater-contamination-site.html
2015 Valley Branch Watershed District Watershed Management Plan
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National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2013. Atlas 14 Precipit ationFrequency Atlas of the United States – Volume 8.
Valley Branch Watershed District. April 1987. Watershed Management Plan.
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DWN-20
DWN-8
DWN-1
BAY-24
82-461 W
Eden
Park
Pond
15
MRG-28
19
WLS-25
62-1P
MRG-12
FL-100 = 872.7
= 861
WLS-13 NL
AF
= 500
WLS-18
WLS-17
AF
OHW
&
WLS-12
82-488 W
WLS-15
WLS-4
WLS-3
7
6
5
4
15
FAL-1
DNR Protected Waters Designation
FL-100 = 852.5
NL
= 832.5
AF
= 959
WLS-5
West
Lakeland
Storage
Site
WLS-2
&
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WLS-11
32
WLS-6
71
!
(
10
7
4
6
5
WLS-10
WLS-9
WLS-1
FAL-3
MRG-3
MRG-5
FAL-4
Municipal Boundary
Semi-Landlocked: Basin does not overflow in the 100-year
24-hour rainfall total or the 100-year 10-day
snowmelt event, but does overflow when
calulating its 100-year flood level based on
the VBWD simplified method or the 1%
probablility flood level.
10th St N
RAP-7
MRG-4
RAP-8
RAP-9
33
RAP-4
FAL-5
WLS-7
RAP-3
DNR Established Ordinary High Water Elevation
Landlocked: Basin does not overflow using VBWD simplified
method for calculating its 100-year flood level or
using a more detailed analysis, such as the 1%
probability flood level.
RAP-6
WLS-8
Acre Feet of Storage at 100 Year Flood Level
Section Lines
VBWD Legal Boundary
27
28
RAP-5
MRG-6
Normal Level
MN-DOT Pipe
MRG-8
MRG-2
100 Year Flood Level
Pipe
82-482 W
Mergens
Pond
MRG-7
MRG-11
&
&
&
MRG-17
Lakes, Ponds Wetlands,
Approximate 100 Year Flood Surface Level
Project 1007
- Catch Basin
&
. Manhole Cover
!
Open Channel
MRG-1
MRG-10
&
WLS-14
31 WLS-16
MRG-16
MRG-9
WLS-19
&
Subwatershed Designation
Lakes, Ponds, Wetlands,
Approximate Normal Water Surface Level
West Lakeland Township
29
MRG-13
!
.
&
&
-
Subwatershed Divide
Overflow Path from Semi-Landlocked Watershed
MRG-21
MRG-18
MRG-15
82-74 P
HRS-1
82-112 W
SLV-1
NL
30
ROS-1
22
21
FL-100
WLS-20
HRS-2
Horseshoe
Lake
RAP-12
Major Watershed Divide
Overflow Path from Landlocked Watershed
(Non-Contributing Subwatershed)
MRG-20
MRG-14
WLS-21
25
1500
Silver Lake Watershed
65
!
(
WLS-23
HRS-3
I
LEGEND
BAY-17
MRG-23
WLS-27
WLS-22
FL-100 = 878
NL
= 875.2 (870)
AF
= 521
OHW = 876.8
36
MRG-25
0
Scale in Feet
MRG-19
DWN-35
Rose
Lake
BAY-15
750
BAY-18
BAY-23
WLS-26
WLS-24
HRS-5
DWN-34
HRS-6
1,500
BAY-5
BAY-4
WLS-28
HRS-4
HRS-7
BAY-22
MRG-22
DWN-3
DWN-36
HRS-8
20
DWN-4
82-110 W
DWN-33
15
BAY-14
Subwatershed Contributing Runoff
DWN-2
DWN-26
16
BAY-16
Downs
Lake
82-463 W
MCD-39
BAY-6
BAY-20
BAY-3
BAY-2
BAY-7
DWN-6
FL-100 = 893
NL
= 887.6
AF
= 640
OHW = 889.1
DWN-25
BAY-21
BAY-19
MRG-24
MRG-27
FL-100 = 921
7
6
5
Lake Elmo 4
24
MRG-26
BAY-8
82-11 W
FL-100 = 891.5
NL
= 875
AF
= 650
OHW = 885.2
30th St N
DWN-5
Bay
Lake
Oakgreen Ave N
DWN-23
BAY-1
17 BAY-13
Neal Ave N
DWN-21
DWN-7
Airport
Manning Ave N
DWN-22
DWN-24
Baytown Township
18 Lake Elmo
13
82-462 W
DWN-9
RAP-2
34
Figure 5.32-1
FAL-8
BRT-1
!
.
!
.
!
.
MERGENS POND WATERSHED
Valley Branch Watershed District
3,000
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Current (2010) Land Use
Future (2030) Land Use
65
65
©
¨
©
¨
7
6
5
4
7
6
5
4
10
10
71
71
©
¨
Current (2010) Land Use
Farmstead
Seasonal/Vacation
Single Family Detached
Manufactured Housing Park
Single Family Attached
Multifamily
Retail and Other Commercial
Source: Metropolitan Council 2010
©
¨
Office
Golf Course
Mergen's Pond Subwatershed
Mixed Use Industrial
Railway
VBWD Legal Boundary
Mixed Use Residential
Mixed Use Commercial and Other
Industrial and Utility
Extractive
Institutional
Park, Recreational or Preserve
Major Highway
Airport
Future (2030) Land Use
Major Subwatershed Boundary
I
Agricultural
Undeveloped
Water
2,000
Agricultural
0
Feet
Rural or Large-Lot Residential
Single Family Residential
Multifamily Residential
Commercial
2,000
1 inch = 2,000 feet
4,000
Industrial
Rights-of-Way (i.e., Roads)
Mergen's Pond Subwatershed
Mixed Use
Airport
VBWD Legal Boundary
Institutional
Multi-Optional Development
Park and Recreation
Open Space or Restrictive Use
Railway (inc. LRT)
Vacant or Unknown
Major Subwatershed Boundary
Open Water
Figure 5.32-2
MERGEN'S POND WATERSHED
CURRENT (2010) AND FUTURE (2030) LANDUSE
2015-2025 Watershed Management Plan
Valley Branch Watershed District
Mergens Pond June-Sept. Secchi Disk Transparency
June-Sept. Average Secchi Disk
Transparency (m)
2000
0.0
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
June-Sept. Average Chlorophyll a (ug/L)
Mergens Pond June-Sept. Average Chlorophyll a
350.0
300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
June-Sept. Average Total Phosphorus
(ug/L)
Mergens Pond June-Sept. Average Total Phosphorus
450.0
400.0
350.0
300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
Figure 5.32-3
Mergens Pond Water Quality
2015 - 2025 Watershed Management Plan
Valley Branch Watershed District
855
850
Water Level
100-Year Flood Level
840
835
830
Date
Observed elevations in NGVD29 datum
Pond is landlocked
Entire Water Body Dry: Summer 2009
9/27/2010
3/11/2010
8/23/2009
2/4/2009
7/19/2008
825
1/1/2008
Elevation (ft, MSL)
845
Figure 5.32-4
MERGENS POND WATER LEVELS
2015 - 2025 Watershed Management Plan
Valley Branch Watershed District
Appendix A-5.32 Additional Macrophyte Information
Legend
Emergent Plants
Floating Leaf Plants
Submerged Aquatic Plants
Submerged Aquatic Plants
Scirpus fluviatilis
Scirpus atrovirens
Scientific Name
Canada waterweed
Elodea canadensis
Floating Leaf Plants
Scirpus validus
Scirpus atrovirens
Elodea canadensis - 1-2
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Common Name
No Aquatic Vegetation
Common Name
Scientific Name
spatterdock
Nuphar variegata
great duckweed
Spirodela polyrhiza
lesser duckweed
Nuphar variegata
Lemna minor
Emergent Plants
Scirpus fluviatilis
Common Name
Scientific Name
green bulrush
Scirpus atrovirens
softstem bulrush
Scirpus validus
river bulrush
Elodea canadensis - 3
reed canary grass
Scirpus fluviatilis
Phalaris arundinacea
Scirpus validus
;
!
N
0
200
400
600
Feet
0
50
100
150
Meters
Imagery Source: 2006 AE
Nuphar variegata
FIELD NOTES:
- Macrophyte densities estimated as follows:
1=light; 2=moderate; 3=heavy
- Densities generally not noted for emergent and floating leaf plants
- Pond depth 4-5.5' max
- Heavy Algal blooms
- Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza present
- Entire pond perimeter surrounded with Phalaris arundinacea
MERGEN'S POND MACROPHYTE
SURVEY RESULTS
May 25, 2007
Valley Branch Watershed District
Legend
Dry
Emergent Plants
Floating Leaf Plants
Submerged Aquatic Plants
Submerged Aquatic Plants
No Aquatic Vegetation
None Found
Floating Leaf Plants
Nuphar variegata
Scirpus fluviatilis
Scirpus atrovirens
Scirpus validus
Common Name
Scientific Name
spatterdock
Nuphar variegata
Scirpus atrovirens
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Emergent Plants
Scirpus fluviatilis
Common Name
Scientific Name
green bulrush
Scirpus atrovirens
river bulrush
Scirpus fluviatilis
softstem bulrush
Scirpus validus
dock
Rumex sp.
American Water plantain
Alisma subcordata
0
200
400
600
Feet
0
Scirpus validus
50
100
150
Meters
Imagery Source: 2008 AE
Nuphar variegata
FIELD NOTES:
- Macrophyte densities estimated as follows:
1=light; 2=moderate; 3=heavy
- Densities generally not noted for emergent and floating leaf plants
- Pond depth 2.5-3.0' max
- Entire pond perimeter surrounded with Phalaris arundinacea
- Low water level
- Plants near perimeter
- Dry areas have Rumex sp. and Alisma subcordata present
MERGEN'S POND MACROPHYTE
SURVEY RESULTS
June 8, 2009
Valley Branch Watershed District