Poets and the Poetry
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Poets and the Poetry
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Poets and the Poetry.................................................................................................................... 1
Poets and Poetry in the Holy Quran: ......................................................................................... 3
What Allahazwj Says about the Poets and the Poetry in the Holy Quran ....................................... 4
The Verses in the Religious Rituals: ........................................................................................... 5
Reward for Reciting Poetry about Hussainasws.......................................................................... 10
Poetry Recitation During the Period of Mourning .................................................................... 10
Imam Mohammed Baqirasws Leaves some Wealth for Lamenters:............................................. 10
Rasool Allahsaww Allowed ‘Laments’ for other than Ahl Al-Baytasws:........................................... 10
The First Poet was Prophet Adamas: ........................................................................................ 11
What is the ‘‫‘ ’ ِذ ْكرُُاللَّ ُِه‬Zikr Allahazwj’ which is a Must under All Conditions: ................................... 13
The Acts of Devotion of Various People: ................................................................................. 14
Reciting ‘Name of Allah’ in the Start of a Poetry ...................................................................... 15
Abu Abdullahasws Recites Verses of a Poet: .............................................................................. 15
Verses Compiled by Abu Talibasws: ........................................................................................... 15
Earnings of the lamenting woman:.......................................................................................... 16
The poetry which women sing: ............................................................................................... 16
Example of Forbidden Poetry.................................................................................................. 17
Words of Amir-ul-Momineenasws against Tale-telling Poems: ................................................... 19
Sermon of Amir-ul-Momineenasws in Al-Basra in refutation of Ibn Al-Aas .................................. 19
Appendix: Further Verses from the Holy Quran on ‘Poet’ and Poetry ................................... 20
CHAPTER 37 - VERSES 36 - 42 .............................................................................................. 20
CHAPTER 69 - VERSES 38 TO 52 ........................................................................................... 21
CHPTER 73 - VERSES 4 TO 6 ................................................................................................. 22
CHAPTER 74 - VERSES 11 TO 30 ........................................................................................... 23
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Poets and Poetry in the Holy Quran:
Poetry is a form of communication, in which concise and beautiful combination of
words (usually rhythmic) leave lasting impressions on people’s minds. A good piece
of prose through thought-provoking and fascinating combination of words has the
similar effect. When our ears like certain words of wisdom which have a smooth
narrative effect, we tend to remember those words.
The first one who compiled poems was Prophet Adamas, who thanked Allahazwj for
the numerous bounties and elegised on the killing of his Noble sonas.1 Iblisla also
copied it but for spreading of the false words, luring people towards Hell, in the form
of songs, tale-telling. Hence ‘poetic’ verses exist from the time of the first human
being on the earth. The use of poetry was widely spread during the time of the Last
Prophet of Islamsaww, but mostly practiced by the illicit and unproductive purposes.
However, those on the Divine Path, although very few in number, also practised it’s
pious form, e.g., the Chief of Hashimites Abu Talibasws.
When the Holy Quran was Revealed, which is neither a poetry nor a prose but a
Miracle of Allahazwj having coherent, lyrical and melodious (smooth) style. It had the
effect of moving the hearts of the believers whereas the unbelievers opposed it by
calling it nothing but poetry. Allahazwj Rejected their allegations by Saying, ‘And We
have not taught him (Prophet Mohammed) poetry, nor is it suitable for him.
This is only a Reminder and a Plain Quran – 36:69).
Allahazwj Disliked ‘poetry’ specifically compiled to draw people’s imaginations and
fascinate their minds for entertainment having speculative aspects and exaggeration,
for example in the praise of women and/or the notables and the rulers. This type of
poetry is disliked in Islam. As there are several Verses in the Holy Quran and
Ahadith.
The plain truth and praise of Allahazwj, as composed by Prophet Adamas, was still
considered ‘poetry’ by people – that would not be Disliked by Allahazwj, in the Divine
Terms, it is meaningful, and reminds one of Allahazwj and Hisazwj Representativesasws
and the Hereafter. However, a single word ‘poetry’ had been reserved to the both
types of verses - the illicit ‘poetry’ and the Verses composed for and on the Truth and
for Allahazwj and Hisazwj Representatives (also referred to by people as) ‘poems’. For
example, Imam Sadiqasws said: There is none who recites poetry about Hussainasws
and weeps and makes others weep by means of it, except that Allah azwj Makes
Paradise incumbent upon him and forgives his sins.2
On the other hand, two types of poetry is disliked, (1) Poetry used by those who
misguide people from the Just Path (religion), (2) Poetry in the praise of people
(women, rulers, notables).
1
2
Uyun Akhbar Al-REZA, H. 24-1
Rijal al-Shaikh al- Tusi pg.189
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First, we review those Verses of the Holy Quran which talk about the ‘poetry’,
followed by looking at Ahadith related to both virtuous and illicit forms of poetry, in
particular those which have become part of our religious (Shia Muslim) practices.
What Allahazwj Says about the Poets and the Poetry in the Holy
Quran
ُّ ‫} َوال‬223{ َ‫الس ْم َع َوأَ ْك َث ُر ُه ْم َكا ِذبُون‬
}225{ َ‫} أَلَ ْم َت َر أَ َّن ُه ْم فِي ُكل ِّ َوا ٍد َي ِهيمُون‬224{ َ‫اوون‬
َ‫ُي ْلقُون‬
ُ ‫ش َع َرا ُء َي َّتبِ ُع ُه ُم ا ْل َغ‬
َّ
}226{ َ‫َوأَ َّن ُه ْم َيقُولُونَ َما ََل َي ْف َعلُون‬
[26:223] They incline their ears, and most of them are liars [26:224] And as for
the poets, the straying ones follow them [26:225] Do you not see that they
wander about bewildered in every valley? [26:226] And that they are saying
what they are not doing
‫ عن احلسن بن‬،‫ عن حممد بن احلسني بن أيب اخلطاب‬،‫ حدثنا سعد بن عبد اهلل‬:‫ قال‬،)‫ حدثنا أيب (رمحه اهلل‬:‫ قال‬،‫ابن بابويه‬
ِ َ ‫ و الش‬:‫ يف قول اهلل عز و جل‬،)‫ عن أيب جعفر (عليه السالم‬،‫ عن محاد بن عثمان‬،‫حمبوب‬
‫ «هل رأيت‬:‫ قال‬،‫غاوو َن‬
ُ ْ‫ُّعراءُ يَتَّب ُع ُه ُم ال‬
َ
.»‫ فضلوا و أضلوا‬،‫شاعرا يتبعه أحد؟! إمنا هم قوم تفقهوا لغري الدين‬
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin AlHusayn Bin Abu Al-Khattab, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Hamaad Bin Usman,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty
and Majestic [26:224] And as for the poets, the straying ones follow them, heasws
said: ‘Have you seen anyone follow the poets? But rather, they are a people who
think in the religion other than the Religion, (they make use of analogy). So they go
astray and lead others astray (in the religion)’.3
َ ‫ َو الش‬:‫ يف قول اهلل عز و جل‬،)‫ يرفعه إىل أيب عبد اهلل (عليه السالم‬،‫ عن حممد بن مجهور بإسناده‬:‫شرف الدين النجفي‬
ُ‫ُّعراء‬
ِ
‫ فهم الشعراء‬،‫ «من رأيتم من الشعراء يتبع؟ إمنا عىن هؤالء الفقهاء الذين يشعرون قلوب الناس بالباطل‬:‫ فقال‬،‫غاوو َن‬
ُ ْ‫يَتَّب ُع ُه ُم ال‬
.»‫الذين يتبعون‬
Sharaf Al-Deen Al-Najafy, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour, by his chain, raising it to
Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [26:224] And
as for the poets, the straying ones follow them, so heasws said: ‘Who has ever
seen the poets being followed? But rather, it Means those Jurists (‫ )الفقهاء‬who notify
(‫ )يشعرون‬the hearts of the people with the falsehood. So they are the poets
(publicisers) (‫ )الشعراء‬who are being followed’.4
،‫ وما وقيتم به أعراضكم وصنتموها عن ألسنة كالب الناس‬،‫ مث كل معروف بعد ذلك‬:)‫وقال رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه وآله‬
.‫ تكفوهنم فهو حمسوب لكم يف الصدقات‬،‫كالشعراء الوقاعني يف االعراض‬
3
4
.19 /385 :‫معاني األخبار‬
28 /399 :1 ‫تأويل اآليات‬
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And Rasool-Allahsaww said: 'Then all your good (deeds) after that which you do to
preserve your honour, and then you give for the tongues of the dogs of the people,
like the poets who praise people. Refrain from them, for it will be Reckoned for you,
regarding the charities.'5
Allahazwj Says:
And We have not Taught him poetry, nor is it befitting for him; it is nothing but
a Reminder and a plain Quran [36:69] That it may warn him who is alive, and
(that) the Word may prove true against the unbelievers [36:70]
‫ َو ما‬:‫ فقال‬،‫ فرد اهلل عليهم‬.‫ إن هذا الذي يقول حممد شعرا‬:‫ كانت قريش تقول‬:‫ قال‬،ُ‫ِّعَر َو ما يَْنبَغِي لَه‬
ْ ‫ َو ما َعلَّ ْمناهُ الش‬:‫و قوله‬
ِ
ِ
.‫ني و مل يقل رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و آله) شعرا قط‬
ٌ ِ‫ِّعَر َو ما يَْنبَغي لَهُ إِ ْن ُه َو إَِّال ذ ْكٌر َو قُ ْرآ ٌن ُمب‬
ْ ‫َعلَّ ْمناهُ الش‬
And Hisazwj Statement [36:69] And We have not Taught him poetry, nor is it
befitting for him. Said: ‘The Quraysh used to say, ‘What this Mohammadsaww is
speaking, is poetry.’ Allahazwj Rebutted to them. Hesaww Said [36:69] And We have
not Taught him poetry, nor is it befitting for him and did not ever say that RasoolAllahsaww is a poet, ever ......(an extract).6
Further Verses of the Holy Quran on poet and poetry are given in an Appendix.
The Verses in the Religious Rituals:
Those who have compiled poems regarding Ahl Al-Baytasws, particularly with the
intention of keeping their traditions alive in the minds of their followers, are praised
by the Masomeenasws and have been promised Paradise. In this short article we will
review this topic and see that the ‘Marsiya’ lamentation (i.e., verses describing the
martyrdom of Masomeenasws) as compiled by the various poets, are highly praised by
the Masomeenasws. However, there is a slight confusion caused by a Hadith, as
reported by Al-Kulani in his Al-Kafi where it is disliked to recite poems even praising
Ahl Al-Baytasws in the evenings and also during the day in the month of Ramazan:
ِ ِ
ِ
‫ِّعُر بِلَْي ٍل‬
َ َ‫يم َع ْن أَبِ ِيه َع ِن ابْ ِن أَِيب ُع َم ٍْري َع ْن َمحَّ ِاد بْ ِن ُعثْ َما َن َو َغ ِْريهِ َع ْن أَِيب َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ( عليه السالم ) ق‬
ْ ‫ال َال يُْن َش ُد الش‬
َ ‫َعل ُّي بْ ُن إبْ َراه‬
ِ ِ َ ‫و َال ي ْن َش ُد ِيف َشه ِر رمضا َن بِلَي ٍل و َال نَها ٍر فَ َق‬
.‫ال َو إِ ْن َكا َن فِينَا‬
َ َ‫يل يَا أَبَتَ ْاه فَِإنَّهُ فِينَا ق‬
َ َ ْ َ ََ ْ
ُ َ
ُ ‫ال لَهُ إ ْْسَاع‬
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, and someone else,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Neither should you recite
‘‫ ’ال ِّشعْ ر‬fictitious stories at night nor should you (narrate) fiction during the Month of
Ramazan at night, neither by the night nor by the day’. So Ismail said to him asws, ‘O
fatherasws! Supposing it (fiction) is regarding usasws?’ Heasws said: ‘And even though it
was regarding usasws’.7
5
asws
Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askari – S 40
216 :2 ‫تفسير القمّي‬
7
88 :‫ ص‬،4‫ ج‬،)‫ اإلسالمية‬- ‫الكافي (ط‬, Al Kafi – V 4 – The Book of Fasts Ch 11 H 6
6
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In accordance with the above Hadith, one would be discouraged to recite poems
(either in the praise of Ahl Al-Baytasws or eulogising Muslims’s unjust violence against
themasws in all of the month of Ramazan and in the evenings of the rest of the year.
This, if we interpret in those terms where forbidden and imaginary characters and/or
music are incorporated in tale-telling where Ahl Al-Baytasws are also mentioned is
disliked. One of examples of this could be the films and plays depicting the historical
events containing both religious and non-religious aspects. However, in several
other Ahadith, Masomeenasws have encouraged and have promised Heavenly
rewards for those who recite verses related to Ahl Al-Baytasws, see for example:
‫ إهنا‬:‫ قال‬،‫ أال أنشدك‬،‫ ُجعلت فداك‬:‫ فقال له الكميت‬،‫السالم يف أيام التشريق‬
ّ ‫قد روي أنه دخل على أيب عبداهلل الصادق عليه‬
‫ وأنشد فكثر البكاء حينما وصل إىل هذا‬،‫ وبعث أبو عبداهلل إىل بعض أهله فقرب‬،‫ هات‬:‫ فقال‬.‫ إهنا فيكم‬:‫ قال‬،‫أيام عظام‬
:‫البيت‬
It has been reported that he went over to Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiqasws during the days
of Al-Tashreeq (11th, 12, & 13th Zilhijja). So Al-Kumeyt said to himasws, ‘May I be
sacrificed for youasws! Shall I recite a poem to youasws?’ Heasws said: ‘These are the
great days’ (of great reverence). He said, ‘It is regarding youasws’. So heasws said:
‘Recite!’, and Abu Abdullahasws sent for some of hisasws family members, so they
came closer, and he recited the poem, so theyasws all wept a lot where he arrived to
this couplet -
‫فيا آخ راً أس دى ل ه الغ ي ّأو ُل‬
‫يصيب به الرامون عن قوس غريهم‬
ُ
The archers hit from the bows of others, so the later ones got to it by the
misguidance of the first ones!!
‫أسر وأعلن وقد دخل قبل ذلك على اإلمام أيب‬
ّ ‫ وما‬،‫ اللهم اغفر للكميت ما ق ّدم وأخر‬:‫السالم يديه وقال‬
ّ ‫فرفع أبو عبداهلل عليه‬
‫السالم فأنشده‬
ّ ‫جعفر حممد الباقر عليه‬
So Abu Abdullahasws raised hisasws hands and said: ‘O Allahazwj! Forgive for Kumeyt’s
(sins) the ones he committed, and the ones he will commit, the ones he hid, and the
ones’ he revealed!
And he had gone before that to the Imam Abu Ja’far Mohammad Al-Baqirasws, so he
had recited a poem to himasws.8
Imam Abu Ja`fer al-Baqirasws said the following to al-Kumait when the latter recited
for himasws his poem which starts with “Who shall solace a heart suffering from
overflowing passion?”: “May you always be supported by the Holy Spirit.” 9 .
8
This is recorded on p. 118, Vol. 15, of Al-Aghani and also on p. 27, Vol. 2, of Ma`hid al-Tansis
asws
This statement is quoted on p. 5 of `Uyãn Akhbar Al-Reza
by al-Sadãq.
9
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ِ
ِ ِ ِ
ِ ِ َّ‫حدَّثَنَا أَبو الْعب‬
ِ َّ ْ ‫ني بْ ِن أَِيب‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
‫صالِ ِح بْ ِن عُ ْقبَةَ َع ْن أَِيب َه ُارو َن‬
َ ‫يل َع ْن‬
َ ُ
َ
َ ْ ‫اس الْ ُقَرش ُّي َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن‬
َ ‫اخلَطاب َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن إ ْْسَاع‬
ِ
ِ
ِ‫الرقَّة‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ ِ
َّ
َ ‫ال فَأَنْ َش ْدتُهُ فَبَ َكى فَ َق‬
َ َ‫ني ع ق‬
َ َ‫ال ق‬
َ َ‫الْ َم ْك ُفوف ق‬
َّ ِ‫ال أَنْش ْدِِن َك َما تُْنش ُدو َن يَ ْع ِِن ب‬
َ ْ ‫ال أَبُو َعْبد الله ع يَا أَبَا َه ُارو َن أَنْش ْدِن يف‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ُ‫ال فَأَنْ َش ْدتُه‬
َّ ‫فَ ُق ْل ِِل َْعظُ ِم ِه‬
‫الزكِيَّ ِة‬
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
‫ني‬
َ ْ ‫ْامُرْر َعلَى َج َدث‬
ِ
ِ ‫ال فَأَنْ َش ْدتُه الْ َق‬
ِ ‫ت الْب َكاء ِمن َخ ْل‬
‫ال ِِل يَا‬
َ َ‫ت ق‬
َ َ‫ ق‬-‫الس ِْت‬
َ َ‫ُخَرى ق‬
َ َ‫ال ِزْدِِن ق‬
َ َ‫ال فَبَ َكى ُمثَّ ق‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ِّ ‫ف‬
َ‫ص‬
ْ ‫يد َة ْاِل‬
ُ ‫ال فَلَ َّما فَ َر ْغ‬
ُ
ْ َ ُ ُ ‫ال فَبَ َكى َو َْس ْع‬
ِ
ِ ِ ‫احلس‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ
ْ ُ‫ت لَه‬
ً‫ني ِش ْعراً فَبَ َكى َو أَبْ َكى َخَْ َسة‬
ْ َ‫ني ع ش ْعراً فَبَ َكى َو أَبْ َكى َع ْشراً ُكتب‬
ْ َ ُْ ‫بَا َه ُارو َن َم ْن أَنْ َش َد ِيف‬
َ ْ ‫اْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد يف‬
ِ ِ
ِ ِ ‫اْلنَّةُ و من أَنْ َش َد ِيف ا ْحلس‬
ِ
‫ني ع ِعْن َدهُ فَ َخَر َج ِم ْن َعْينِ ِه‬
ْ ‫ت ََلَُما ا ْْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن ذُكَِر‬
ْ َ‫ني ش ْعراً فَبَ َكى َو أَبْ َكى َواحداً ُكتب‬
ْ َ‫ُكتب‬
َْ ُ
ُ ْ ‫احلُ َس‬
ْ َ َ َْ ُ‫ت لَه‬
ِ ِ ‫[عينَي ِه] ِمن الدُّم‬
ِ ‫اب َكا َن ثَوابه علَى اللَّ ِه و َمل ي رض لَه بِ ُد‬
ٍ ‫اح ذُب‬
.‫اْلَن َِّة‬
ْ ‫ون‬
َ ُُ َ
ُ َ َْ ْ َ
َ ِ َ‫وع م ْق َد ُار َجن‬
ُ َ ْ َْ
Abul Abbas Al-Qurashi has narrated to me from Mohammed ibn Hussain ibn Abil Khattab, who from
Mohammed ibn Ismail, from Salih ibn Uqbah, from Abi Harun Al-Makfuf, who has said:
Abu Abdullahasws said to me: O Aba Harun! Recite a poem for the me asws about
Hussainasws. So I recited a poem for himasws and heasws cried.
Then the Imamasws said: Recite it in the same way that you (usually) recite – with a
grief-stricken tone.
Then I recited (the poem which starts with) the following verse:
‘Pass by the grave of Hussainasws and say to hisasws purified bones...’
Imamasws cried and asked me to recite more poems for himasws. I recited another
poem for himasws. The Imamasws cried (again) and I also heard (ladies) crying from
behind the curtain.
After I finished (reciting the poems), the Imamasws said to me:
O Aba Harun! If one recites a poem about Hussainasws and cries and makes ten
people cry, Paradise will be registered for him and for them. If one recites a poem
about Hussainasws and cries and makes five people cry, Paradise will be registered
for him and for them. If one recites a poem about Hussainasws and cries and makes
one person cry, Paradise will be registered for him and for he who cries.10
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ َّ‫َح َّدثَِِن أَبُو الْ َعب‬
ْ ‫ني َع ِن‬
َ‫احلَ َس ِن بْ ِن َعلِ ِّي بْ ِن أَِيب ُعثْ َما َن َع ْن َح َس ِن بْ ِن َعلِ ِّي بْ ِن أَِيب الْ ُمغِ َريةِ َع ْن أَِيب ُع َم َارة‬
َ ْ ‫اس َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ ِ ِ
ِ َ َ‫ ق‬:‫ال‬
‫ال فَأَنْ َش ْدتُهُ فَبَ َكى ُمثَّ أَنْ َش ْدتُهُ فَبَ َكى ُمثَّ أَنْ َش ْدتُهُ فَبَ َكى‬
َ َ‫ني ع ق‬
َ َ‫الْ ُمْن ِش ِد َع ْن أَِيب َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ع ق‬
َ ْ ‫ال ِل يَا بَا ُع َم َارَة أَنْش ْدِن يف‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ
ِ َ ‫ت الْبُ َكاءَ ِم َن الدَّا ِر فَ َق‬
‫ني ع ِش ْعراً فَأَبْ َكى‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ُ ‫ت أُنْش ُدهُ َو يَْبكي َح ََّّت َْس ْع‬
ُ ْ‫ال فَ َو اللَّه َما ِزل‬
َ ْ ‫ال ِل يَا أَبَا ُع َم َارةَ َم ْن أَنْ َش َد يف‬
ِ
ِ ِ ‫احلس‬
ِ
ِ ِ ‫احلس‬
ِ
‫ني فَلَهُ ا ْْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن‬
ْ ُ‫ني فَلَه‬
ْ َ ُْ ‫ني فَلَهُ ا ْْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد ِيف‬
ْ َ ُْ ‫اْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد ِيف‬
َ ‫ني ش ْعراً فَأَبْ َكى ثََالث‬
َ ‫ني ش ْعراً فَأَبْ َكى أ َْربَع‬
َ ‫َخَْس‬
10
‫ الباب الثالث و الثالثون من قال في الحسينع شعرا فبكى و أبكى‬, H. 1, 105 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫كامل الزيارات‬
Page 7 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
ِ
ِ ِ ْ ‫أَنْ َش َد ِيف‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ
ِ
‫ني ع‬
ْ ُ‫ني ِش ْعراً فَأَبْ َكى َع َشَرةً فَلَه‬
َ ‫احلُ َس ْني ش ْعراً فَأَبْ َكى ع ْش ِر‬
َ ْ ‫اْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد يف‬
َ ْ ‫ين فَلَهُ ا ْْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد يف‬
ِ ِ ْ ‫احداً فَلَه ا ْْلنَّةُ و من أَنْ َش َد ِيف‬
ِ ‫ِشعراً فَأَب َكى و‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ
.ُ‫اْلَنَّة‬
ْ ُ‫ني ِش ْعراً فَتَبَا َكى فَلَه‬
َْ َ َ ُ
َ ْ ْ
َ ْ ‫احلُ َس ْني ع ش ْعراً فَبَ َكى فَلَهُ ا ْْلَنَّةُ َو َم ْن أَنْ َش َد يف‬
Abul Abbas Al-Qurashi has narrated to me from Mohammed ibn Hussain, who from Hassan ibn Ali
Ibn Abi Uthman, who from Hassan ibn Ali ibn Abil Mughirah, from Abi Umarah Al-Munshid, who has
said:
Abu Abdullahasws said to me: O Aba Umarah! Recite a poem for measws about
Hussainasws.
I recited a poem for himasws and heasws started crying. Then I recited another poem
and heasws cried (more). Then I recited another poem for him asws and heasws cried
(even more). I say it by Allahazwj that I kept reciting poems for himasws and heasws kept
crying, and I also heard (others) crying from inside the house as well.
Then the Imamasws said to me:
O Aba Umarah! Anyone who recites a poem about Hussain asws and makes fifty
people cry will be rewarded with Paradise. Anyone who recites a poem about
Hussainasws and makes forty people cry will be rewarded with Paradise. Anyone who
recites a poem about Hussainasws and makes thirty people cry will be rewarded with
Paradise. Anyone who recites a poem about Hussain asws and makes twenty people
cry will be rewarded with Paradise. Anyone who recites a poem about Hussain asws
and makes ten people cry will be rewarded with Paradise. Anyone who recites a
poem about Hussainasws and makes one person cry will be rewarded with Paradise.
Anyone who recites a poem about Hussainasws and cries will be rewarded with
Paradise.
Anyone who recites a poem about Hussainasws and tries to cry will be rewarded with
Paradise. 11
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ٍ
‫ني َع ِن ابْ ِن أَِيب ُع َم ٍْري َع ْن َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه بْ ِن َح َّسا َن َع ِن [ابْ ِن] أَِيب ُش ْعبَةَ َع ْن َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه بْ ِن‬
َ ْ ‫َح َّدثَِِن ُحمَ َّم ُد بْ ُن َج ْع َفر َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن‬
ِ
ِ َّ ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ٍ ِ‫َغال‬
-‫ت إِ َىل َه َذا الْ َم ْو ِض ِع‬
َ َ‫ب ق‬
ُ ‫ني ع فَلَ َّما انْتَ َهْي‬
ُ ‫ َد َخ ْل‬:‫ال‬
َ ْ َُ‫ت َعلَى أَِيب َعْبد الله ع فَأَنْ َش ْدتُهُ َم ْرثيَُة‬
ِ ‫ِبِِس َقاةِ الثَّرى َغْي ر التُّر‬
‫اب‬
ْ
َ ُ َ
ً‫لَبَلِيَّةٌ تَ ْس ُقوا ُح َسْينا‬
ِ
.‫الس ِْت َوا أَبَتَ ْاه‬
ِّ ‫ت بَاكِيَةٌ ِم ْن َوَراء‬
ْ ‫اح‬
َ َ‫ف‬
َ ‫ص‬
Mohammed ibn Jafar narrated to me from Mohammed ibn Hussain, from ibn Abi Umayr, fro Abd Allah
ibn Hassan, from ibn Abi Shubah (Al-Halabi), from Abd Allah ibn Ghalib, who has said:
I went to Abu Abdullahasws and I recited a eulogy about Hussainasws for him. When I
reached the verse:
What a great disaster! Instead of scattering dust over Hussain asws, heasws was rolled
in the dust!
11
‫ الباب الثالث و الثالثون من قال في الحسينع شعرا فبكى و أبكى‬, H.2, 105 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫كامل الزيارات‬
Page 8 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
A lady who was crying from behind the curtain screamed, ‘O father!!!!’.12
ٍ
ِ َ َ‫و رِوي عن أَِيب عب ِد اللَّ ِه ع ق‬
.‫َّم َعةَ فِينَا‬
ٌ ‫ ل ُك ِّل َش ْيء ثَ َو‬:‫ال‬
ْ ‫اب إَِّال الد‬
َْ ْ َ َ ُ َ
It is narrated that:
Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘There is a (known) reward for every act (of worship) except
for shedding tears over usasws.13
ِ
ِ
ِ َّ ِ
ِِ ِ ‫ح َّدثَِِن أَِيب رِمحه اللَّه عن َمج‬
ِ َّ‫اخلَط‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
‫اب َع ْن أَِيب َد ُاوَد الْ ُم ْس َِت ِّق َع ْن‬
ْ ‫ني بْ ِن أَِيب‬
َ َ ْ َ ُ َُ َ
َ
َ ْ ‫اعة َم َشاِيي َع ْن َس ْعد بْ ِن َعْبد الله َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
َّ
ِ
ِ
ِ
‫ني َسنَةً َو َما‬
ْ ‫ بَ َكى َعل ُّي بْ ُن‬:‫ال‬
َ َ‫َص َحابنَا َع ْن أَيب َعْبد الله ع ق‬
َ ‫ين َسنَةً أ َْو أ َْربَع‬
ْ ‫بَ ْعض أ‬
َ ‫احلُ َس ْني َعلَى أَبيه ُح َس ْني بْن َعل ٍّي ص ع ْشر‬
ِ ‫ال لَه موًىل لَه جعِْل‬
ِ ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
َِّ
‫ك أَ ْن‬
ُ ‫َخ‬
َ ‫اف َعلَْي‬
َ ْ َ‫ُوض َع ب‬
ُ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ‫ني َح ََّّت ق‬
َ ‫ت ف َد َاك يَا ابْ َن َر ُسول اللَّه إِ ِِّن أ‬
َ ْ ‫ني يَ َديْه طعاما [طَ َع ٌام] إال بَ َكى َعلَى‬
ِ َ‫ال إَِّمنا أَ ْش ُكوا ب ثِّي و حزِِن إِ َىل اللَّ ِه و أَعلَم ِمن اللَّ ِه ما ال تَعلَمو َن إِ ِِّن َمل أَذْ ُكر مصرع ب ِِن ف‬
ِِ ِ
‫اط َمةَ إَِّال َخنَ َقْت ِِن‬
َ َ‫ني ق‬
ُْ َ َ
َ ‫تَ ُكو َن م َن ا َْلَالك‬
َ َ َْ َ ْ ْ
ُْ
َ ُْ َ
ِِ
.‫ك‬
َ ‫الْ َع ْ َْبةُ ل َذل‬
My father narrated to me from all of my scholars, from Saad ibn Abd Allah, from Mohammed ibn
Hussain ibn Abil Khattab, from Abi Dawud Al-Mustariq, from some of our companions, who said:
Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Aliasws ibn Hussainasws (Imam Sajjadasws) cried over hisasws
fatherasws, Hussainasws Ibn Aliasws for twenty years – or forty years – and whenever
food was brought to himasws, heasws would cry over Hussainasws.
One day, his servant said to him, ‘May I sacrifice myself for youasws, O son of Rasool
Allahasws! I am afraid that youasws may die (from grief).
He (the Imam Sajjadasws) replied: I only complain of my distress and grief to
Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know (12:86)14. Verily whenever
Iasws remember the killing of the children of Syeda Fatimahasws, Iasws am choked with
tears over themasws.15
ِ
ِ ‫اعيل ب ِن ِمهرا َن عن علِي ب ِن أَِيب محَْزةَ عن أَِيب ب‬
ِ ‫اخلَش‬
‫ال‬
ْ ‫وسى‬
ْ ‫َح َّدثَِِن أَِيب َع ْن َس ْع ِد بْ ِن َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه َع ِن‬
َ َ‫ص ٍري ق‬
ْ ِّ َ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ‫َّاب َع ْن إِ ْْس‬
َ َْ َ
َ ‫احلَ َس ِن بْ ِن ُم‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
.‫استَ ْع ََْب‬
ْ ‫ال‬
َ َ‫ال أَبُو َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ع ق‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ُ ْ ‫احلُ َس‬
ْ ‫يل الْ َع ْ َْبة َال يَ ْذ ُكُرِِن ُم ْؤم ٌن إَِّال‬
ُ ‫ني بْ ُن َعل ٍّي ع أَنَا قَت‬
It is narrated that:
Abu Abdullahasws said:
Hussainasws Ibn Aliasws said: Iasws am the Martyr of Tears. No Momin (believer)
remembers measws without crying.16
12
‫ الباب الثالث و الثالثون من قال في الحسينع شعرا فبكى و أبكى‬,H3, 105 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫كامل الزيارات‬
‫ الباب الثالث و الثالثون من قال في الحسينع شعرا فبكى و أبكى‬,H6, 105 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫كامل الزيارات‬
14
This Verse is the answer from Prophet Yaqub (in the Holy Quran) to his sons when they said: ‘By
Allah! You will not cease remembering Yusuf till you are on the verge of death, or until you die (12:85)
15
107 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫ كامل الزيارات‬, chapter 35, H. 1.
16
109 :‫ ص‬،‫ النص‬،‫ كامل الزيارات‬, chapter 36, H. 3
13
Page 9 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
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Reward for Reciting Poetry about Hussainasws
ِ َّ ‫ال‬
ِِ
ِ ِ ‫ال يف احلس‬
ِ
.ُ‫ب اهللُ لَهُ اْلَنَّةَ َو َغ َفَر لَه‬
َ َ‫أح ٍد ق‬
َ َ‫ق‬
َ َّ‫ني شعراً فَبَكى َو أبكى به إال‬
َ ‫ ماَ من‬:)‫الصاد ُق (عليه السالم‬
َ ‫أوج‬
َُ
Imam Sadiqasws said: There is none who recites poetry about Hussainasws and weeps
and makes others weep by means of it, except that Allah azwj makes Paradise
incumbent upon him and forgives his sins.17
Poetry Recitation During the Period of Mourning
ِ ِ
ٍ ‫إن ه ِذهِ اِليام أيام ح‬
.‫زن كانَت َعلَينَا‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ُّ ‫ اُ ِح‬:)‫ضا (عليه السالم‬
ِّ ‫ال‬
َ ‫الر‬
َ َّ َ‫ب أن تُنش َدِِن شعراً ف‬
ُ ُ َ
Imam Rezaasws said (to De'bil, a poet sincerely devoted to the Ahl Al-Baytasws): Iasws
desire that you recite for measws poetry, for surely, these days (of the month of
Muharram) are the days of grief and sorrow, which have passed over us asws, Ahl AlBaytasws.18
Imam Mohammed Baqirasws Leaves some Wealth for Lamenters:
ِ ِ
ِ ْ ‫َمحَ َد بْ ِن ُحمَ َّم ٍد َع ْن َعلِ ِّي بْ ِن‬
‫ال ِِل أَِيب‬
َ َ‫ال ق‬
َ َ‫وب َع ْن أَِيب َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ( عليه السالم ) ق‬
ْ ‫َص َحابِنَا َع ْن أ‬
ْ ‫ع َّدةٌ م ْن أ‬
َ ‫س بْ ِن يَ ْع ُق‬
َ ُ‫احلَ َكم َع ْن يُون‬
ِ ِ
ِِ
ِ ْ ِ‫يا جع َفر أَوق‬
. ‫ني ِبِِ ًىن أَيَّ َام ِم ًىن‬
َ ‫ب تَْن ُدبُِِن َع ْشَر سن‬
َ ‫ف ِِل م ْن َم ِاِل َك َذا َو َك َذا لنَ َواد‬
ْ ُ َْ َ
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al hakam, from Yunus Bin
Yaqoub,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws, said, ‘Myasws fatherasws said to measws:
‘O Ja’farasws! Dedicate to measws from myasws such and such wealth for the lamenters
to lament measws for ten years at Mina in the days of Mina (Hajj)’.19
Rasool Allahsaww Allowed ‘Laments’ for other than Ahl Al-Baytasws:
ِ
ِ
ٍ
ِ‫يد بن الْمغِرية‬
ِ ِ‫احل َك ِم عن مال‬
َ َ‫ك بْ ِن َع ِطيَّةَ َع ْن أَِيب محََْزةَ َع ْن أَِيب َج ْع َف ٍر ( عليه السالم ) ق‬
ْ‫أ‬
َ ‫ال َم‬
َ ْ َ َْ ‫َمحَ ُد بْ ُن ُحمَ َّمد َع ْن َعل ِّي بْ ِن‬
َ ُ ُ ْ ُ ‫ات الْ َول‬
ِ
ِ ‫آل الْمغِريةِ قَ ْد أَقَاموا منَاحةً فَأَ ْذهب إِلَي ِهم فَأ َِذ َن ََلا فَلَبِس‬
ِ
‫َت َو‬
ْ ‫ت ثيَابَ َها َو تَ َهيَّأ‬
ْ َ َ
ْ َ‫فَ َقال‬
ِّ ِ‫ت أ ُُّم َسلَ َمةَ للن‬
ْ ْ ُ َ َ َ ُ
َ ُ َ ‫َِّب ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) إ َّن‬
ٌّ ‫ت ِم ْن ُح ْسنِ َها َكأَن ََّها َج‬
‫ت بِطََرفَ ْي ِه َخ ْل َخا ََلَا‬
ْ ‫ت َش ْعَرَها َجلَّ َل َج َس َد َها َو َع َق َد‬
ْ ‫ت فَأ َْر َخ‬
ْ ‫ت إِ َذا قَ َام‬
ْ َ‫ان َو َكان‬
ْ َ‫َكان‬
Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Mlik Bin Atiyya, from Abu Hamza,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira
died, so Umm Salmaas said to the Prophetsaww: ‘The progeny of Al-Mugheira have
established a lamentation, and Ias want to go to them’. Rasool Allahsaww permitted
heras. So sheas wore heras clothes and prepared herselfas, and it was from heras
beauty that she was like a fairy, and she as was such that whenever sheas stood up,
17
Rijal al-Shaikh al- Tusi pg. 189
Mustadrak al-Wasail, vol 10, pg. 386
19
117 :‫ ص‬،5‫ ج‬،)‫ اإلسالمية‬- ‫الكافي (ط‬, Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 35 H 1
18
Page 10 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
so heras hair flowed till the top part of heras body got covered, and sheas tied heras
ornaments at the ends of it.
ِ
ِ ِ‫يد أَبا الْول‬
ِِ
ِ ِ ‫ت ابن ع ِّمها ب ني ي َدي رس‬
ِ
‫يد فَ ََّت الْ َع ِش َريْه َح ِامي ا ْحلَِقي َق ِة‬
َ ‫أَنْ َعى الْ َول‬. ‫ت‬
ْ َ‫ول اللَّه ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) فَ َقال‬
ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ‫فَنَ َدب‬
َ َ ‫يد بْ َن الْ َول‬
ِ
ِ ِّ ‫ب الْوتِريه قَ ْد َكا َن َغيثاً ِيف‬
‫ني َو َج ْع َفراً َغ َدقاً َو ِم َريْه‬
َ ‫السن‬
َْ َ ِ َ‫َماج ٌد يَ ْس ُمو إِ َىل طَل‬
ْ
So sheas eulogised the son of heras uncle in front of Rasool-Allahsaww, so sheas said:
‘Ias state that Al-Waleed Bin Al-Waleed Abu Al-Waleed was a youth of the family, a
patron of the realities; a glorious one transcending to the frequently of its seeking; a
quencher during the years, a spring of fresh water and its provisions’.
ِ ‫ال فَما ع‬
. ً‫ال َشْيئا‬
َ َ‫َِّب ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) َو َال ق‬
َ ‫اب ذَل‬
ُّ ِ‫ك َعلَْي َها الن‬
َ َ َ َ َ‫ق‬
He (the Imamasws) said: ‘So the Prophetsaww did not refuse that to her, nor did he saww
say anything’ (against it).20
ٍ ‫َمحَ َد ب ِن ُحمَ َّم ٍد َع ِن اب ِن فَض‬
‫ال ِِل أَ ََتْلُو َن َو تَتَ َح َّدثُو َن َو تَ ُقولُو َن َما‬
َ َ‫ال ق‬
َ َ‫َّال َع ِن ابْ ِن ُم ْس َكا َن َع ْن ُميَ ِّس ٍر َع ْن أَِيب َج ْع َف ٍر ع ق‬
ْ
ْ ْ ‫َعْنهُ َع ْن أ‬
ِ ‫ك الْمو‬
ِ ِ ‫ال أَما و اللَّ ِه لَوِد ْدت أ َِِّن مع ُكم ِيف ب ع‬
ِ ُ ‫َّث و نَ ُق‬
ِِ
ِ ُ ‫ِشْئتُم فَ ُق ْل‬
‫اط ِن أ ََما َو‬
َْ ْ ََ ُ َ
ْ
َ َ َ ‫ول َما شْئ نَا فَ َق‬
َ ُ ‫ت إي َو اللَّه إنَّا لَنَ ْخلُو َو نَتَ َحد‬
َ َ َ ْ‫ض تل‬
ٍ‫َعينوا بِورٍع و اجتِهاد‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ُّ ‫اللَّ ِه إِ ِِّن َِلُح‬
َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ‫اح ُك ْم َو إِنَّ ُك ْم َعلَى دي ِن اللَّه َو دي ِن َم َالئ َكته فَأ‬
َ ‫ب ِرحيَ ُك ْم َو أ َْرَو‬
It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ahmad ibn Mohammed from ibn Faddal
from ibn Muskan from Muyassir who has said the following:
‘Once Abu Jafarasws asked me: ‘Do you hold private ‘Majalis’ gatherings wherein you
say whatever you want?’ I said, 'Yes, I swear by Allahazwj, we hold private ‘Majalis’
gatherings and say whatever we like to say (in praise of Mohammed saww and his
familyasws).’
The Imamasws said: ‘Iasws swear by Allahazwj, Iasws wish Iasws could be with you at such
‘Majalis’ gatherings. Iasws swear by Allahazwj, Iasws love your fragrance and your spirits.
You, certainly, follow the religion of Allahazwj, and the religion of the angelsas. Pay
attention to restraining from the worldly attractions and assist yourselves with striving
hard in (good) work.’21
The First Poet was Prophet Adamas:
ِ ‫ال ع لَ َّما أُنْ ِزَل إِ َىل ْاِل َْر‬
‫الس َم ِاء فَ َرأَى تُ ْربَتَ َها َو ِس َعتَ َها َو‬
َ َ‫ال َو َما َكا َن ِش ْعُرهُ ق‬
َ َ‫آد ُم ع ق‬
َ ‫ِّعَر فَ َق‬
َ َ‫َو َسأَلَهُ َع ْن أ ََّوِل َم ْن ق‬
َّ ‫ض ِم َن‬
َ ‫ال‬
ْ ‫ال الش‬
ِ ِ‫َهو َاها و قَتَل قَاب‬
‫ال‬
َ َ‫يل ق‬
َ ‫يل َهاب‬
ُ َ َ َ
ِِ ِ ِ
ِ َّ ِ ‫ال لَه يوسف فَ َدع‬
َ ‫الس َم ِاء فَ َق‬
َ ‫فَ َق‬
ْ ‫ال َكا َن‬
َّ ‫يس َما َكا َن ِيف‬
َ ‫ال نَ َع ْم بَ َع‬
ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ُ ُ ‫ث إِلَْي ِه ْم نَبِيّاً يُ َق‬
ُ‫اْسُه‬
َ ‫اه ْم إ َىل الله فَ َقتَلُوهُ َو َسأَلَهُ َعن ا ْسم إبْل‬
ِ
ِ
ِ ْ َ‫ظ ْاِلُنْثَي‬
َّ ِ‫اث ل‬
ِّ ‫لذ َك ِر ِمثْل َح‬
ِ ‫ال ِِلَنَّهُ ُخلِ َق ِم ْن أ َِد ِمي ْاِل َْر‬
‫ال ِم ْن قِبَ ِل‬
ْ
َ ‫ني فَ َق‬
َ َ‫آد َم ق‬
ُ ‫ص َار الْ ِم َري‬
َ ‫احلَا ِر‬
َ ‫آد ُم‬
َ ‫ث َو َسأَلَهُ ملَ ُْسِّ َي‬
َ َ‫ض َو َسأَلَهُ مل‬
ُ
ِ
ٍ
ِ ِ َ‫ات فَبادرت إِلَيها ح َّواء فَأَ َكلَت ِمْنها حبَّةً و أَطْعمت آدم حبَّت‬
َّ ‫ث‬
‫الذ َكُر ِمثْ ُل‬
ُّ
َ ‫ك َوِر‬
ُ ‫السْنبُلَ ِة َكا َن َعلَْي َها ثََال‬
َ ‫َج ِل َذل‬
ْ َ ََ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ
ْ ‫ني فَم ْن أ‬
ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َّ‫ث َحب‬
20
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 35 H 2
21
Al-Kafi, vol, 2, H. 2113, Ch. 77, h 5
Page 11 of 24
‫‪www.hubeali.com‬‬
‫‪Poets and the Poetry‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ث َمَْتوناً و إِد ِريس و نُ ِ ِ‬
‫ظ ْاِلُنْثَيَ ْ ِ‬
‫َح ِّ‬
‫يم َو‬
‫اىل ِم َن ْاِلَنْبِيَ ِاء َمَْتُوناً فَ َق َ‬
‫ني َو َسأَلَهُ َم ْن َخلَ َق اللَّهُ تَ َع َ‬
‫ال َخلَ َق َ‬
‫آد َم َمَْتُوناً َو ُول َد َشْي ٌ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ٌ‬
‫وح َو إبْ َراه ُ‬
‫ال تِسع ِمائَةِ‬
‫اعيل و ِعيسى و موسى و ُحم َّم ٌد صلَّى اللَّه علَي ِهم أ ْ ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َد ُاوُد َو ُسلَْي َما ُن َو لُو ٌ‬
‫ني َو َسأَلَهُ َك ْم َكا َن ُع ُمُر َ‬
‫َمجَع َ‬
‫آد َم فَ َق َ ْ ُ‬
‫ط َو إِ ْْسَ ُ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ‬
‫ُ َْ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ال لَ َّما أُنْ ِزَل إِ َىل ْاِل َْر ِ‬
‫الس َم ِاء فَ َرأَى‬
‫ال َو َما َكا َن ِش ْعُرهُ قَ َ‬
‫آد ُم قَ َ‬
‫ِّعَر فَ َق َ‬
‫ني َسنَةً َو َسأَلَهُ َع ْن أ ََّوِل َم ْن قَ َ‬
‫ض ِم َن َّ‬
‫ال َ‬
‫َسنَة َو ثََالث َ‬
‫ال الش ْ‬
‫تُرب تَها و ِسعتَها و َهو َاها و قَ ْتل قَابِ ِ‬
‫آد ُم ع‬
‫يل قَ َ‬
‫ال َ‬
‫يل َهاب َ‬
‫َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ‬
‫تَغَيَّر ِ‬
‫ت الْبِ َال ُد َو َم ْن َعلَْي َها‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫تَغَيَّ َر ُك ُّل ذي لَْون َو طَ ْع ٍم‬
‫فَ َو ْجهُ ْاِل َْر ِ‬
‫يح‬
‫ض ُمغْبَ ٌّر قَبِ ٌ‬
‫يح‬
‫اشةُ الْ َو ْج ِه الْ َملِ ِ‬
‫َو قَ َّل بَ َش َ‬
‫فَأ ِ ِ‬
‫يس‬
‫َ‬
‫َجابَهُ إبْل ُ‬
‫تَنَ َّح َع ِن الْبِ َال ِد َو َساكِنِ َيها‬
‫و ُكْن ِ‬
‫ك ِيف قَ َرا ٍر‬
‫ت ِبَا َو َزْو ُج َ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ك م ْن َكْيدي َو َم ْك ِري‬
‫فَلَ ْم تَْن َف َّ‬
‫َض َحى‬
‫فَلَ ْو َال َر ْمحَةُ ا ْْلَبَّا ِر أ ْ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫اق بِ َ ِ‬
‫يح‬
‫ض َ‬
‫فَفي الْف ْرَد ْو ِس َ‬
‫ك الْ َفس ُ‬
‫و قَ ْلب َ ِ‬
‫يح‬
‫ك م ْن أَذَى الدُّنْيَا َم ِر ٌ‬
‫َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ك الثَّمن َِّ‬
‫يح‬
‫الرب ُ‬
‫إ َىل أَ ْن فَاتَ َ َ ُ‬
‫ان ْ ِ‬
‫ِّك ِمن ِجنَ ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫يح‬
‫اخلُْلد ِر ٌ‬
‫ب َكف َ ْ‬
‫ِ ٍ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫الصرد ي ُدلُّه علَى مو ِ‬
‫اض ِع‬
‫آد ُم ِم ْن ِح َّج ٍة فَ َق َ‬
‫َو َسأَلَهُ َك ْم َح َّج َ‬
‫ال لَهُ ثََالثُو َن ح َّجةً َماشياً َعلَى قَ َد َمْيه َو أ ََّو ُل ح َّجة َح َّج َها َكا َن َم َعهُ ُّ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫الصرِد و ْ ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫الْم ِاء و خرج معه ِمن ْ ِ‬
‫ال ِِلَنَّه نَاح علَى ب ي ِ‬
‫ت الْ َم ْق ِد ِس َو‬
‫اخلُطَّاف َو َسأَلَهُ َما بَالُهُ َال َيَْشي قَ َ ُ َ َ َْ‬
‫اْلَنَّة َو قَ ْد ُهن َي َع ْن أَ ْك ِل ُّ َ َ‬
‫َ َ ََ َ َ َُ َ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫وت و معهُ تسع آيات من كتَ ِ‬
‫اىل‬
‫اب اللَّه تَ َع َ‬
‫آد َم ع فَم ْن ُهنَ َ‬
‫طَ َ‬
‫ني َعاماً يَْبكي َعلَْيه َو َملْ يََزْل يَْبكي َم َع َ‬
‫اف َح ْولَهُ أ َْربَع َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اك َس َك َن الْبُيُ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫آد ُم يَ ْقَرُؤَها ِيف‬
‫ِمَّا َكا َن َ‬
‫”‪The man asked, “Who was the first poet? The Imamasws answered, “It was Adamas.‬‬
‫‪The man asked, “What was the poem about?” The Imam asws said, “When Adamas‬‬
‫‪was cast down to the earth heas saw the extent of the earth and its air. When Cain‬‬
‫‪killed Abel then Adamas said,‬‬
‫;‪The land and its residents have changed vastly‬‬
‫;‪The appearance of the earth has turned black and ugly‬‬
‫;‪Whatever had a taste and colour has changed‬‬
‫;‪And the freshness of those good looks has diminished‬‬
‫; ‪I see my life span filled with sorrow‬‬
‫?‪May I get rid of this life tomorrow‬‬
‫;‪Why should I not cry while Cane is in the grave‬‬
‫;‪Abel killed his brother Cane so brave‬‬
‫‪Page 12 of 24‬‬
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
O sorry! I have lost that good-looking son!
Then Satan - may God damn it - replied,
Get away from this land and its residents
As there is no more room for you anymore in this expanded Paradise
You and your spouse were living in peace
And from the troubles of the world was your heart at comfort.
But you could not escape my tricks and plots
Until you lost that valuable thing
And God gave the people tamarisk and bitter ‘khamt
Instead of Paradise and its open gates
And had I not received the Mercy of the Omnipotent
You would not have lost Paradise now.”22
What is the ‘‫‘ ’ ِذ ْكر ُاللَُِّه‬Zikr Allahazwj’ which is a Must under All
Conditions:
ٍ
ِ ‫اخلف‬
ِ
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
ِ َّ‫َعلِ ُّي بْ ُن ُحمَ َّم ٍد َع ْن َعلِ ِّي بْ ِن الْ َعب‬
‫َّاف َع ْن أَِيب َج ْع َف ٍر ع‬
ْ ‫الر ْمحَ ِن َع ْن ُس ْفيَا َن‬
َّ ‫ني بْ ِن َعْب ِد‬
َْ ‫احلَ ِري ِر ِي َع ْن أَبِيه َع ْن َس ْعد‬
َ ْ ‫اس َع ِن‬
.ُ‫ َو ََْن ُن ِذ ْكُر اللَّ ِه َو ََْن ُن أَ ْك َْب‬..... :‫ال‬
َ َ‫ق‬
ِ (Zikr Allahazwj(Imam) Abu Jafarasws says (in a long Hadith): Weasws are the ‘‫’ذ ْك ُر اللَّ ِه‬
Allahazwj’s Remembrance), and weasws are greater.23
‫ عن احلسني‬،‫ حدثِن هارون بن مسلم‬:‫ قال‬،‫ حدثِن أمحد بن حممد بن أمحد املدائِن‬:‫ قال‬،‫ عن جعفر‬،‫ عن حممد بن مهام‬:‫و عنه‬
:‫ ذكر ربه‬:‫ قال‬،‫ض َع ْن ِذ ْك ِر َربِِّه‬
ْ ‫ َو َم ْن يُ ْع ِر‬:‫ يف قوله‬،‫ عن ابن عباس‬،‫ عن أيب صاحل‬،‫ عن الكلِب‬،‫ عن علي بن غراب‬،‫بن علوان‬
ِ ْ‫ك ََتَّروا ر َشداً أي طلبوا احلق أ ََّما ال‬
ِ
‫ احلائد عن‬:‫ القاسط‬:‫ قال‬،‫قاسطُو َن اآلية‬
َ ْ َ َ ‫ فَأُولئ‬:‫ قوله‬،)‫والية علي بن أيب طالب (عليه السالم‬
.‫الطريق‬
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Hamaam, from Ja’far, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad
Al-Mada’iny, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Al-Husayn Bin Alwaan, from Ali Bin Gurab, from Al-Kalby,
from Abu Salih, who has said:
22
23
UYUN AKHBAR AL-REZA, H. 24-1
596 :‫ ص‬،2‫ ج‬،)‫ اإلسالمية‬- ‫الكافي (ط‬, H. 1.
Page 13 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
‘From Ibn Abbas [72:17] and whoever turns aside from the Reminder (Zikr) of
his Lord, said, ‘Zikr of his Lord (is the) – Wilayah of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws’. Hisazwj
Words [72:14] these aim at the right way, i.e., seeking of the Truth (Wilayah)
[72:15] And as to the deviators, they are fuel of Hell, said, ‘Al-Qasit’ – The strayer
off the ‘‫ ’الطريق‬The Just Path (Wilayah)’.24
The Acts of Devotion of Various People:
،‫ حدثنا اإلمام موسى بن جعفر‬:‫ قال‬،‫ عن عيسى بن داود‬،‫ عن حممد بن إْساعيل‬،‫ حدثنا حممد بن مهام‬:‫ قال‬،‫حممد بن العباس‬
ِ ‫ لِ ُك ِّل أ َُّم ٍة جع ْلنا مْنسكاً هم‬:‫ «ملا نزلت هذه اآلية‬:‫ قال‬،)‫عن أبيه (عليهما السالم‬
‫ناس ُكوهُ مجعهم رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و‬
ْ ُ َ َ ََ
ِ ‫ لِ ُك ِّل أ َُّم ٍة جعلْنا مْنسكاً هم‬:‫ إن اهلل تعاىل يقول‬،‫ يا معاشر املهاجرين و اِلنصار‬:‫ مث قال‬،)‫آله‬
‫ناس ُكوهُ و املنسك هو اإلمام لكل‬
ْ ُ َ َ ََ
)‫ و هو علي بن أيب طالب (عليه السالم‬،‫ و هو املنسك‬،‫ أال و إن لزوم اإلمام و طاعته هو الدين‬،‫ حَّت يدركه نِب‬،‫امة بعد نبيها‬
.‫ فإِن أدعوكم إىل هداه فإنه على هدى مستقيم‬،‫إمامكم بعدي‬
Muhammad Bin Al Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Hamam, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Isa Bin
Dawood,
(It has been narrated) from the Imam Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, from hisasws fatherasws having
said: ‘When this Verse was Revealed [22:67] For every community We Made acts of
devotion which they observe, Rasool-Allahsaww gathered them, then said: ‘O group of the
Emigrants and the Helpers! Allahazwj is Saying [22:67] For every community We Made acts
of devotion which they observe. And the act of devotion (‫)المنسك‬, heasws is the Imamasws for
every community after its Prophetas, until the Prophetas realises it, and the need for the
Imamasws, and being obedient to himasws, it is the Religion. And heasws is the act of devotion,
and heasws is Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, your Imamasws after mesaww. Isaww therefore, call you all
to be guided by himasws, for heasws is upon a right Guidance’.
‫ و إن كان رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه‬،‫ و ال نرضى طاعته أبدا‬،‫ و اهلل إذن لننازعن اِلمر‬:‫ و يقولون‬،‫فقام القوم يتعجبون من ذلك‬
ِ
ِ
َ ُ‫جادل‬
َ ‫ك إِن‬
َ ِّ‫ َو ْادعُ إِىل َرب‬:‫ فأنزل اهلل عز و جل‬.‫و آله) املفتون به‬
َ ‫دى ُم ْستَقي ٍم َو إِ ْن‬
ُ‫وك فَ ُق ِل اللَّهُ أ َْعلَ ُم ِبا تَ ْع َملُو َن اللَّه‬
ً ‫َّك لَ َعلى ُه‬
ِ ‫الس‬
ِ
ِ
ِ
ٍ ِ‫ك ِيف ك‬
ِ ‫ماء َو ْاِل َْر‬
َّ ‫يام ِة فِيما ُكْنتُ ْم فِ ِيه ََتْتَلِ ُفو َن أَ َملْ تَ ْعلَ ْم أ‬
‫ك َعلَى‬
َّ ‫َن اللَّهَ يَ ْعلَ ُم ما ِيف‬
َ ‫تاب إِ َّن ذل‬
َ ‫ض إِ َّن ذل‬
َ ‫َْحي ُك ُم بَْي نَ ُك ْم يَ ْوَم الْق‬
.»‫اللَّ ِه يَ ِس ٌري‬
So the people stood up being astounded from that and they were saying, ‘By Allahazwj! Then
we shall snatch the matter, and we will not be pleased to be obedient to himasws, ever, even if
Rasool-Allahsaww is infatuated by himasws’. Thus, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed
[22:67] and call to your Lord; surely you are on a right Guidance [22:68] And if they
contend with you, say: Allah Knows what you are doing [22:69] Allah will Judge
between you on the Day of Judgement regarding what you used to differ in [22:70] Do
you not know that Allah Knows what is in the sky and the earth? Surely this is in a
Book; that is easy for Allah (to do)’.25
24
25
(.390 :2 ‫)تفسير القمّي‬
37 /349 :1 ‫تأويل اآليات‬
Page 14 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
Reciting ‘Name of Allah’ in the Start of a Poetry
ِ ‫علِي بن إِب ر ِاهيم عن أَبِ ِيه عن علِي ب ِن معب ٍد عن و‬
‫ت أَبَا َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ع َع ْن قَ ْوِل‬
َ َ‫اص ِل بْ ِن ُسلَْي َما َن َع ْن َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه بْ ِن ُسلَْي َما َن ق‬
ُ ْ‫ َسأَل‬:‫ال‬
ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُّ َ
َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ِّ َ ْ َ
ِ
ِِ
ِ َ َ‫ال ق‬
‫الرْم ِل َو لَ ِك ْن‬
َ َ‫ َو َرت ِِّل الْ ُق ْرآ َن تَ ْرتِ ًيال ق‬-َّ‫اللَّ ِه َعَّز َو َجل‬
َّ ‫ِّع ِر َو َال تَنْثُْرهُ نَثَْر‬
َ ‫ال أَمريُ الْ ُم ْؤمن‬
ْ ‫ني ص بَيِّنْهُ تْبيَاناً َو َال تَ ُه َّذهُ َه َّذ الش‬
ِ ‫اسيةَ و َال ي ُكن ه ُّم أَح ِد ُكم‬
ِ
.ِ‫الس َورة‬
ُّ ‫آخَر‬
ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫أَفْ ِز ُعوا قُلُوبَ ُك ُم الْ َق‬
Abu Abdullahasws said: Do not ignore the expression, In the name of Allah, the
Beneficent, the Merciful, even if it is followed by a poem.26
Abu Abdullahasws Recites Verses of a Poet:
ِ
ٍ
ٍ
ِ
ِ َ‫ني َعن َعم ِرو ب ِن إِب ر ِاهيم َعن َخل‬
ِ َّ‫صوِر بْ ِن الْ َعب‬
‫ف بْ ِن‬
ْ
ُ ْ ‫احلُ َس‬
ُ ْ‫ني بْ ُن ُحمَ َّمد َع ْن ُم َعلَّى بْ ِن ُحمَ َّمد َع ْن َمن‬
ْ َ َ ْ ْ ْ ْ ٍ ‫اس َع ِن ا ْحلَ َس ِن بْ ِن َعل ِّي بْ ِن يَ ْقط‬
ِ
ٍ
ِ ِ
ِ ْ ُ‫ال سعة‬
ِ ْ‫َّع ِر ِيف ْاِلَن‬
‫ال أَ َما‬
ْ ‫ف أ ََما ٌن ِم َن‬
َ َ‫اْلُ َذ ِام ُمثَّ ق‬
ُ َ‫اْلُُربَّان َو نَب‬
ْ ‫ات الش‬
َ َ َ َ‫َمحَّاد َع ْن َعل ٍّي الْ ُق ِّم ِّي َع ْن أَِيب َعْبد اللَّه ( عليه السالم ) ق‬
ِ
ِ
ِ ‫َّاع ِر و َال تَرى قَ ِم‬
ِ ‫اْلَْي‬
‫ب َو الْيَ ِد‬
ْ ‫يصي إَِّال َو ِاس َع‬
َ ‫َْس ْع‬
َ َ ‫ت قَ ْو َل الش‬
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Mansour Bin Al Abbas, from Al Hassan
Bin Ali Bin Yaqteen, from Amro Bin Ibrahim, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from Ali Al Qummy,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Expansive shirting and the
(cutting) the hair growth of the hair in the nose is a safety from the leprosy’. Then
heasws said: ‘Have you not heard the words of the poet – ‘And you will not see my
shirt except as wide of the collar and the sleeves’’. 27
Verses Compiled by Abu Talibasws:
ِ ‫ِّق وعد َك فَأَثْبِت ِِل قَوِِل و انْشر ِذ ْك ِري و ش َّد ع‬
ِِ
ِ ‫اف حو َل الْبي‬
‫ت بَ ْع َد‬
ُ ‫يَ ُق‬
َ ْ َ ْ ‫صد‬
َُ ُ َ
ْ
َْ ْ َ َ َ‫ضدي َو َكا َن َه َذا تَ ْرَد َاد َك َالمه َو َما ط‬
َ ‫ول اللَّ ُه َّم‬
ُْ َ ْ
ِ ‫مجيعها إِ َىل ب ِِن الْمخز‬
ِ َ ‫ت ِشع ٍر ح ََّّت مات و لَ ِكن قَ ِد ارََتز علَى بنِي ِه ي وم أَراد ََْنر عب ِد اللَّ ِه فَ َدفَع ْاِلَسي‬
ِ ‫رْؤياه ِيف الْبِْئ ِر بِبي‬
‫وميَّ ِة إِ َىل‬
ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ََ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ
َْ
ُْ َ َ
َُ ُ
َ َ َ ‫اف‬
َْ َ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ٍ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ
ِ ٍ
ِ ِ ُّ
ٍ ‫ف ِلَِيب طَال‬
ٍ ‫صار ِلَِيب طَال‬
‫ف ْلَ ْع َف ٍر‬
ٌ ‫ف ل َعل ٍّي َو َسْي‬
ٌ ‫ب َو َسْي‬
ٌ ‫َسيَاف َسْي‬
َ ‫ب م ْن َذل‬
ْ ‫ك أ َْربَ َعةُ أ‬
َ َ َ‫الزبَ ْري َو إ َىل أَِيب طَالب َو إ َىل َعْبد اللَّه ف‬
ِ
ِ ِ ‫ان ُمثَّ عادت فَصار‬
ِ ِِ
ِ ِ ِ
ِ ‫ب و َكا َن لِ ُّلزب ِري سي َف‬
ِ ْ َ‫اطمةَ و اثْن‬
ٍ ِ ِ ٌ ‫و َسْي‬
‫ني ِم ْن‬
ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ِ ‫ان َو َكا َن ل َعْبد اللَّه َسْي َف‬
ْ َ َْ
َ َ َ‫ت ل َعل ٍّي ْاِلَْربَ َعةُ الْبَاقيَةُ اثْنَ ْني م ْن ف‬
َ ‫ف لطَال‬
َ
ِ
‫ف َج ْع َفر‬
ُ ‫اح َسْي‬
َ َ‫أ َْوَالد َها فَط‬
….Abu Talibasws says O Allahazwj, Make your Promise to come true, thus Establish my
word, spread the word about me, strengthen my arms. These were his repeated
words after his dream in the well, he did not do any Tawaf, while saying lines of
poetry until he died. However, he spontaneously read a poem to his sons on the day
he wanted to offer Abd Allahasws, one of his sons as a sacrificial offering.28
26
614 :‫ ص‬،2‫ ج‬،)‫ اإلسالمية‬- ‫الكافي (ط‬, H.1
Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 29 H 8
28
221 :‫ ص‬،4‫ ج‬،)‫ اإلسالمية‬- ‫الكافي (ط‬
27
Page 15 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
Earnings of the lamenting woman:
ِ ِ
ِ
ِ ِ ِ
ِ َ‫ال َكان‬
ِ ‫اع‬
ِ َ‫مجيعاً عن حن‬
‫ت ْامَرأَةٌ َم َعنَا ِيف ا ْحلَ ِّي‬
َ َ‫ان بْ ِن َس ِدي ٍر ق‬
ْ ‫يم َع ْن أَبِ ِيه َو ُحمَ َّم ُد بْ ُن َْحي ََي َع ْن أ‬
َ ْ َ َ ‫يل‬
َ ‫َعل ُّي بْ ُن إبْ َراه‬
َ َ‫َمحَ َد بْ ِن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن إ ْْس‬
ِ
َّ ‫ت تَ ْعلَ ُم أ‬
‫اْلَا ِريَِة النَّائِ َح ِة َو قَ ْد‬
ْ ِ‫يش ِِت ِم َن اللَّ ِه َعَّز َو َجلَّ ُمثَّ ِم ْن َه ِذه‬
َ ِ‫َن َمع‬
ْ َ‫َو ََلَا َجا ِريَةٌ نَائ َحةٌ فَ َجاء‬
ْ َ‫ت إِ َىل أَِيب فَ َقال‬
َ ْ‫ت يَا َع ِّم أَن‬
ِ
ِ
‫ت ِم ْن ََثَنِ َها َح ََّّت يَأِِْتَ اللَّهُ بِالْ َفَرِج‬
َ ‫ت أَ ْن تَ ْسأ ََل أَبَا َعْبد اللَّ ِه ( عليه السالم ) َع ْن ذَل‬
ُ ‫ك فَإِ ْن َكا َن َح َالًال َو إَِّال بِ ْعتُ َها َو أَ َك ْل‬
ُ ‫َحبَْب‬
ْ‫أ‬
ِ ِ
ِ
ِ
‫َسأَلَهُ َع ْن َه ِذهِ الْ َم ْسأَلَِة‬
َ ‫فَ َق‬
ْ ‫ال ََلَا أَِيب َو اللَّه إِ ِِّن َِل ُْعظ ُم أَبَا َعْبد اللَّه ( عليه السالم ) أَ ْن أ‬
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ismail
altogether, from Hanaan Bin Sadeyr who said,
‘There was a woman with us in Al-Hayy, and for her is a slave girl, a lamenter. So
she came over to my father and said, ‘O uncle! You know that my livelihood is from
Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, then from this slave girl, the lamenter, and I would love
it if you could ask Abu Abdullahasws about that. So if it was Permissible (fine), or else
I would sell her and eat from her price until such time as Allah azwj Grants me with the
relief (alternative source of income)’. So my father said to her, ‘I consider it a big
thing that I should ask Abu Abdullahasws about this question’.
ِ
ِ
ِ ِ
ِ
‫ال قُ ْل‬
َ ‫ت َو اللَّ ِه َما أ َْد ِري تُ َشا ِر ُط أ َْم َال فَ َق‬
َ ‫ك فَ َق‬
َ َ‫ق‬
َ ‫َخبَ ْرتُهُ أَنَا بِ َذل‬
ْ ‫ال فَلَ َّما قَد ْمنَا َعلَْيه أ‬
ُ ‫ال أَبُو َعْبد اللَّه ( عليه السالم ) أَ تُ َشا ِر ُط قُ ْل‬
ِ
.‫ت‬
ُ ‫ََلَا َال تُ َشا ِر‬
ْ َ‫ط َو تَ ْقبَ ُل َما أ ُْعطي‬
He (the narrator) said, ‘So when we proceeded to himasws, I informed himasws with
that, so Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Does she stipulate (a price beforehand)?’ I said, ‘By
Allahazwj! I do not know whether she stipulates or not’. So he asws said: ‘Tell her not to
stipulate, and she can accept whatever is given’.29
ِ ِ
ِ
ِ َ َ‫احلس ِن ب ِن ع ِطيَّةَ عن ع َذافِ ٍر ق‬
ِ
‫ت أَبَا َعْب ِد اللَّ ِه ( عليه السالم ) َو قَ ْد ُسئِ َل‬
ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َْ ‫يم َع ْن أَبِيه َع ِن ابْ ِن أَِيب ُع َم ٍْري َع ِن‬
ُ ‫ال َْس ْع‬
َ ‫َعل ُّي بْ ُن إبْ َراه‬
ِ ‫ضر‬
ِ ِ َ َ‫ب النَّائِح ِة ق‬
ِ ‫َع ْن َكس‬
‫ُخَرى‬
ْ ‫ب إِ ْح َدى يَ َديْ َها َعلَى ْاِل‬
َ
ْ َ ‫ال تَ ْستَحلُّهُ ب‬
ْ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, form Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Al Hassan Bin Atiyya, from Uzafir who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws and heasws had been asked about earnings of the female
lamenter, heasws said: ‘It is Permissible for her to strike with one hand upon the other’
(being righteous) .30
The poetry which women sing:
ٍِ
ٍ
ِ ِ
ِ ‫يد عن علِي ب ِن أَِيب محَْزةَ عن أَِيب ب‬
ِ ْ ‫احلُس‬
‫ت أَبَا َج ْع َف ٍر ( عليه‬
َ َ‫ص ٍري ق‬
ْ ‫َص َحابِنَا َع ْن أ‬
ُ ْ‫ال َسأَل‬
ْ ‫ع َّدةٌ م ْن أ‬
ْ ِّ َ ْ َ ‫ني بْ ِن َسع‬
َ َْ َ
َ ْ ‫َمحَ َد بْ ِن ُحمَ َّمد َع ِن‬
ِ ‫ب الْمغَنِّي‬
ِِ ‫اس لَي‬
ِ
ِ
َِّ
‫س َو ُه َو قَ ْو ُل اللَّ ِه َعَّز َو‬
ُ ‫الر َج‬
َ ‫ات فَ َق‬
ِّ ‫ال الَِِّت يَ ْد ُخ ُل َعلَْي َها‬
َ ُ ِ ‫السالم ) َع ْن َك ْس‬
ٌ ْ‫س به بَأ‬
َ ْ ‫ال َحَر ٌام َو الِت تُ ْد َعى إ َىل اِْل َْعَر‬
ِ
ِ ‫يث لِي‬
ِ ِ ْ ‫َّاس من ي ْش ِتي ََلو‬
. ‫ض َّل َع ْن َسبِ ِيل اللَّ ِه‬
ُ ‫احلَد‬
َْ َ َ ْ َ ِ ‫َج َّل َو م َن الن‬
29
30
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 35 H 3
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 35 H 4
Page 16 of 24
Poets and the Poetry
www.hubeali.com
A number of our companions, form Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin
Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about earning of the singers, so heasws said: ‘(That singing) at
which the men come over to her for is Prohibited, but (that singing) which she is
invited to the weddings, there is no problem with it, and these are the Words of
Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [31:6] And from the people is one who buys
amusing discourse to lead astray from Allah’s Way without knowledge’.31
ِ ُّ ‫ال الْمغَنِّيةُ الَِِّت تَز‬
ِ ِ
ِ
ِ
‫س بِ َك ْسبِ َها‬
ُ
َ ُ َ َ‫َعْنهُ َع ْن َح َك ٍم ا ْحلَنَّاط َع ْن أَِيب بَص ٍري َع ْن أَِيب َعْبد اللَّه ( عليه السالم ) ق‬
َ ْ‫س َال بَأ‬
َ ‫ف الْ َعَرائ‬
From him, from Hakam Al Hannat, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘The female singer who
attends the weddings, there is no problem with her earnings’.32
ٍ
ِ ِ ِ
ِ ِ
‫ت أَبَا َعْب ِد‬
َ َ‫ض ِل بْ ِن َكثِ ٍري َع ْن َح َّسا َن الْ ُم َعلِّ ِم ق‬
ْ ‫َص َحابِنَا َع ْن أ‬
ْ ‫يل بْ ِن بَِزي ٍع َع ِن الْ َف‬
ُ ْ‫ال َسأَل‬
ْ ‫ع َّدةٌ م ْن أ‬
َ ‫َمحَ َد بْ ِن ُحمَ َّمد َع ْن ُحمَ َّمد بْ ِن إ ْْسَاع‬
ِ
ِ
‫ال نَ َع ْم‬
َ َ‫ُشا ِر ُط َعلَْي ِه ق‬
َ ‫اللَّ ِه ( عليه السالم ) َع ِن الت َّْعلِي ِم فَ َق‬
َّ ‫ِّعُر َو‬
َ‫كأ‬
َ ‫الر َسائِ ُل َو َما أَ ْشبَهَ ذَل‬
ْ ‫ت الش‬
ُ ْ‫َجراً قُل‬
ْ ‫ال َال تَأْ ُخ ْذ َعلَى الت َّْعلي ِم أ‬
ٍ ‫ض ُه ْم َعلَى بَ ْع‬
.‫ض‬
ِّ ‫الصْب يَا ُن عِْن َد َك َس َواءً ِيف الت َّْعلِي ِم َال تُ َف‬
ِّ ‫بَ ْع َد أَ ْن يَ ُكو َن‬
َ ‫ض ُل بَ ْع‬
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazie,
from Al Fazl Bin Kaseer, from Hassan Al Muallam who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the teaching, so heasws said: ‘Do not take the
recompense upon the teaching’. I said, ‘the poetry, and the letter writing and what
resembles that, stipulating (a price) upon it (a teaching job)?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, if
there happen to be children in your presence, (treat them) equal in the teaching, not
preferring some over the others’.33
Example of Forbidden Poetry
‫ عن‬،‫ عن هارون بن مسلم‬،‫ عن عمه حممد بن أيب القاسم‬،)‫ حدثنا حممد بن علي ماجيلويه (رضي اهلل عنه‬:‫ قال‬،‫ابن بابويه‬
‫ و ال على‬،‫ و ال على النصارى‬،‫ «ال تسلموا على اليهود‬:‫ قال‬،)‫ عن أبيه (عليهما السالم‬،‫ عن جعفر بن حممد‬،‫مسعدة بن صدقة‬
‫ و ال‬،‫ و ال على املخنث‬،‫ و ال على صاحب الشطرنج و النرد‬،‫ و ال على موائد شرب اخلمر‬،‫ و ال على عبدة اِلوثان‬،‫اجملوس‬
‫ و‬،‫ ِلن التسليم من املسلم تطوع‬،‫ ِلن املصلي ال يستطيع أن يرد السالم‬،‫ و ال على املصلي‬،‫على الشاعر الذي يقذف احملصنات‬
‫ و ال على الفاسق املعلن‬،‫ و ال على الذي يف احلمام‬،‫ و ال على رجل جالس على غائط‬،‫ و ال على آكل الربا‬،‫الرد عليه فريضة‬
.»‫بفسقه‬
Ibn babuwayh, from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim,
from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,
31
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 37 H 1
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 37 H 2
33
Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 38 H 1
32
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(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Mohammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws having
said: ‘Neither send greetings upon the jews, nor upon the Christians, nor upon the
Magians, and upon the idol worshippers, nor upon the drinker of wine upon the table,
nor upon the one playing chess and the dice, nor upon the bisexual, nor upon the
poet against the chaste (women), nor upon the Praying ones because the Praying
one does not have the ability to return the greeting, because the initiation of the
greeting is voluntary but (it’s) the response is an Obligation, nor upon the consumer
of the interest, nor upon a man seated upon the toilet, nor upon the one who is in the
bath, nor upon the self-declared evil-doer’.34
‫ وزواَلم عن مواالة سيد خلق اهلل بعد‬،‫(ذلك) يعِن ذلك العذاب الذي وجب على هوالء بآثامهم وإجرامهم ملخالفتهم المامهم‬
‫ وشرع‬،‫ (بأن اهلل نزل الكتاب باحلق) نزل الكتاب الذي توعد فيه من َمالف احملقني وجانب الصادقني‬.‫ أخيه وصفيه‬،‫حممد نبيه‬
،‫ (وإن الذين اختلفوا يف الكتاب) فلم يؤمنوا به‬.‫ نزل الكتاب باحلق أن ما يوعدون به يصيبهم وال ِيطئهم‬،‫يف طاعة الفاسقني‬
‫ كأن احلق يف شق‬،‫ إنه كهانة (لفي شقاق بعيد) َمالفة بعيدة عن احلق‬:‫ وبعضهم‬،‫ إنه شعر‬:‫ وبعضهم‬.‫ إنه سحر‬:‫قال بعضهم‬
.‫وهم يف شق غريه ِيالفه‬
"This is" meaning, that Punishment which was obligated on those due to their sins
which emboldened them to oppose their Imamasws, and their declining the friendship
of the Chief of the creation of Allahazwj after Mohammadsaww Hisazwj Prophetsaww,
hissaww brother and one with hisazwj qualities. "because Allah has revealed the Book
with the truth" Sent down the Book which Promised Punishment to the one who
opposed the rightful and stayed away from the truthful, and followed the mischief
makers.
Sent down the Book with the truth, that the Promised Punishment will come and
there is no error in that. "and surely those who go against the Book" they do not
believe in it. Some of them say: 'This is sorcery'. Some of them: 'This is poetry'.
Some of them: 'This is foretelling "are in a great opposition." opposition, far from the
truth. When they doubt the truth, their perception takes them further in the opposite
direction.35
ِ َّ
‫ين َآمنُوا إَِّمنَا‬
َ ‫ يا أَيُّ َها الذ‬:‫ يف قوله تعاىل‬،)‫ عن أيب جعفر (عليه السالم‬،‫ و يف رواية أيب اْلارود‬:‫ قال‬،)‫علي بن إبراهيم يف (تفسريه‬
ِ
،‫ و ما أسكر كثريه فقليله حرام‬،‫ فهو حرام‬،‫ إذا أَخر‬،‫ «أما اخلمر فكل مسكر من الشراب‬:‫الم‬
ْ
ُ ‫صاب َو ْاِلَْز‬
ُ ْ‫اخلَ ْمُر َو الْ َمْيسُر َو ْاِلَن‬
‫ فسمعه‬،‫ من أهل بدر‬،‫ و يبكي على قتلى املشركني‬،‫ فجعل يقول الشعر‬،‫ فسكر‬،‫و ذلك أن أبا بكر شرب قبل أن حيرم اخلمر‬
‫ فأنزل اهلل‬،‫ حَّت ذهب عنه السكر‬،‫ فلم يتكلم‬،‫ فأمسك على لسانه‬.‫ اللهم أمسك على لسانه‬:‫النِب (صلى اهلل عليه و آله) فقال‬
.‫َترَيها بعد ذلك‬
Ali Bin Ibrahim, in his commentary, said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said regarding the Words of the
High [5:90] O you who believe! Intoxicants and games of chance and
(sacrificing to) stones set up and (dividing by) arrows: ‘As for the wine, so it is
34
35
57 /484 :‫الخصال‬
Tafseer Imam Hassan Askari asws, H. 352
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every intoxicant which is drunk, if it intoxicates, so it is Forbidden. And if a lot of it
intoxicates, so a little of it is (also) Forbidden. And it was that Abu Bakr used to drink
before the Prohibition of the wine, so he used to be intoxicated. So he went on to say
poetry and wept upon the Polytheists who were killed at Badr, and the Prophetsaww
heard it, so hesaww said: ‘Our Allahazwj! Withhold his tongue’. So his tongue has Held,
and he did not speak until the intoxication went away from him. So Allah azwj
Revealed its Prohibition after that’.36
Words of Amir-ul-Momineenasws against Tale-telling Poems:
‫ أتلو عليكم احلكمة وأعظكم باملوعظة الشافية الكافية وأحثكم على اْلهاد‬،‫فأنتم شهود كغياب وأحياء كأموات وصم ذوو أْساع‬
‫ تتناشدون اِلشعار وتضربون اِلمثال وتسألون عن سعر‬،‫ فما آِت على آخر كالمي حَّت أراكم متفرقني حلقا شَّت‬،‫ِلهل اْلور‬
‫ شغلتموها باِلباطيل واِلضاليل‬،‫ وأصبحت قلوبكم فارغة من ذكرها‬،‫ لقد سئمتم احلرب واالستعداد َلا‬،‫التمر واللنب تبت أيديكم‬
.‫واِلعاليل‬
(Amir-ul-Momineenasws said) So, you are present as if you are absent, and living as if
you are dead, and deaf despite having ears. I asws preach to you the wisdom and
preach to you with a preaching which is a sufficient healing, and I asws urge you
towards the Holy War against the people of oppression. I asws do not reach to the end
of myasws speech and Iasws see you are dispersing in groups. You are reciting the
poetry and striking the examples, and asking about the price of the dates and the
milk. May your hands be broken. You have got bored of the war and the preparation
for it, and your hearts are empty and you have stopped mentioning it. You have
busied yourselves with the invalidities and the vanities and the excuses.37
Sermon of Amir-ul-Momineenasws in Al-Basra in refutation of Ibn AlAas
‫ العجب لطغاة أهل الشام حيث يقبلون قول عمرو ويصدقونه وقد بلغ من حديثه وكذبه وقلة‬:‫فقام علي عليه السالم فقال‬
،‫ وقد لعنه سبعين لعنة ولعن صاحبه الذي يدعو إليه في غير موطن‬،‫ورعه أن يكذب على رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله‬
‫ (اللهم إني ال أقول‬:‫ فقال رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله‬،‫وذلك أنه هجا رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله بقصيدة سبعين بيتا‬
.)‫ فالعنه أنت ومالئكتك بكل بيت لعنة تترى على عقبه إلى يوم القيامة‬،‫الشعر وال أحله‬
Aliasws arose and said: ‘The strangeness of the tyrants of Syria for accepting the
words of Amro and ratifying him, and it has reached from his narration, and his lies,
and Iasws say that he is forging lies against the Rasool Allahsaww who has cursed him
with seventy curses, and cursed his companion who called to him in another place,
and that he had ridiculed the Rasool Allahsaww by poems in seventy verses. So the
Rasool Allahsaww said: ‘Our Allahazwj, Isaww do not speak poetry nor do Isaww consider it
to be permissible, so Youazwj and Yourazwj Angels, Send Curses for each of those
verses (he fabricated) and upon his descendants up to the Day of Judgement. 38
36
180 :1 ‫( تفسير القمّي‬Extract)
Kitab Sulym ibn Qais Hilali, H. 12.
38
737 :‫ ص‬،2‫ ج‬،‫ كتاب سليم بن قيس الهاللي‬, H. 22.
37
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Appendix: Further Verses from the Holy Quran on ‘Poet’ and Poetry
CHAPTER 37 - VERSES 36 - 42
َ ِ‫ار ُكو آلِ َهتِ َنا ل‬
}36{ ‫ون‬
ٍ ‫شاعِ ٍر َم ْج ُن‬
ِ ‫َو َيقُولُونَ أَئِ َّنا لَ َت‬
[37:36] And were saying: Shall we give up our gods for the sake of an insane
poet?
[37:37] But, he has come with the Truth and ratified the Rasools [37:38] You
will be tasting the painful Punishment [37:39] And you shall not be
Recompensed with except (for) what you had been doing [37:40] Except for the
sincere servants of Allah [37:41] For them is a known sustenance [37:42]
Fruits, and they shall be Honoured
.‫ قالوا انكم كنتم تأتوننا عن اليمني يعىن فالنا وفالنا قالوا بل مل تكونوا مؤمنني‬:‫يف تفسري على بن ابراهيم‬
In Tafseer of Ali Bin Ibrahim (Qummi) –
[37:28] They shall say: Surely you used to come to us from the right side
Meaning so and so and so and so (first and the second) [37:29] They shall say:
But, you did not become Believers’.39
‫ عن سعد‬،‫ حدثِن أيب‬:‫ قال‬،‫ أخْبِن أبو القاسم جعفر بن حممد بن قولويه‬:‫ قال‬،‫ أخْبِن حممد بن حممد‬:‫ قال‬،)‫ يف (أماليه‬،‫وعنه‬
‫ عن أيب جعفر حممد بن علي (عليهما‬،‫ عن أيب محزة الثماِل‬،‫ عن احلسن بن حمبوب‬،‫ عن أمحد بن حممد بن عيسى‬،‫بن عبد اهلل‬
‫ ال تزول قدم عبد مؤمن يوم القيامة من بني يدي اهلل عز و جل حَّت‬:)‫ « قال رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و آله‬:‫ قال‬،)‫السالم‬
‫ و أين وضعته؟ و عن حبنا أهل‬،‫ من أين اكتسبته‬،‫ فيما أبليته؟ و مالك‬،‫ فيما أفنيته؟ و جسدك‬،‫ عمرك‬:‫يسأله عن أربع خصال‬
‫البيت‬
And from him, in his Amaali, said, ‘Muhammad Bin Muhammad informed me, from Abu Al-Qasim
Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Qawlawiya, from his father, from Sa’d Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin
Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abu Hamza Al-Sumaly,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Mohammadasws Bin Aliasws having said:
‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The feet of a Believing servant would not move on the Day of
Judgement from in front of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic until he is asked about four
things – Your life, regarding what you wasted it? And your body – regarding what did
you indulge it in? And your wealth – from where did you attain it, and where did you
place it? And about the love for usasws, the Peopleasws of the Household’.
.»‫ و وضع يده على رأس علي بن أيب طالب‬،‫ حمبة هذا‬:‫ يا رسول اهلل؟ فقال‬،‫ و ما عالمة حبكم‬:‫ فقال رجل من القوم‬.
So a man from the people said, ‘And what is the sign of your saww love, O RasoolAllahsaww?’ So hesaww said: ‘The love for this one’ – and placed hissaww hand upon the
head of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws’.40
39
Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 37 H 27
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،)‫ عن أيب جعفر (عليه السالم‬،‫ عن حممد بن إسحاق املدِن‬،‫ عن ابن حمبوب‬،‫ عن أبيه‬،‫ عن علي بن إبراهيم‬:‫حممد بن يعقوب‬
.»‫ فيأتون به إىل أولياء اهلل قبل أن يسألوهم إياه‬،‫ «يعلمه اخلدام‬:‫ قال‬،‫وم فَواكِهُ َو ُه ْم ُمكَْرُمو َن‬
َ ِ‫ أُولئ‬:‫ قوله‬:‫قال‬
ٌ ُ‫ك ََلُ ْم ِرْز ٌق َم ْعل‬
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad
Bin Is’haq Al-Madany,
‘Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Hisazwj Words [37:41] For them is a known
sustenance, heasws said: ‘The servants know of it, so they bring it to the friend of
Allahazwj before he even asks them for it’.
.»‫ «فإهنم ال يشتهون شيئا يف اْلنة إال أكرموا به‬:‫ قال‬،‫ فَواكِهُ َو ُه ْم ُمكَْرُمو َن‬:‫و أما قوله عز و جل‬
And as for the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [37:42] Fruits, and they shall be
Honoured, heasws said: ‘They will not desire anything in the Paradise, except that
they will be honoured with it’.41
CHAPTER 69 - VERSES 38 TO 52
َ ‫} َو َما ه َُو بِ َق ْو ِل‬40{ ‫يم‬
َ‫شاع ٍِر ۚ َقل اِيَل َما ُت ْؤ ِم ُنون‬
ُ ‫} إِ َّن ُه لَ َق ْول ُ َر‬39{ َ‫} َو َما ََل ُت ْبصِ رُون‬38{ َ‫َف ََل أ ُ ْقسِ ُم بِ َما ُت ْبصِ رُون‬
ٍ ‫س‬
ٍ ‫ول َك ِر‬
َ
}44{ ‫يل‬
َ ‫} َولَ ْو َت َق َّول َ َعلَ ْي َنا َب ْع‬43{ َ‫} َت ْن ِزيل ٌ مِنْ َر ِّب ا ْل َعالَمِين‬42{ َ‫ِن ۚ َقل اِيَل َما َت َذ َّكرُون‬
ِ ‫او‬
ِ ‫ض ْاْل َق‬
ٍ ‫} َو ََل ِب َق ْو ِل َكاه‬41{
َ
ْ
َ
َ
َ
ُ
ْ
ٌ
َ
ْ
َ
َّ
َ
َّ
ْ
ُ
ْ
ْ
َ
}48{ َ‫} َوإِن ُه لتذك َِرة لِل ُمتقِين‬47{ َ‫} ف َما ِمنك ْم مِنْ أ َح ٍد َعن ُه َحا ِج ِزين‬46{ َ‫} ث َّم لقط ْعنا ِمن ُه ال َوتِين‬45{ ‫ِين‬
ِ ‫َْلَ َخ ْذ َنا ِم ْن ُه بِا ْل َيم‬
‫يم‬
ْ ‫س ِّب ْح ِب‬
َ ‫} َف‬51{ ‫ِين‬
ِ ‫} َوإِ َّن ُه لَ َحقُّ ا ْل َيق‬50{ َ‫} َوإِ َّن ُه لَ َح ْس َرةٌ َعلَى ا ْل َكاف ِِرين‬49{ َ‫َوإِ َّنا لَ َن ْعلَ ُم أَنَّ ِم ْن ُك ْم ُم َك ِّذ ِبين‬
ِ ِ‫اس ِم َر ِّب َك ا ْل َعظ‬
}52{
[69:38] But nay! I swear by that which you see, [69:39] And by that which you
do not see. [69:40] Most surely, it is the Word of an Honoured Messenger,
[69:41] And it is not the word of a poet; little it is that you believe [69:42] Nor
the word of a soothsayer; little is it that you mind. [69:43] It is a Revelation
from the Lord of the Worlds. [69:44] And if he had fabricated against Us some
of the sayings, [69:45] We would certainly have seized him by the right hand,
[69:46] Then We would certainly have cut off his aorta (vein). [69:47] And not
one of you could have withheld Us from him. [69:48] And it is a Reminder for
the pious. [69:49] And We know that some of you are beliers. [69:50] And it is a
regret to the unbelievers. [69:51] And most surely it is the true certainty [69:52]
So Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Magnificent
‫ عن أيب احلسن املاضي (عليه‬،‫ عن حممد بن الفضيل‬،‫ عن ابن حمبوب‬،‫ عن بعض أصحابنا‬،‫ عن علي بن حممد‬:‫حممد بن يعقوب‬
ٍ ‫ قوله إِنَّه لََقو ُل رس‬:‫ قلت‬:‫ قال‬،)‫السالم‬
.»)‫ «يعِن جْبئيل عن اهلل يف والية علي (عليه السالم‬:‫ول َك ِرٍمي؟ قال‬
َُ ْ ُ
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub,
from Muhammad Bin Al-Fazeyl,
‘I asked from Abu Al-Hassanasws, ‘(What about) [69:40] Most surely, it is the Word
of an Honoured Messenger?’ Heasws said: ‘It Means Jibraeelas, from Allahazwj,
regarding the Wilayah of Aliasws’.
40
41
124 :1 ‫أمالي الطوسي‬
.69 /95 :8 ‫الكافي‬
Page 21 of 24
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ِ ‫ و ما هو بَِقوِل‬:‫قلت‬
‫ فأنزل اهلل‬.‫ و ما أمره اهلل ِبذا يف علي‬،‫ إن حممدا كذاب على ربه‬:‫ «قالوا‬:‫شاع ٍر قَلِ ًيال ما تُ ْؤِمنُو َن؟ قال‬
ْ َُ َ
‫ مث لقطعنا منه‬،‫ ِلخذنا منه باليمني‬،‫ و لو تقول علينا بعض اِلقاويل‬،‫ إن والية علي تنزيل من رب العاملني‬:‫ فقال‬،‫بذلك قرآنا‬
.‫الوتني‬
I said, ‘(What about) [69:41] And it is not the word of a poet; little it is that you
believe?’ Heasws said: ‘They were saying, ‘Mohammadsaww is lying (Nouzobillah)42
against hissaww Lordazwj. And Allahazwj has not Commanded by this regarding Aliasws’.
So Allahazwj Revealed the Quran with that, so Heazwj Said: “[69:43] It the Wilayah of
Aliasws is a Revelation from the Lord of the Worlds. [69:44] And if he had
fabricated against Us some of the sayings, [69:45] We would certainly have
seized him by the right hand [69:46] Then We would certainly have cut off his
aorta
‫ و إن عليا حلسرة على‬،‫ و إنا لنعلم أن منكم مكذبني‬-‫ للعاملني‬-‫ [فقال] إن والية علي لتذكرة للمتقني‬:‫مث عطف القول‬
‫ اشكر ربك العظيم الذي أعطاك هذا‬:‫ يقول‬.‫ باسم ربك العظيم‬-‫ يا حممد‬-‫ و إن والية علي حلق اليقني فسبح‬،‫الكافرين‬
.»‫الفضل‬
Then there is Kindness in the Words, so Heazwj Said [69:48] And it the Wilayah of
Aliasws is a Reminder for the pious – to the Worlds [69:49] And We know that
some of you are beliers [69:50] And it (Wilayah of) Aliasws is a regret to the
unbelievers. [69:51] And it Wilayah of Aliasws is the true certainty [69:52] So
Glorify – O Mohammadsaww the Name of your Lord, the Magnificent’. Heazwj is
Saying: ‘Be thankful to yoursaww Lordazwj the Magnificent, who Gave yousaww this
Grace’.43
CHPTER 73 - VERSES 4 TO 6
َ َ‫} إِنَّ َناشِ َئ َة اللَّ ْي ِل ه َِي أ‬5{ ‫س ُن ْلقِي َعلَ ْي َك َق ْو اَل َثق اِيَل‬
}6{ ‫ش ُّد َو ْط ائا َوأَ ْق َو ُم ق اِيَل‬
َ ‫} إِ َّنا‬4{ ‫أَ ْو ِزدْ َعلَ ْي ِه َو َر ِّت ِل ا ْلقُ ْرآنَ َت ْرت اِيَل‬
[73:4] Or add to it, and recite the Quran as it ought to be recited. [73:5] Surely
We will be Bringing upon you a weighty Word. [73:6] Surely the rising by night
is the firmest way to tread and the best speech.
:‫ قال‬،‫ عن عبد اهلل بن سليمان‬،‫ عن واصل بن سليمان‬،‫ عن علي بن معبد‬،‫ عن أبيه‬،‫ عن علي بن إبراهيم‬:‫حممد بن يعقوب‬
‫ بينه‬:)‫ «قال أمري املؤمنني (صلوات اهلل عليه‬:‫ قال‬،‫ َو َرت ِِّل الْ ُق ْرآ َن تَ ْرتِ ًيال‬:‫ عن قول اهلل عز و جل‬،)‫سألت أبا عبد اهلل (عليه السالم‬
.»‫ و ال يكن هم أحدكم آخر السورة‬،‫ و لكن أفزعوا قلوبكم القاسية‬،‫ و ال تنثره نثر الرمل‬،‫تبيانا و ال هتذه هذ الشعر‬
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, from Wasil Bin
Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman who said:
‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [73:4] and
recite the Quran as it ought to be recited, heasws said: Amir-ul-Momineenasws said:
‘In between it are explanations, and do not read at the pace of the poetry, and do not
42
43
God forbid
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scatter the words like the scattering during the divinations, but it would hurt and
make your heart stiff, and do not be concerned at getting to the end of the
Chapter’.44
CHAPTER 74 - VERSES 11 TO 30
ُ َ‫} َو َبنِين‬12{ ‫} َو َج َع ْلتُ لَ ُه َم ااَل َم ْمدُو ادا‬11{ ‫َذ ْرنِي َومَنْ َخلَ ْقتُ َوحِي ادا‬
ْ‫} ُث َّم َي ْط َم ُع أَن‬14{ ‫} َو َمهَّدْ تُ لَ ُه َت ْم ِهي ادا‬13{ ‫ش ُهو ادا‬
َ ‫ف َق‬
َ ‫} َفقُتِلَ َك ْي‬18{ ‫} إِ َّن ُه َف َّك َر َو َقد ََّر‬17{ ‫ص ُعو ادا‬
َ ‫سأ ُ ْر ِهقُ ُه‬
َ }16{ ‫} َك ََّل ۖ إِ َّن ُه َكانَ ِِل َياتِ َنا َعنِي ادا‬15{ ‫أَ ِزي َد‬
َ‫} ُث َّم قُتِل‬19{ ‫دَّر‬
َ
َ‫} إِنْ َٰ َهذا‬24{ ‫} َف َقالَ إِنْ َٰ َه َذا إِ ََّل سِ ْح ٌر ُي ْؤ َث ُر‬23{ ‫اس َت ْك َب َر‬
ُ
ْ ‫} ث َّم أدْ َب َر َو‬22{ ‫س َر‬
َ ‫س َو َب‬
َ ‫} ُث َّم َع َب‬21{ ‫} ُث َّم َن َظ َر‬20{ ‫ف َقد ََّر‬
َ ‫َك ْي‬
َ ‫اح ٌة لِ ْل َب‬
َ ‫إِ ََّل َق ْول ُ ا ْل َب‬
‫} َعلَ ْي َها‬29{ ‫ش ِر‬
َ ‫} َل َّو‬28{ ‫} ََل ُت ْبقِي َو ََل َت َذ ُر‬27{ ‫س َق ُر‬
َ ‫} َو َما أَدْ َرا َك َما‬26{ ‫س َق َر‬
َ ‫صلِي ِه‬
ْ ُ ‫سأ‬
َ }25{ ‫ش ِر‬
َ ‫ت ِْس َع َة َع‬
}30{ ‫ش َر‬
[74:11] Leave Me and him whom I created, alone (Al-Waheed), [74:12] And
Given him vast riches, [74:13] And sons dwelling in his presence, [74:14] And I
adjusted affairs for him adjustably; [74:15] And yet he desires that I should add
more! [74:16] By no means! surely he offers opposition to Our
Communications. [74:17] I will make a distressing punishment (Saouda)
overtake him. [74:18] Surely he reflected and plotted, [74:19] But may he be
cursed how he plotted; [74:20] Again, may he be cursed how he plotted;
[74:21] Then he looked, [74:22] Then he frowned and scowled, [74:23] Then he
turned back and was big with pride, [74:24] Then he said: This is naught but
the effects of sorcery [74:25] This is naught but the words of a mortal. [74:26] I
will cast him into Hell. [74:27] And what will make you realize what Hell is?
[74:28] It leaves anyone nor does it spare anyone [74:29] It scorches the
mortal. [74:30] Over it are nineteen.
‫ و كان من املستهزئني برسول اهلل (صلى‬،‫ و كان شيخا كبريا جمربا من دهاة العرب‬،‫ إ هنا نزلت يف الوليد بن املغرية‬:‫علي بن إبراهيم‬
‫ فاجتمعت قريش إىل الوليد بن املغرية‬،‫ و كان رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و آله) يقعد يف احلجرة و يقرأ القرآن‬،)‫اهلل عليه و آله‬
.‫ دعوِن أْسع كالمه‬:‫ أشعر هو أم كهانة أم خطب؟ فقال‬،‫ ما هذا الذي يقول حممد‬،‫ يا أبا عبد مشس‬:‫فقالوا‬
Ali Bin Ibrahim (Tafseer Qummi) –
It was Revealed regarding Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira, and he was a great
experienced Sheikh from the villages of Arabia, and he was from the ones who used
to scoff at Rasool-Allahsaww. And Rasool-Allahsaww was seated in the Chamber and
reciting the Quran, so the Qureysh gathered around Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira and
they said, ‘O Abu Abd Al-Shams! What is this which Mohammadsaww is saying? Is
this poetry, or prophecies or sermons?’ He said, ‘Call me to listen to hissaww speech’.
‫ و لكن كالم اهلل الذي‬،‫ «ما هو شعر‬:‫ قال‬.‫ أنشدِن من شعرك‬،‫ يا حممد‬:‫ فقال‬،)‫فدنا من رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و آله‬
‫ فلما بلغ‬،‫ فقرأ عليه رسول اهلل (صلى اهلل عليه و آله) حم السجدة‬.‫ اتل علي منه شيئا‬:‫ فقال‬.»‫ارتضاه ملالئكته و أنبيائه و رسله‬
ٍ ِِ
ِ ِ
‫ و قامت كل شعرة‬،‫» فاقشعر الوليد‬1« ‫ود‬
ُ ‫ فَِإ ْن أ َْعَر‬:‫قوله‬
َ ُ‫ يعِن قريشا فَ ُق ْل أَنْ َذ ْرتُ ُك ْم صاع َقةً مثْ َل صاع َقة عاد َو ََث‬،‫ضوا يا حممد‬
.‫ و مل يرجع إىل قريش من ذلك‬،‫ و مر إىل بيته‬،‫على رأسه و حليته‬
44
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He went with a delegation to Rasool-Allahsaww, so he said, ‘O Mohammadsaww! Sing
to me with yoursaww poetry’. Hesaww said: ‘This is not poetry, but it is the Speech of
Allahazwj which Heazwj has Chosen for Hisazwj Angels, and Hisazwj Prophetsas, and
Hisazwj Messengersas’. So he said, ‘Recite something from it’. So Rasool-Allahsaww
recited [41:1] Ha Mim. So when hesaww reached Hisazwj Words [41:13] But if they
turn away, then say: I warn you of a thunderbolt like the thunderbolt (which fell
of old upon the tribes) of A'ad and Thamud, Al-Waleed trembled, and all the hair
on his head stood up, and went to his house, and did not return to the Qureysh from
that (day)’.
،‫ أما تراه مل يرجع إلينا؟ فغدا أبو جهل إىل الوليد‬،‫ إن أبا عبد مشس صبا إىل دين حممد‬،‫ يا أبا احلكم‬:‫ فقالوا‬،‫فمشوا إىل أيب جهل‬
‫ و لكِن‬،‫ ما صبوت إىل دينه‬:‫ و صبوت إىل دين حممد! فقال‬،‫ و أمشت بنا عدونا‬،‫ نكست رؤوسنا و فضحتنا‬،‫ يا عم‬:] ‫فقال [له‬
‫ و هذا كالم‬،‫ إن اخلطب كالم متصل‬،‫ ال‬:‫ أخطب هو؟ قال‬:‫ فقال له أبو جهل‬.‫ْسعت [منه ] كالما صعبا تقشعر من اْللود‬
‫ أما إِن قد ْسعت أشعار العرب بسيطها و مديدها و رملها و رجزها و‬،‫ ال‬:‫ فشعر هو؟ قال‬:‫ قال‬.‫ و ال ي شبه بعضه بعضا‬،‫منثور‬
.‫ دعِن أفكر فيه‬:‫ فما هو؟ قال‬:‫ قال‬،‫ما هو بشعر‬
So they went to Abu Jahl and said, ‘O Abu Al-Hakam! Abu Abd Al-Shams has
aspired to the Religion of Mohammadsaww. Have you not seen that he never returned
to us?’ The next day Abu Jahl went to Al-Waleed and said to him, ‘O uncle, you have
lowered our heads and exposed us, our enemies are gloating over us, and you have
aspired to the Religion of Mohammadsaww!’ So he said, ‘I have not aspired to hissaww
Religion, but I heard from himsaww such difficult speech which shivered the skin’. Abu
Jahl said to him, ‘Hesaww was preaching?’ He said, ‘No. A sermon is a continuous
speech, this was a prose speech, and there is no resemblance to each other’. He
said, ‘It was poetry?’ He said, ‘No. But I have heard the poems of the Arabs, their
simple ones, and their prolonged ones, and battle slogans, and whatever poems
which they recited’. He said, ‘So what was it?’ He said, ‘Leave me. I want to ponder
over it’.45
45
393 :2 ‫تفسير القمّي‬
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