GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 1
For assessment from 2013
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
SPECIFICATION A
SPECIMEN ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 3
Contents
Page
Question Papers
Christianity
Christianity Through the Gospels
Roman Catholicism 1
Roman Catholicism 2
Christian Philosophy and Ethics
Hinduism
Islam
Judaism
5
19
33
47
61
75
89
103
Mark Schemes
General Marking Instructions for Examiners
Christianity
Christianity Through the Gospels
Roman Catholicism 1
Roman Catholicism 2
Christian Philosophy and Ethics
Hinduism
Islam
Judaism
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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120
129
135
142
149
157
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 5
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 1 CHRISTIANITY
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 6
1.
Study the information below and answer the questions which follow.
A Christian marriage ceremony
(a)
Describe a Christian marriage ceremony.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 7
(b)
Explain why many Christians are against divorce.
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(c)
Explain how a church or chapel community might help Christians facing
difficulties in their marriage.
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(d)
'Sex before marriage is always wrong.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 8
(e)
'A Christian man should only marry a Christian woman.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 9
2.
Study the information below and answer the questions which follow.
Inside the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem
(a)
Describe what religious actions Christians might do when they visit
Bethlehem.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why the birth of Jesus is important to Christians.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 10
(c)
Explain how taking part in pilgrimage might strengthen a Christian's faith.
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(d)
'It is more important to celebrate Jesus' resurrection than to remember his
birth.' Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 11
(e)
'Going on pilgrimage is a waste of time.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 12
3.
Study the information below and then answer the questions which follow.
'As a Christian, I believe that all life comes from God and that all through a person's
life he is present: supporting, comforting and guiding.'
A Christian writes about his belief in God
(a)
Describe what Christians believe about God.
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(b)
Explain what Christianity teaches about abortion.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 13
(c)
Explain how Christians might help a person suffering from a terminal illness.
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(d)
'There is nothing special about human life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 14
(e)
'Only God can decide whether a person should live or die.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 15
4.
Study the text below and answer the questions that follow.
Church joins row over Sunday shopping hours
The Big Issue: Science v Religion
Don't write off religion – it can be the key to a stable family
Church mission to get people back to the pews
Student's parents forgive as killer is sentenced.
Newspaper Headlines
(a)
Describe the challenges facing Christians in practising their faith in Britain
today.
[4]
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(b)
Explain Christian attitudes to other religions.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 16
(c)
Explain how Christians might put Jesus' teaching on love into practice.
[4]
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(d)
'Religious belief is not needed to live a good life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 17
(e)
'It is impossible to love your enemies in today's world.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 19
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 2 CHRISTIANITY THROUGH THE GOSPELS
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 20
1.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
Crucifixion of Jesus
(a)
Describe Jesus' crucifixion.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 21
(b)
Explain why Christians believe in life after death.
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(c)
Explain how Christians remember Jesus' crucifixion.
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(d)
'Jesus' life is much more important than his death.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 22
(e)
'It's impossible to follow Jesus' example of self-sacrifice in today's world.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 23
2.
Study the text below and answer the questions which follow.
In Jesus' time leprosy was very common. The leper had to wear torn clothes and
leave the hair uncombed. The leper could not live with their families and were cut off
from those they loved.
(a)
Describe, with examples, Jesus' concern for people's quality of life.
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(b)
Explain why Christians refer to God as a forgiving father.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 24
(c)
Explain how Christian teachings might help a person who is suffering in
today's world.
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(d)
'People should look after themselves and not rely on others.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 25
(e)
'People show themselves to be Christians through deeds not words.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 26
3.
Study the text below and answer the questions which follow.
Prayer has always been an important part of the Christian religion. Jesus taught his
followers to trust God as their father and to speak to him as naturally as they would
to their own fathers.
(a)
Describe what Jesus taught about prayer.
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(b)
Explain why prayer is important to Christians.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 27
(c)
Explain how Christians use prayer in worship.
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(d)
'Prayer is just a way of avoiding responsibility.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 28
(e)
'Making time for prayer is essential in today's society.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 29
4.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
Christian Aid appeal poster
(a)
Describe what Jesus taught about the use of wealth.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 30
(b)
Explain why Jesus taught that good works should be done secretly.
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(c)
Explain how Christians can help the poor in the world today.
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(d)
'Equality is impossible.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 31
(e)
'Christian Charities can't work in secret.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 33
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 3 ROMAN CATHOLICISM 1
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 34
1.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
The birth of Jesus
(a)
Describe the main events of the birth of Jesus.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why Jesus' birth is important to Roman Catholics.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 35
(c)
Explain how Roman Catholics celebrate Lent. [4]
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(d)
'It is more important to celebrate Jesus' resurrection than to remember his crucifixion.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 36
(e)
'Christmas is no longer a religious festival in today's society.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 37
2.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Baptism is the sacrament of initiation in the
Catholic Church. It marks the occasion when a
person is welcomed into the Catholic Church.
(a)
Describe the Roman Catholic Rite of Baptism for infants.
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(b)
Explain why Baptism is important to Roman Catholics.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 38
(c)
Explain some of the challenges of being a Roman Catholic in today's society.
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(d)
'Roman Catholics should not work on Sundays.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 39
(e)
'Only adults should be baptised.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 40
3.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
The Domaine, Lourdes, France
(a)
Describe some of the key features of a pilgrimage to Lourdes.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why Roman Catholics go on pilgrimage to Lourdes.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 41
(c)
Explain what the Roman Catholic Church teaches about suffering and life
after death.
[4]
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(d)
'Going on pilgrimage is a waste of time.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 42
(e)
'Euthanasia as a way of ending suffering is always wrong.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 43
4.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Marriage is the joining together of a man and
woman as husband and wife. It is regarded as
sacred by the Roman Catholic Church.
(a)
Describe the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church on marriage.
[4]
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(b)
Explain how the Roman Catholic Church tries to support family life.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 44
(c)
Explain the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church about sexual love.
[4]
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(d)
'Marriage is for life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 45
(e)
'The Roman Catholic Church's teaching on sex before marriage is out of
date.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 47
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 4 ROMAN CATHOLICISM 2
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 48
1.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome and Head of the
Roman Catholic Church.
(a)
Describe the role of the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church.
[4]
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(b)
Explain the role of the Bible in Christian decision-making.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 49
(c)
Explain how a Roman Catholic Bishop serves the Church.
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(d)
'Catholics should read the Bible every day.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 50
(e)
'Catholics should always obey the Pope.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 51
2.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Poverty in developing countries
(a)
Describe the work of CAFOD.
[4]
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(b)
Describe the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church on justice and fairness.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 52
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 53
(c)
Explain the Roman Catholic teaching on 'vocation'.
[4]
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(d)
'The existence of poverty shows there is no God.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 54
(e)
'Being a monk or nun is the best way to serve God.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 55
3.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Duccio: The Annunciation
(a)
Describe how Roman Catholics show devotion to Mary, the Mother of Jesus.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why Mary is given honour in the Roman Catholic Church.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 56
(c)
Explain how Roman Catholics can show self-respect.
[4]
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(d)
'It is wrong to pray to statues.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 57
(e)
'Mary should not be prayed to.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 58
4.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Roman Catholics believe that all human beings are created
by God and that therefore all people should be treated with
respect.
(a)
Describe how Roman Catholics can show they are responsible citizens in the
world.
[4]
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(b)
Explain the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church about how criminals
should be treated.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 59
(c)
Explain why some Roman Catholics agree with Capital Punishment..
[4]
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(d)
'Punishment does very little to change a criminal.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 60
(e)
'Capital Punishment is always wrong.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 61
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 5 CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 62
1.
Study the information below and answer the questions which follow
All things were created for a reason and are perfectly
designed.
(a)
Describe 'the argument from design for the existence of God'.
[4]
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(b)
Explain the difference between 'Reason' and 'Revelation'.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 63
(c)
Explain how Christians might be helped to make important decisions in life.
[4]
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(d)
'Christians should read the Bible everyday.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 64
(e)
''God's existence is just a made up story.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 65
2.
Study the information below and then answer the questions which follow.
Then God said, "Let us make man in our
image, after our likeness."
(a)
Describe Christian teaching about what it means to be human.
[4]
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(b)
Explain how Christians can help other people through fair trade.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 66
(c)
Explain why Christianity teaches that humans should look after their bodies.
[4]
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(d)
'It's my life so I can do what I like with it.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 67
(e)
'It doesn't matter what job I do, as long as I am a good person.'
[8]
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 68
3.
Study the pictures below and answer the questions which follow.
The effects of suffering in our world today
(a)
Describe what is meant by 'Moral evil' and 'Natural evil'.
[4]
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(b)
Explain how Christianity responds to the problem of evil.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 69
(c)
Explain what Christianity teaches about injustice.
[4]
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(d)
'I can't help it if others suffer. There's nothing I can do.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 70
(e)
'Evil is created by humans. There is no such thing as the Devil.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 71
4.
Study the information below and then answer the questions which follow.
"Sometimes the situation is so bad that the only way to resolve the problem
is to resort to violence. The Old Testament describes times when God
commands his people to take up arms and fight in His name.
As a Christian I believe that God calls me to protect the weak and that
sometimes means fighting the enemy."
(a)
Describe what is meant by a 'Just War'.
[4]
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(b)
Explain what Christians teach about pacifism.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 72
(c)
Explain Christian teachings about taking part in a war.
[4]
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(d)
'Going to war is sometimes right.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 73
(e)
'The only way to change a bad situation is by using violence.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered alternative points of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 75
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 6 HINDUISM
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 76
1.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
Rama and Sita
(a)
Describe the main events of the Ramayana.
[4]
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(b)
Explain, with examples, the meaning of avatar.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 77
(c)
Explain how Hindus celebrate Divali.
[4]
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(d)
'Rama is more important to Hindus than Brahman.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 78
(e)
'Celebrating religious festivals is the most important way of showing that you
belong to a religion.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.'
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 79
2.
Study the text below and answer the questions which follow.
'The wedding ceremony usually lasts about an hour, but the celebrations often go
on for several days. Preparing the bride for the ceremony takes several hours. Both
the bride and groom wear garlands of flowers.
(a)
Describe the main features of a Hindu marriage ceremony.
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(b)
Explain why marriage is important in Hinduism.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 80
(c)
Explain how many Hindus view divorce.
[4]
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(d)
'There's no place for arranged or assisted marriages today.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 81
(e)
'It's difficult to maintain a Hindu lifestyle in Britain today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 82
3.
Study the text below and answer the questions which follow.
There are three gods which Hindus believe are the most important. They are
Brahma – the creator, Vishnu – the preserver, and Shiva - the destroyer. These
three gods are known as the Trimurti. Vishnu is worshipped under several different
names. Hindus believe that when there is a time of danger for the earth Vishnu
comes to protect it.
(a)
Describe the main features of Vishnu.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why bhakti is important to many Hindus.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 83
(c)
Explain how Hindus prepare for worship.
[4]
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(d)
'Pilgrimage is not really a form of worship.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 84
(e)
'Daily puja is the most important practice in Hinduism.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 85
4.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
The cycle of Samsara
(a)
Describe Hindu beliefs about life after death.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 86
(b)
Explain why varna is important to Hindus.
[4]
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(c)
Explain how belief in varnashramadharma can affect a Hindu's lifestyle.
[4]
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(d)
'Belief in karma leads to better behaviour.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 87
(e)
'Hinduism is more than a religion – it's a way of life.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 89
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 7 ISLAM
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 90
1.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
Muslims girls studying the Qur'an
(a)
Describe the structure of the Qur'an.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 91
(b)
Explain why the Qur'an is important to Muslims.
[4]
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(c)
Explain how a Muslim strives for purity in personal life.
[4]
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(d)
'The Qur'an is more important than the Hadith.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 92
(e)
'It is impossible to live by the teachings of the Qur'an in Britain today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 93
2.
Study the information below and answer the questions which follow.
'Happy Eid' is greeting used by all Muslims during the celebration of important
festivals. Muslim festivals remember important historical events and allow Muslims
to join together in celebration.
(a)
Describe the main events of the hajj.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why Id-ul-Adha is important to Muslims.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 94
(c)
Explain how Muslims prepare for Id-ul-Fitr.
[4]
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(d)
'Animals should never be killed as part of religious celebrations.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 95
(e)
'Festivals are more important than Rites of Passage.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 96
3.
Study the picture below and answer the questions which follow.
The entrance lobby of a mosque
(a)
Describe the internal features of a mosque.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 97
(b)
Explain why the madrasah is important.
[4]
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(c)
Explain how Muslims worship in a mosque.
[4]
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(d)
'Rules about dress in places of worship are out-of-date.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 98
(e)
'You should only have to pray when you want to.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 99
4.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Muslim marriages are often arranged by the parents. The marriage is the beginning
of a new family life. It is a special occasion and the joining together of a man, a
woman and their families.
(a)
Describe a Muslim wedding ceremony.
[4]
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(b)
Explain why family life is important in Islam.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 100
(c)
Explain how Islam views adultery.
[4]
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(d)
.'Muslims should only marry Muslims.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 101
(e)
'Sex before marriage is always wrong for Muslims.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 103
Candidate Name
Centre Number
Candidate Number
0
GCSE
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
UNIT 8 JUDAISM
SPECIMEN PAPER
1 hour 45 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this
page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written
communication used in your answers that involve extended writing (questions 1(e), 2(e),
3(e) and 4(e)).
In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed
in question 1(e).
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 104
1.
Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.
A Jewish Kitchen
(a)
Describe the features of a Jewish kitchen.
[4]
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(b)
Explain how Jews classify food.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 105
(c)
Explain the role of a mother in Jewish family life.
[4]
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(d)
'It is difficult for young Jews to observe Jewish dietary laws in Britain today.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 106
(e)
'Worship in the synagogue is more important than worship in the home.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8+5]
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are
allocated to this question.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 107
2.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
'Blessed are you, O Lord, who chose us to be your people. You
have given us times of joy and gladness, this feast of Passover,
the time of our freedom, a celebration in memory of our escape
from Egypt. Blessed are you, O Lord, who kept us safe and
brought us safe to this night.'
(Taken from the Seder meal).
(a)
Describe how God helped the Jews to escape from Egypt.
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(b)
Explain how Jews prepare for Pesach in the home.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 108
(c)
Explain the significance of the items on the Seder plate.
[4]
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(d)
'God's covenant relationship is the most important Jewish belief.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 109
(e)
'Celebrating festivals has no value today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 110
3.
Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.
A Jewish Marriage
(a)
Describe a Jewish marriage ceremony.
[4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 111
(b)
Explain the purpose of the ketubah.
[4]
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(c)
Explain Jewish attitudes to divorce.
[4]
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(d)
'The Orthodox attitude to homosexual relationships is out of date.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[4]
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 112
(e)
'Marriage is an essential part of Jewish life.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 113
4.
Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
Jews believe that God gives life. He is holy and just and expects people to
be the same. To be holy, a Jew must observe the commandments and
show care for others. God will reward or punish people in the afterlife
according to their actions in life.
(a)
Describe how Jews care for other people.
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(b)
Explain how Jewish beliefs show all life is important.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 114
(c)
Explain Jewish beliefs about the rewards for leading a good life.
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(d)
'Jews must always observe all the mitzvot (commandments).'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 115
(e)
'The most important role of a Rabbi is to maintain the Jewish way of life.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
[8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 116
General Marking Instructions for Examiners
The mark scheme defines what can be reasonably expected of a candidate in response to
questions asked.
Assessment Objectives
The questions test the candidate's ability to:
AO1
AO2
describe, explain and analyse, using knowledge and understanding of the
specification content
use evidence and reasoned argument to express and evaluate personal
responses, informed insights and differing viewpoints
It is not always appropriate or desirable to produce a clear cut, rigid, universally applicable
mark scheme. Those questions which are designed to assess larger areas of knowledge or
the skills of understanding and evaluation require a marking scheme which is more
sophisticated and flexible. This marking scheme that follows will allow examiners to take
into account the different levels of response that candidates may offer to a question.
Those different levels are as follows overleaf:
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 117
Level of Response Grid
AO1
Level
Level Descriptor
Mark
Total
Either: Offers no relevant information or explanation.
0
1
0
Or: Makes no link between beliefs and practices.
Either: An elementary statement of information or explanation which
is limited in scope or content.
1
Or: A simple link between beliefs and practices
Either: An accurate account of information or an appropriate
explanation of a central teaching, theme or concept.
2
3
2
Or: An explicit link between beliefs ad practices.
Limited use of religious language.
Either: An account of explanation indicating knowledge and
understanding of key religious ideas, practices, explanations or
concepts. Uses and interprets a range of religious language and
terms.
3
Or: Analysis showing some awareness and insight into religious
facts, ideas, practices and explanations. Uses and interprets a
range of religious language and terms.
A coherent account, explanation or analysis showing awareness and
insight into religious facts, ideas, practices and explanations.
4
4
Uses religious language and terms extensively and interprets them
accurately.
AO2
4 Mark Questions
Level
0
1
2
3
4
Level Descriptor
Makes no relevant point of view.
A simple, appropriate justification of a point of view.
Either: An expanded justification of one point of view, with
appropriate example and /or illustration which includes religious
teaching.
Or: A second, simple, appropriate justification of a viewpoint of view
possibly linked to evidence or example.
An expanded justification of one point, with appropriate examples
and/or illustration, which includes religious teaching and a second
appropriate justification of a point of view.
An expanded justification of two viewpoints, incorporating the
religious and moral aspects at issue and their implications for the
individual and the rest of society.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Mark
Total
0
1
2
3
4
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 118
8 Mark Questions
Level
Level Descriptor
0
Mark
Total
Makes no relevant point of view, e.g. yes.
Communicates clearly and appropriately
Either: A simple, appropriate justification of a point of view, possibly
linked to evidence or example and making a simple connection
between religion and people's lives.
1
0
1-2
Or: Two simple appropriate justifications of a point of view.
Communicates clearly and appropriately using limited specialist
language
Either: An expanded justification of one point of view, with
appropriate example which includes religious teaching and /or
illustration AND either a second simple appropriate justification
2
3-4
Or: Two appropriate justification of a point of view linked to evidence
or example, which includes religious teaching.
3
Communicates clearly and appropriately using and interpreting
specialist language an expanded justification of one point of view,
with appropriate examples which includes religious teaching and/or
illustration, There is also adequate recognition of an alternative or
different point of view, using relevant evidence and religious teaching
/or moral reasoning to formulate judgements.
5-6
4
Communicates clearly and appropriately using specialist language
extensively a thorough discussion, including alternative or different
views of the religious and moral aspects at issue and their
implications for the individual and the rest of society.
7-8
Assessment of spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar
The grid below is for use when marking question 1(e) only.
Level
0
Threshold
performance
1 mark
Intermediate
performance
2 – 3 marks
High
performance
4 – 5 marks
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Performance descriptions
Candidates do not reach the threshold performance outlined in the
performance description below.
Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with
reasonable accuracy in the context of the demands of the question. Any
errors do not hinder meaning in the response. Where required, they use
a limited range of specialist terms appropriately.
Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with
considerable accuracy and general control of meaning in the context of
the demands of the question. Where required, they use a good range of
specialist terms with facility.
Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with
consistent accuracy and effective control of meaning in the context of
the demands of the question. Where required, they use a wide range of
specialist terms adeptly and with precision.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 119
Rules for Marking
1.
Differentiation will be achieved on the basis of candidates' responses.
2.
The purpose of the levels of response grids is to help achieve consistency among
examiners, and avoid 'penny-point' marking.
3.
The whole answer, or part answer, must be read and then, taking everything into
account, allocated to the level 'of best 'fit using the level descriptors above. Where
there are two marks assigned to a level, the higher mark will be given where all or
most of the descriptor is satisfactorily met. The lower mark will be given where the
answer barely matches the descriptor.
4.
Correct and relevant material should be indicated by a "L1", "L2", etc. (showing
achievement of the criteria in the level description). A brief comment may be written
alongside to justify or clarify the level allocated; but no other comments should be
added.
5.
Marks for each part question should be clearly written in the column provided, and
the total for the whole question clearly written in the box provided at the end of the
question. The statement of the Level of Response should be written alongside (to
the left) the total marks box – not in the marks column.
6.
Where an examiner feels that a response is particularly weak, and has not achieved
even the lowest level of response, "0" should be written in the mark column, and "LO"
written alongside plus an explanation as to reason.
7.
In an answer requiring two religious traditions, where one part is comprehensive (and
would be worthy of a Level 4 on its own) but the other is weak (and worth a Level 1
or 2 on its own) award a Level 3 for the whole, and 3 or 4 marks accordingly.
8.
No mark scheme can ever anticipate or include every possible detail or interpretation;
examiners should use their professional judgement to decide whether a candidate's
particular response answers the question in relation to the particular assessment
objective
9.
Candidates will express their ideas in language different from that given in any mark
scheme or outline. Positive marking therefore, on the part of examiners, will
recognise and credit correct statements of ideas, valid points and reasoned
arguments irrespective of the language level employed. Credit should also be given
for answers that are acceptable even if they are not referred to in the mark scheme.
Please remember to total marks for each question.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 120
MARK SCHEME
CHRISTIANITY
1.
(a)
Describe a Christian marriage service.
Look for a rounded account of a Christian marriage service. Details might
vary as a result of the denomination from which the service comes. Details
that could be described include:
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(b)
Preface/outline of purposes
Declaration that no reason marriage cannot take place
Vows/promises
Exchange of rings
Prayers/hymns/bible readings
Proclamation that the couple are married
Signing of the register
AO1 [4]
Explain why many Christians are against divorce.
Reasons that might be explained include:
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(c)
God has joined the couple, no person can separate them.
Divorce is not possible in God's eyes. Marriage is a sacrament.
The vows taken include 'until death does us part'. People should not make
the vows made in the presence of God.
Jesus' words that those who divorce and remarry commit adultery.
Implying that the original marriage still exists and so divorce cannot
happen.
AO1 [4]
Explain how a church or chapel community might help Christians facing
difficulties in their marriage.
Points that could be explained include:
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pray for them,
pray with them,
talk with them to discover the cause of the difficulties,
point them in the direction of specialists who can provide more targeted
help and advice (e.g. Relate),
give some practical help to relieve those things that may be causing the
difficulties (e.g. child mind to give the couple with time for themselves,
provide financial support).
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 121
(d)
'Sex before marriage is also wrong.'
Give two reasons why you agree or disagree with this statement. You
must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 The Bible says that fornication is wrong. Since the Bible is the Word of
God then it must be wrong.
 Sex is a sign of commitment which is expressed through marriage. The
two commitments belong together.
 Sex is for procreation. Children should only be born in the stable
environment of marriage.
 Commitment can exist between a couple who are not married. 'A piece of
paper' does not make any difference to the relationship and the
commitment – it is the couple themselves.
 Non-married couples can have stable and loving relationships which
provide a suitable environment for the rearing of children.
 A distinction may be drawn between sex within a stable, loving, yet
unmarried relationship and promiscuity.
 People should be allowed to make decisions about what is right for them
and not be governed by 'out-dated' religious teaching.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'A Christian man should only marry a Christian woman.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Some candidates may treat the question in general terms in respect of
marriage to non-Christians. Candidates who do this can reach L4. However,
some may also consider the place of "same sex marriage" in Christianity.
Candidates who follow this line can also reach L4. Other candidates might
cover both areas. They also must be credited appropriately.
Points that could be discussed include:
 The need to have shared values and beliefs; to be able to put the same
emphasis upon religion and God to avoid problems and jealousies within
the relationship.
 The need to consider the guidance and spiritual upbringing of any
children.
 Biblical evidence that might be interpreted to mean that Christians should
only marry other Christians (e.g. "Do not be mismated with unbelievers.
For what partnership have righteousness and iniquity? Or what fellowship
has light with darkness"(RSV) – 2 Corinthians 6:14-16).
 The Biblical teaching about God creating men and women and the
understanding of the purposes of marriage in respect of procreation.
 Consideration of Christian teaching about same sex relationships.
 Biblical passages, such as 1 Corinthians 7: 12-16, where Paul seems to
encourage Christians to stay with non-Christian partners. There is a
possibility of the latter being "saved".
 Problems that might arise can be overcome if the couple have discussed
them and agreed solution before marriage.
 "True love" can overcome all problems and that religion isn't that
important in most people's lives. This may lead to a discussion of the
degree of commitment to be found among Christians.
 The changing attitudes in some parts of the church in respect of same sex
relationships and that this may have to lead to the acceptance of same
sex marriages.
AO2 [8+5]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 122
2.
(a)
Describe what religious actions Christians might do when they visit
Bethlehem.
Actions that could be described include:
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(b)
Visiting the Church of the Nativity
Worshipping at the star said to mark the place of Jesus' birth.
Reflecting, thinking about the significance of the birth of Jesus.
Praying
Lighting candles
Joining in an act of worship
Visiting the Shepherds' Field.
AO1 [4]
Explain why the birth of Jesus is important to Christians.
Beliefs that could be explained include:
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(c)
Jesus is the incarnation of God
Jesus is the long awaited Messiah who would fulfil God's promises on
earth.
Jesus inaugurated the kingdom of God
In Jesus' birth, the love of God for the world is shown by the gift of his
son.
Jesus is the founder of Christianity. The one whose life and teaching
brings meaning and salvation and the one whom Christians are to follow.
AO1 [4]
Explain how taking part in pilgrimage might strengthen a Christian's
faith.
Points that could be developed include:
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A pilgrim might experience healing, either physically, spiritually and
emotionally through prayers offered.
A pilgrim might be refreshed and revitalised in faith and in ability to face
the challenges of life through spending time in quiet reflection.
A pilgrim might be able to 'prioritise' through being away from the hustle
and bustle of everyday life. Enable the person to spend by time with God.
A pilgrim might find faith strengthened through sharing fellowship with
other Christians.
A pilgrim might have faith strengthened by learning more about the origins
of the faith.
A pilgrim might be inspired by the example offered by the one who is
remembered at the place of pilgrimage visited.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 123
(d)
'It is more important to celebrate Jesus' resurrection than remember his
birth.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You
must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:

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(e)
Neither is more important than the other. The two go together – without
the birth, his resurrection becomes less meaningful. Without his birth, the
resurrection could not have happened.
Neither is important because the events are in the past and have no
relevance to most people today.
The resurrection means that his mission continues.
The resurrection is more important because it gives Christians hope that
death is not the end, that good will triumph over evil and that there is a life
after death.
The birth is more important because it shows the love of God for his
people in that he was willing to send his only Son to the earth.
The resurrection is more important because it showed the sacrifice had
been paid to redeem the penalty for sin.
AO2 [4]
'Going on pilgrimage is a waste of time.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
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The commercialism associated with places of pilgrimage make them
irreligious.
The most important pilgrimage for Christians is the life journey to God,
making a pilgrimage journey irrelevant.
Christians should be more committed to social action than going on
pilgrimage.
Going on pilgrimage can help people grow in holiness.
Pilgrims claim they have been helped in some way with a particular
problem, which has then brought them peace and healing.
The pilgrimage site itself is usually free from commercialism, and efforts
are usually made to establish and maintain a spirit of reverence.
Credit relevant responses
AO2 [8]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 124
3.
(a)
Describe what Christians believe about God.
Points that could be mentioned include:
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(b)
Trinity expresses what Christians believe about God
The Trinity. God as Three in One
The ways in which god has revealed himself
Accept illustrations of the idea of Three in One (e.g. triangle, Shamrock)
God the Father, creator of the world and sustainer of life
God as omnipotent, omniscient and all-loving
God the Son. Jesus as God incarnate
God the Holy Spirit
AO1 [4]
Explain Christian attitudes to abortion.
Beliefs that could be explained include:

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(c)
No one Christian attitude.
Some oppose abortion but recognise that sometimes it can be necessary,
e.g. if the pregnancy threatens the life of the mother.
Abortion might be necessary but the abortion law ought to be stricter.
Should not have abortion on demand.
Since human life is sacred, the question of abortion needs to be treated
with a great deal of seriousness but need to take other factors into
account not just the rights of the foetus.
As life is created by God, it must be respected from the moment of
conception and therefore there never be an abortion
AO1 [4]
Explain how Christians might help a person suffering from a terminal
illness.
Actions that might be explained include:

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(d)
Visiting them in accordance with Jesus' command to visit the sick
Praying with the person to bring strength to face the experience
Reassure the person by reinforcing beliefs about life after death
Hospice movement – providing support, meaning and purpose
Allowing euthanasia as the most loving thing to do to end the suffering
being faced.
AO1 [4]
'There is nothing special about human life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You
must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:

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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Human life, like all other life on earth, is the result of evolution.
Humans and other animals share characteristics and feel pain so are
basically the same.
Human life is in the image of God while other animal life is not. Human life
must be special.
Humans have characteristics, e.g. souls, consciousness and a sense of
morality which other animals do not have.
AO2 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 125
(e)
'Only God can decide whether a person should live or die.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:

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4.
(a)
Christianity teaches that each person is made in the image of God and
created by him. Therefore, human life belongs to God.
No human being has the right to end life. No one should have this power
over other human beings as all are equal.
Christians are concerned to protect people who are in vulnerable positions
and who are under pressure. Those whose lives are at risk are often
those in very vulnerable positions.
If people are allowed to make life and death decisions in one situation, it
may soon spiral out of control.
Life does not belong to God to the individual themselves. It is the
individual who ought to make decisions about his/her own life and death.
It is only the individual who can decide whether his/her life is worth living.
Individuals should take responsibility for their own lives and be allowed to
decide the course of their own lives.
No person is completely free. There are always powers and authorities
that are given power over people. This might include the power of life after
death.
AO2 [8]
Describe the challenges that facing Christians in practising their faith in
Britain today.
Challenges that could be described include:

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
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
(b)
Active Christians are in a minority and are often ridiculed by nonbelievers.
Sunday is no longer a special day, leaving open clashes between work
and worship.
Society seems to be moving away from the traditional values of
Christianity.
The way in which the media often portrays Christianity and Christians
Secularization. Religion is seen as irrelevant by many people.
Challenges from science/scientists to fundamental Christian beliefs.
AO1 [4]
Explain Christian attitudes to other religions.
Three basic attitudes could be explained. These are:


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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Christianity is the only true religion and the only way for human beings to
find God and be saved. It must try to convert others. (John 14:6)
Others religions might have some glimpses of the truth but Christianity is
the whole truth. Other religions must be respected and their followers
might get to heaven. Conversion is still desirable.
All religions are pathways to the same God. All religions are equal and are
just different ways of finding God.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 126
(c)
Explain how Christians might put Jesus' teaching on love into practice.
Candidates will have to know and understand what Jesus taught about love
but this should be demonstrated through the examples that are given as to
how Christians might put this love into practice. Candidates who just list
actions without any indication of how the actions might relate to what Jesus
taught about love or those candidates who explain the teaching but give no
examples of application cannot achieve above L2.
Clearly candidates can draw on many areas of the specification in answering
this question. Accept all answers that clearly relate actions and teaching.


(d)
Love is caring for others. Love is unconditional, given freely and
unreservedly. It is not based on liking, it is concern for the other person,
wanting the best for them, irrespective of who they might be and what
they might have done. It is the love that God has for human beings and
which Jesus showed in his life in the way that he cared for all.
This might be shown through:
 Supporting the work of a charity
 Forgiving those who have done wrong
 Campaigning for justice
 Visiting the sick or elderly
 Befriending the lonely
 Praying for people
AO1 [4]
'Religious belief is not needed to live a good life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You
must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:

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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Many people in the world today seem to live happy, contented and
meaningful life without any reference to religious belief.
Science and technology provide answers to questions that humans may
ask and also provide for material needs that people might have
Many (examples may be given) good, moral actions carried out by people
who do not profess any religious belief.
Without religious belief there is a shallowness and purposelessness to
human life because belief puts human existence into an eternal context.
Many social reforms and charitable acts have been inspired by religious
belief and the motivation of love of neighbour.
God is the source of morality, therefore a good person is who both loves
God and loves neighbour.
Religious belief provides a moral framework that binds communities
together.
AO2 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 127
(e)
'It is impossible to love your enemies in today's world.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:







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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Many people today take advantage of people's kindness.
Hatred can be very deep-seated and the result of a terrible experience.
It seems to be part of human instinct to hate those who harm others.
It is not always easy to love since some people might through attitude and
actions make themselves seem 'unlovable'.
People need to think more about themselves and the people who have
been good to them instead of being concerned about the feelings of those
who are 'enemies'. Since can't think about everybody, should put family
and friends first.
While loving enemies might be difficult and seem to go against human
instinct, it is not impossible since some people have managed it.
Jesus showed that it was possible to love one's enemies; he forgave
those who put him on the cross.
Loving enemies is more likely to bring about reconciliation and peace, and
greater benefit in the end, than continuing to hate and think destructively.
Christians believe that God will give people the power and strength
needed to show love to their enemies. God commands Christians to love
their enemies and he would not ask his people to do anything that was
impossible. So it might be difficult but Christians need to try to fulfil God's
will.
AO2 [8]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 128
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 1: CHRISTIANITY
AO1/A02
Q
(I)
1. a
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
4
AO2
4
4
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
2. a
b
4
4
4
4
4
4
e
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
8
4. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
e
4
4
8
8
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
5
4
4
c
d
SPaG
4
b
c
AO1
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 129
CHRISTIANITY THROUGH THE GOSPELS
1.
(a)
Describe Jesus' crucifixion.
Answers should refer to the Gospel account: Mark 11: 1–10, 15–19, 14: 1–
15:47
 the main events after being condemned by Pilate;
 carrying the cross;
 his execution and words on the cross.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why Christians believe in life after death
Expect candidates to refer to:
 Jesus' resurrection:
 his overcoming of death and his appearances to the disciples;
 the 'change' that had happened to him in the fact that he could appear
and disappear at will;
 reference could also be made to the parable of the rich man and Lazarus
which raises the idea of heaven and hell
 also to questions which Jesus was asked about the resurrection.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain how Christians remember Jesus' crucifixion
Accept any relevant ways which might include –
 communion and the symbolism of the bread and wine;
 Stations of the Cross and empathy;
 passion plays;
 eating of special foods;
 special services.
(d)
AO1 [4]
'Jesus' life is much more important than his death.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Arguments could include:






© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
it is his life that inspires people;
it is through following the example of his life that people have changed the
world for good;
many people admire Jesus' life but cannot accept that his death has
anything to do with them;
many people believe that his death gives them salvation and a personal
relationship with God;
it is because Jesus died that many people are willing to serve him.
Many people believe that he is the Second Adam – the perfect role –
model for humanity.
AO2 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 130
(e)
'It's impossible to follow Jesus' example of self sacrifice in today's
world.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Arguments could include:
 Jesus lived 2000 years ago – the world has changed a lot since then.
 People today are more independent in thought and action.
 Jesus' values are out of date in a technological world.
 Some of his values are naïve – people cannot be expected to give up
everything to follow him
 Christians believe the Holy Spirit will lead and guide them.
 It's difficult but not impossible – people have and do succeed. Christians
believe that nothing is impossible with God.
 The world has changed but not people – Jesus' example and teaching still
relevant today.
 It is by following Jesus that values are safeguarded.
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe, with examples, Jesus' concern for people's quality of life.
Expect candidates to refer to:
 Jesus' example of support and care for people;
 his special relationship with people who were regarded as outcasts;
Luke10:29-37
 examples could include the paralytic; the leper; the demoniac.
 Christians believe the Holy Spirit will lead and guide them. Mark 11:1–10;
15–19; 14:1–15; 47
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why Christians refer to God as a forgiving father.
Expect answers to refer mainly to:
 the parable of the lost son and its teaching;
 God is the father and lost son the sinner;
 reference could also be made to Lord's prayer;
 also to Jesus' words on the cross.
(c)
Explain how Christian teaching might help a person who is suffering in
today's world.
Answers could refer to:
 friendship; John11:1–11; 28–44
 support in times of difficulty; Luke 8:22–25
 comfort and support; Luke 7:11–17
 spiritual fulfilment; Matthew 16:21–26
 identity and belonging. Luke 14: 25–33
(d)
AO1 [4]
'People should look after themselves and not rely on others.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Arguments could include:
 People become dependant on others;
 Unwilling to make an effort to help themselves;
 helping people to help themselves is the best kind if help;
 Christians believe that helping others shows Christian love;
 Christians believe that we are all one family in Christ;
 Jesus helped others and therefore it is a Christian duty to do so
 some people cannot help themselves.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO1[4]
AO2 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 131
(e)
'People show themselves to be Christians through deeds not words.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Credit arguments such as:
 Christianity has always succeeded through being seen.
 It was Jesus' actions that brought people to him.
 Words without deeds are meaningless.
 Jesus taught that we would be known by our fruits.
 Jesus taught that we should be like the Good Samaritan.
 People have always strongly expressed their beliefs in words;
 Words of worship is a very strong way of expressing identity;
 Sometimes people act not out of belief but selfish motives.
 Often words inspire the deeds which follow.
3.
(a)
AO2 [8]
Describe what Jesus taught about prayer.
Expect candidates to refer to Matthew 6:5–15, Luke 18:1–14:




(b)
Jesus' teaching about praying in private;
length of prayer;
humility in prayer;
persistence in prayer.
Explain why prayer is important to Christians.
Credit candidates to refer to:
 a personal relationship with God;
 way of relieving problems;
 receiving God's help and guidance.
(c)
AO1 [4]
AO1 [4]
Explain how Christians use prayer in worship.
Answers could refer to: –
They pray for
 forgiveness
 themselves and families,
 those who are ill,
 the world and its leaders, sins, momentous happenings, and disasters;
 the pastor, the sermon, and an open mind in listening to it;
 a spirit of fellowship and friendship;
 their learning, discerning, and witness;
 church events, activities, and ministries;
 vision and renewed energy;
 giving thanks to God;
 becoming quiet enough to pay attention to God's presence.
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 132
(d)
'Prayer is just a way of avoiding responsibility.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept any relevant reasons which might include:
 people ask God to do things that they should be doing themselves;
 the answers to problems are often in people's own hands;
 Christians believe prayer is a way of sharing problems with God;
 Christians believe that God through prayer gives guidance on how to
solve or deal with problems;
 God is responsible for all things.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Making time for prayer is essential in today's society.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Arguments could include:
 Prayer helps a Christian to build relationship with God and receive
guidance from Him.
 Having a prayerful relationship will help a Christian to meet the demands
that life makes.
 It is difficult to be a Christian today - society's materialistic/ethical
demands put a strain on Christian values.
 Peer pressure from friends who have no religious values.
 Decline in Church attendance of young people, therefore there is less
incentive to attend church and more pressure to become involved in sport
on a Sunday, for example.
 Taking time to pray will help a Christian to make the right choices through
guidance from God's Holy Spirit.
 Physiologically prayer can help a person to relax and become
strengthened to meet everyday challenges.
 It also helps to get things into the correct perspective.
 In considering 'today's society' one would need to address the fact that for
many people prayer is not something they would consider.
 Many people are atheists, therefore for them prayer would be a waste of
time.
 For many making time to help others would be considered far more
important.
 Today's society demands an active response [praxis] rather than a
passive one.
AO2 [8]
4.
(a)
Describe what Jesus taught about the use of wealth.
Expect candidates to refer to: Mark 10:17–27, Luke 16:19–31
 it is not wealth itself that is in question but how it is used;
 God not wealth should be the most important thing in a person's life;
 people should not seek treasure on earth but heavenly treasure;
 wealth should be used to help the needy.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why Jesus taught that good works should be done secretly.
Answers could refer to:
 motive as important as the act itself;
 warning about hypocrisy;
 service/duty expects no reward;
 God will reward in heaven.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 133
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 134
(c)
Explain how Christians can help the poor in the world today.
Credit explanation of any relevant ways which could include:
 giving to/working on behalf of charities;
 practical involvement;
 political involvement – organising protests, petitions, lobbying.
(d)
AO1 [4]
'Equality is impossible.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Credit relevant reasons which might include:
 we are not born equal;
 people are different – some are leaders;
 some people are prepared to work and succeed in life others are not;
 equality has nothing to do with wealth or status – it is a state of mind;
 it is possible with the right will.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Christian Charities can't work in secret.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Arguments could include:
 Charities need to appeal publicly for support.
 If no-one knows what they are doing, no one will contribute.
 It is through showing their work that they succeed.
 Success breeds success and attracts more volunteers etc
 Christians believe it gives an example to others.
 Christians believe it shows Christian principles in action.
 Many people support charities without having to know how every penny is
spent.
 Publicity encourages people to support charities for the wrong reasons.
 Goes against Jesus' teaching – God will reward in heaven.
AO2 [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 135
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 2: CHRISTIANITY THROUGH THE
GOSPELS
AO1/A02
Q
1. a
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
4
AO1
AO2
4
c
4
4
4
4
4
e
8
2. a
8
4
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
e
4
8
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
d
4
4
4
8
8
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
5
4
b
e
SPaG
4
b
d
TOTAL
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 136
ROMAN CATHOLICISM 1
1.
(a)
Describe the main events of the birth of Jesus.
Reference may be made to:
 the conception of Jesus through the Holy Spirit,
 the journey to Bethlehem
 the angelic chorus
 the visit of the shepherds
 the events surrounding Herod
 the star and the visit of the magi.
Accept relevant responses.
(b)
Explain why Jesus' birth is important to Roman Catholics
Reference may be made to:
 Uniqueness of birth – born to a virgin
 God incarnate
 God's gift to humankind
 Fulfilment of Old Testament prophesies.
 Possibility of salvation
Credit relevant responses.
(c)
AO1 [4]
AO1 [4]
Explain.how Roman Catholics celebrate Lent
Reference may be made to:.
 Ash Wednesday and services associated with it.
 Self denial.
 Extra help for less fortunate
 Preparing for Holy Week and Easter
 Remembering the temptations of Jesus
Credit relevant responses.
(d)
AO1 [4]
''It is more important to celebrate Jesus' resurrection than to remember
his crucifixion.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 Neither is more important than the other. The two go together – without
the crucifixion, his resurrection becomes less meaningful. Without his
crucifixion, the resurrection could not have happened.
 Neither is important because the events are in the past and have no
relevance to most people today.
 The resurrection is more important as without it, the crucifixion would have
been the end of Jesus and his mission. The resurrection means that his
mission continues.
 The resurrection is more important because it gives Christians hope that
death is not the end, that good will triumph over evil and that there is a life
after death.
 The crucifixion is more important because it shows the love of God for his
people in that he was willing to give up his only Son to the earth.
 The resurrection is more important because it showed the sacrifice had
been paid the penalty for sin.
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 137
(e)
'Christmas is no longer a religious festival in today's society'.
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Society is generally more secular, making the birth of Jesus less central to
the Christmas festival.
 The focus in the media and on the high street is on commercial and/or
consumerism interests rather than the core religious belief of the
incarnation.
 Many images associated with Christmas have no relationship to the birth
of Jesus.
 There are very few religious symbols, e.g., the stable scene in the media
or on the high street.
 Those who believe in Jesus try to ensure his birth is the focus of their own
Christmas celebrations.
 Local and national Churches try to ensure the message about the birth of
Jesus is broadcast.
 Some television and radio stations broadcast items of a religious
character.
 Understood properly, Christmas decorations and lights can assist people
to recognise the joy celebrating the birth of Jesus means to those who
believe.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe the Roman Catholic Rite of Baptism for infants.
Reference may be made to:
 the two anointings,
 the anointing with the oil of catechumens,
 the pouring of water and the words, 'I baptise you in the name of the
Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit',
 the anointing with the oil of chrism,
 the clothing with the white garment, and
 the giving of the lighted candle.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why Baptism is important to Roman Catholics.
Reference may be made to baptism as a sign of:
 Jesus' own Baptism as a prototype for Christian Baptism,
 Jesus' commission to the Apostles to Baptise all nations, (Matthew 28:19)
 Baptism as a sign of God's unconditional love of his creation,
 Baptism as a means of welcoming all people into the family of the Church
as a sacrament of initiation,
 Baptism as a sign of the forgiveness of sins.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 138
(c)
Explain some of the challenges of being a Roman Catholic in today's
society.
Reference may be made to:
 the problem of peer pressure, which can stop people from following
Jesus,
 the influence of secularism and atheism, which makes theism appear
irrelevant,
 issues raised by scientific advances, which claims to be the only reliable
form of truth,
 the findings of modern psychology, which argues that religious belief is a
construct of the human mind,
 the impact of relativism and multi-culturalism on traditional religious belief
and practice.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(d)
'Roman Catholics should not work on Sundays.' You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 Changes in licensing and retail laws require many people to work on a
Sunday undermining the religious understanding of Sabbath rest.
 Society is multi-cultural and multi-faith, giving less prominence to Sunday
as a religious day.
 A relatively low number of people claim to be religious, causing Sunday to
be regarded as simply another day of the week.
 Religious believers are still able to organise their lives to make a Sunday
a day of rest if they wish to.
 The licensing and retail laws are still different to other days of the week.
 The celebration of Sunday in Christian Churches is still being maintained.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Only adults should be baptised.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Baptism should be a believer's choice to follow Jesus.
 Infants are unable to repent of sin or to choose to be baptised.
 Infant baptism is a form of coercion.
 An infant may be dedicated in a Church but baptism must be their own
choice.
 Baptism is a sign of God's unconditional love for his children.
 Jesus welcomed children and early Church Christians baptised children.
 It is a sign of welcome into the family of the Church.
 Confirmation, which completes Baptism, is celebrated at adulthood.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 139
3.
(a)
Describe some of the key features of a pilgrimage to Lourdes.
Reference may be made to:
 Visiting places associated with St Bernadette.
 The Blessed Sacrament procession
 The torchlight procession
 The Mass and other services
 Bathing in the waters.
Credit relevant responses.
(b)
Explain why Roman Catholics go on pilgrimage to Lourdes.
Reference may be made to:
 St Bernadette's claim that Mary had told people to.
 The desire for healing
 To give thanks for a favour received
 To grow in holiness.
Credit relevant responses.
(c)
AO1 [4]
Explain what the Roman Catholic Church teaches about suffering and
life after death.
Reference may be made to:
 the nature of the human soul,
 free will
 the concept of judgment,
 the nature of heaven,
 the understanding of hell
 the purpose of purgatory.
Credit relevant responses.
(d)
AO1 [4]
AO1 [4]
'Going on pilgrimage is a waste of time.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The commercialism associated with places of pilgrimage make them
irreligious.
 The most important pilgrimage for Christians is the life journey to God,
making a pilgrimage journey irrelevant.
 Christians should be more committed to social action than going on
pilgrimage.
 Going on pilgrimage can help people grow in holiness.
 Pilgrims claim they have been helped in some way with a particular
problem, which has then brought them peace and healing.
 The pilgrimage site itself is usually free from commercialism, and efforts
are usually made to establish and maintain a spirit of reverence.
Credit relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 140
(e)
'Euthanasia as a way of ending suffering is always wrong.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Life is sacred and should be protected at all costs.
 Only God has the right to end a life.
 The availability of Euthanasia may put pressure on the elderly if they feel
a burden.
 Euthanasia could encourage a greater irreverence for life at various
stages.
 People should be allowed to die with dignity, which Euthanasia allows.
 People should be free to decide when to end their own lives.
 It is wrong to artificially prolong life when it would have ended naturally.
 Increased costs of medical care for the very elderly are prohibitive.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
4.
(a)
Describe the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church on marriage.
Reference may be made to:
 the teaching of Jesus on marriage, e.g., in Mark 10:1-12.
 the idea of marriage as a sacrament, which makes it a means of grace
 the unitative and procreative elements of marriage,
 the vows the couple make to each other, to be faithful till death.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain how the Roman Catholic Church tries to support family life.
Reference may be made to:
 the teaching of the Church on the family as the 'domestic Church',
 parish and diocesan societies that support family life,
 the adoption and counselling services operated by the Church, and
 parish and diocesan celebrations and services for families.
Accept relevant responses.
A01 [4]
(c)
Explain the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church about sexual love.
Reference may be made to:
 the unitative purpose of sexual activity to bind a couple in love
 the procreative function of sexual love to have children
 the consequent teaching on sex outside of marriage, including pre-marital
sex, which can create difficulties in terms of unwanted pregnancy and
emotional upset.
 Reference may also be made (though not necessarily to gain a level 4) to
particular issues raised by homosexuality and adultery.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 141
(d)
'Marriage is for life.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The teaching of Jesus, as recorded in Mark's Gospel (10:1f), rules out
divorce.
 The vows exchanged in marriage are for life.
 Natural law implies the need for stability in marriage for an ordered
society.
 Both Matthew and Luke allowed for divorce in their versions of Mark's
account for unholiness ('porneia').
 When love has come to an end the marriage is effectively over.
 All humans make mistakes and if the marriage was a mistake, people
should be allowed to move on and make a fresh start.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'The Catholic Church's teaching on sex before marriage is out of date.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:

Sexual intimacy is most fulfilling when it occurs within a committed and
religiously vowed relationship of love.
 Sexual activity is procreative with God and should be protected.
 Many people delay marriage for a number of reasons but may be ready to
share sexual intimacy.
 Sexual activity should be regarded as a recreational activity and not
loaded with moral 'baggage'.
 Sexual intimacy does not require religious vows to legitimise it.
 People should be free to have a number of relationships before settling
with one partner.
 Sexual intimacy is most fulfilling when it occurs within a committed and
vowed relationship of love.
 Sexual activity is procreative and should be protected.
 Casual sexual activity can engender a sense of being used for an end.
 The problem of sexually transmitted diseases can be exacerbated by
casual sexual activity.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 142
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 3: ROMAN CATHOLICISM 1
AO1/A02
Q
1. a
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
4
AO1
4
4
c
4
4
4
4
e
8
2. a
4
4
b
4
4
8
c
4
d
4
e
4
4
8
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
d
e
4
5
4
4
4
8
8
4. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
SPaG
4
b
d
AO2
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 143
ROMAN CATHOLICISM 2
1.
(a)
Describe the role of the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church.
Reference may be made to:
 his role as successor of St Peter, leader of the Apostles
 the papacy as a source and sign of unity,
 the teaching authority of the office, and
 the importance of leadership in human institutions.
Accept relevant responses.
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain how the Bible might be used in Christian decision-making.
Reference may be made to:
 the concept of the Bible as revelation
 the Bible as a source of authority for Christians
 using the Bible to try to discover the will of God, e.g., the commandments
of Jesus
 using the Bible to be inspired by the example of Biblical figures, such as
Paul, Mary Magdalene, etc
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
I
Explain how a Roman Catholic Bishop serves the Church.
Reference may be made to:
 apostolic succession, which is the claim that the Bishop continues the
teaching and traditions of the Apostles in a direct line of succession.
 pastoral oversight in terms of people's religious and spiritual needs.
 pastoral letters, which are published at key moments in the Church's year
of in the life of society to give guidance to Catholics.
 the training, ordination and appointment of clerics in parishes and other
ecclesial functions,
 the coordination of formation in faith, including oversight of Catholic
schools.
 the celebration of confirmation.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(d)
'Catholics should read the Bible every day.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The Bible is the Word of God and believers should be familiar with it.
 The Bible is a source book for prayer and worship, which should happen
regularly.
 The Bible is a guide for life for followers of Jesus.
 Reading the Bible daily may become burdensome and, therefore,
counterproductive.
 There are other ways of praying, such as contemplation, that are equally
important.
 The focus for a Christian's life should be on social action, justice and
fairness: these should be the priority.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 144
(e)
'Catholics should always obey the Pope.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 The Pope is the successor of St Peter, who was made leader of the
Apostles.
 Jesus promised the Holy Spirit to the Church to guide and help it.
 Jesus promised to be with the Church for all time.
 The Papal Office reinforces the unity of the Church.
 The Church is a human institution and may make mistakes.
 The Bible is an equally important source of authority for Catholics.
 The Holy Spirit may provide personal inspiration to individual Catholics.
 Conscience is the final arbiter in decision making, not obedience to
another authority.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe the work of CAFOD.
Reference may be made to:
 Short term emergency aid, e.g., to respond to natural disasters or the
consequences of civil war.
 Long term development work, such as schools and clinics to alleviate
poverty.
 Campaigning work to reduce third world debt.
 Awareness-raising to help people understand the issues.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church on justice and
fairness.
Reference may be made to
 The belief that God is the Creator of all people and that, therefore, all
people are united as children of God. There is a sense of the 'common
good', i.e., all people should strive to reduce suffering because all are
united in God.

 The basis of the Church's teaching in the teaching and example of Jesus.
Reference may be made to relevant episodes in his life

Short term emergency aid and long term development work alleviate
poverty, which all Catholics should strive to do.
 Campaigning work to reduce debt and awareness-raising to help people
understand the issues, which are examples of how Roman Catholics may
put their religious beliefs into action.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain the Roman Catholic teaching on 'vocation'.
Reference may be made to:
 the 'call' of God to all creation, including the human race, to fulfil the
hopes and dreams God has for it,
 the vocation to Christian living that all the baptised share,
 the call to the priesthood or diaconate,
 specific vocation to different types of religious life, e.g., contemplative and
apostolic.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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(d)
'The existence of poverty shows there is no God.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 If God is omnibenevolent he should only create a world of love, yet
poverty exists so a God of love may not.
 If God is omniscient he knew in advance what would happen so he should
not have continued with the act of creation, yet poverty exists so God may
not.
 If God is omnipotent he has the power to stop poverty evil, yet poverty
continues so God may not exist.
 Human beings must be free to choose between good and evil in order to
true moral agents.
 Much poverty evil in the world is caused by humans when they do not live
in harmony with God's will.
 God cannot do or know what it is impossible for God to do or know. God
cannot deny human free will or (in an everlasting sense of God rather than
an eternal sense) know what has not yet happened so God took a risk in
the act of creation.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Being a monk or nun is the best way to serve God.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 The commitment and dedication that is exemplified by Religious is a
special calling from God that only a few are called to.
 The vows of poverty, chastity and obedience that engender holiness
single out religious in the People of God.
 Religious houses, such as monasteries, convents and abbeys are
powerhouses of prayer for the Church and the world.
 The call to holiness that is for all followers of Jesus, not just religious.
 All people can live out the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience.
 Each person's vocation is unique and has equal dignity.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
3.
(a)
Describe how Roman Catholics show devotion to Mary, the mother of
Jesus.
Reference may be made to:
 Marian feasts and seasons, e.g., the Feast of the Annunciation
 Sculptures, icons and paintings to Mary, exemplified by the stimulus
 Places of pilgrimage to Mary, such as Lourdes and Walsingham
 Prayers and devotions, such as the Rosary and the Angelus.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 147
(b)
Explain why Mary is given honour in the Roman Catholic Church.
Reference may be made to:
 New Testament texts, which speak of Mary's 'blessedness',
 her unique role in Jesus' birth,
 the Communion of Saints,
 her motherhood of the Church,
 her example of fidelity and trust, and
 the anticipatory gifts of being without original sin (the Immaculate
Conception) and the general resurrection of the dead (the Assumption).
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain how Roman Catholics can show self respect.
Reference may be made to:
 striving to fulfil God's call to become fully human and fully alive
 fulfilling one's talents and flourishing as a person
 avoiding alcohol, drugs and other life style choices that are harmful
contributing to the development and well-being of society.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(d)
'It is wrong to pray to statues.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 It goes against the Ten Commandments
 It helps concentration
 People are actually worshipping through the statue, not the actual statue.
 It is a visual aid.
 Prayer should only be to God
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Mary should not be prayed to.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 The Ten Commandments, which expressly forbid apparent worship of other
'Gods'.
 The claim that praying to Mary may detract from worship of God.
 Praying to Mary sometimes appears to be close to idolatrous, which is the
worship of false Gods.
 The argument that saints in heaven cannot intercede for those on earth,
only God can answer prayers.
 In the Catholic/Orthodox traditions only God is worshipped. Prayer to Mary
is often misunderstood outside of those traditions: she is given honour and
devotion as the Mother of Jesus Christ.
 Prayer to Mary should always be centred on the person of Jesus Christ.
 The idea of Mary being prayed to is also rooted in the doctrine of the
Communion of Saints: that those in heaven/purgatory and those on earth
are united in the Body of Christ and can support each other.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
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4.
(a)
Describe how Roman Catholics can show they are responsible citizens
in the world.
Reference may be made to:
 Using talents for the good of society.
 Care for the environment
 Helping to alleviate poverty and injustice
 Showing care and compassion for those in need.
Credit relevant responses.
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church about how criminals
should be treated.
Reference should be made to:
 the belief that God is the Creator and that, therefore, all people should be
treated with respect as children of God,
 the teaching of Jesus on the mercy of God, on forgiveness, and on making
a fresh start, e.g. the story of the woman caught committing adultery
 the stress on dealing with the causes of crime,
 the importance of ensuring the safety of society,
 the need for education and reformation
 the importance of probation support and re-entering society productively.
Accept relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain why some Roman Catholics agree with Capital Punishment.





Some Roman Catholics would suggest that in certain cases Capital
Punishment is justifiable.
They would argue that if capital punishment was made legal in Britain,
then it would deter others from committing such serious crimes as murder,
rape drug dealing etc.
Many people are frustrated by the crime rate and the leniency of the
criminal justice system. They would suggest that it would be only right and
proper for someone to forfeit their own life if they have taken the life of
another and by doing so they are in fact making reparation for the crime
committed.
Others would suggest that society needs to be protected from serious
criminals and that they only way that this could happen is to eliminate
those who are a threat to society.
Many Christians have campaigned in favour of the death penalty basing
their beliefs on Scripture itself. They have suggested that in Leviticus it
allows for Capital Punishment "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth".
Accept all relevant responses.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 149
(d)
'Punishment does very little to change a criminal.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.





Some may suggest that those who commit crimes do so as a result of
sociological factors and unless these factors are changes the person is
unable to change.
It has been suggested that the criminal justice system even contributes
towards more crime being committed where inmates learn bad habits from
one another.
Others stress the importance of punishment in order to reform – to enable
a person to reflect on his/her behaviour and to change.
Also reparation – to make up for the wrongs done, this can enable a
person to start again with a 'clean slate'.
Punishment may help to deter the person from committing further crimes.
Accept all relevant responses.
(e)
AO2 [4]
'Capital Punishment is always wrong.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing you
have considered more than one point of view.
Points that could be discussed include:
 God is the creator of life and so only he has the right to end it.
 Innocent people may die if there has been a mistrial or mistake.
 Capital punishment can create a culture of death in the rest of society
 Supporters of capital punishment claim it helps to reduce crime, though
others argue this has not been proven.
 The argument that the State should retain the right to protect its citizens
from violent criminals.
 Some crimes are so serious; the only fitting punishment appears to be to
end the life of the criminal.
 It may help provide closure for those who have been the victims of serious
crime.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [8]
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SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 4: ROMAN CATHOLICISM 2
AO1/A02
Q
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
AO1
4
AO2
1. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
8
e
8
2. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
4
8
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4
48
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5
4
d
e
SPaG
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 151
CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS
1.
(a)
Describe 'the argument from design for the existence of God'?
Points that could be referred to include:
 Some Christian thinkers believe that the Universe is clearly designed
because of the intricate nature of it.
 Accept reference to e.g. St. Thomas Aquinas, William Paley etc.
 Examples given could be the watch, eye etc.
Accept all relevant responses.
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain the difference between Reason and Revelation.
Explanations could include
 Reason is the use of man's rational and logical intelligence to discover
truths about God/nature of mankind.
 Revelation is God given inspiration in which truth is discovered. Examples
of revelation could include The Bible, the direct action of the Holy Spirit in
prayer.
Accept all relevant responses.
(c)
AO1 [4]
Explain how Christians might be helped to make important decisions in
life.
Explanations could include:
Christians could be helped by:
 Reading the Bible, the Bible as God's Word could help to confirm or
question any decisions made, particularly if there are references within
scripture dealing with the particular problem. Accept relevant examples.
 Consulting Church teaching, for example the Catholic Catechism or other
Christian documents which set out the Church's position on moral issues.
 Asking advice from other Christians. This would help a person to
understand the issue from the perspective of others who also have a
faith, giving a more holistic and objective approach to moral decision
making
 Praying about the situation. Christians, in relationship with God could seek
guidance through prayer where God's Holy Spirit could give guidance
about the issue through addressing one's conscience.
 Listening to Conscience. As Conscience is considered to be God-given
reason, Christians need listen to their conscience and act in faith.
Accept all relevant responses.
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AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 152
(d)
'Christians should read the Bible every day.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The Bible is the Word of God and believers should be familiar with it.
 The Bible is a source book for prayer and worship, which should happen
regularly.
 The Bible is a guide for life for followers of Jesus.
 Reading the Bible daily may become burdensome and, therefore,
counterproductive.
 There are other ways of praying, such as contemplation, that are equally
important.
 The focus for a Christian's life should be on social action, justice and
fairness: these should be the priority.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'God's existence is just a made up story.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view. You must include reference to
religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:





There is no empirical evidence for God's existence – you cannot test it.
Revealed theology is very subjective.
Materialists may suggest an existentialist approach.
Personal conversions have made a real difference to some people's lives.
Not everyone does believe but there are many people who do – can they all
be wrong?
 Even Christian scientists who are very well respected believe in God
examples could be accepted [e.g. Alistair McGrath]
 The universe could not exist unless a powerful being such as God had
created.
 The notion that humans have a conscience suggests that there is a higher
moral being.
 Some suggest that they have experienced a miracle; this must be attributed
to a more powerful, supernatural being.
 The argument form causality.
The 'Big Bang' argument could be
questioned – who created the big bang? God is th'e 'cause of all causes'.
Accept all relevant responses.
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe what Christianity teaches about what it means to be human?
Points that could be referred to include:
 Christianity teaches that humans are made 'in the image and likeness of
God' (Genesis 1:26) as such they share in God's eternal nature,
 They are created with a soul, therefore spiritual development is important.
 They are not just physical beings but are created with as physical,
spiritual, emotional and intelligent beings with the capacity to reason.
 Humans need to be in relationship with others as they are also social
beings, they need to develop in all aspects of 'being' through their
relationships with other human beings.
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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(b)
Explain how Christians can help to other people through fair trade.
Explanations could include:
 On a personal level Christians could make an effort to buy fair trade
products e.g. bananas, rice, cereals, jewellery etc.
 Credit examples of charities that support fair trade e.g. CAFOD,
Traidcraft, Christian Aid, SCIAF, and Tearfund.
 Support projects which are set up on other countries through donating
money to the charities that financially and physically support the projects.
 Make an effort to offer regular support through as direct debit approach.
 Work as a volunteer on the project.
 Get involved in an education programme about fair trade and educate
others about the importance of it.
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain why Christianity teaches that humans should look after their
bodies.
Explanations could include:
 Christians believe that life is a gift from God as such it should be treated
with respect.
 Christianity teaches that humans have a responsibility towards God in
terms of stewardship of God's gift of. Therefore they will be accountable
for the way that they treat themselves.
 The body is considered to be a 'temple of the Holy Spirit, to abuse one's
body would be disrespectful to God.
 Christians need to consider the example set to others by the way that they
treat their bodies. The notion of Christian witness in living a good moral
life is all important in drawing others to the faith.
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(d)
'It's my life so I can do what I like with it'.
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 Human beings are autonomous beings with freewill.
 The consequences of actions rests on the person and do not affect
anyone else.
 The choices taken in life particularly with regards to self abuse is of no
concern to others e.g. if I overeat I get fat, If I drink too much alcohol, I
suffer, if abuse myself through harmful drugs I, suffer the consequences
etc.
 Ultimately, if I choose to shorten my life through abusing it then the
consequences faced are fair retribution.
 Christianity teaches that stewardship of life ultimately involve judgement
of the way in which humans have been helpful towards others. This
involves demonstrating a good moral attitude.
 Responsibility towards others is also important – as we are social beings
we form relationships in life and personal decisions made affect the lives
of others too. Drug and alcohol abuse can lead to misery and suffering of
those who share lives with addicts.
 Humans have a responsibility to care for themselves because of their
responsibilities towards others.
 The notion of rights and responsibility could be explored- does a person
who abuses his/her body deserve to receive health treatment?
Accept all relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 154
(e)
'It doesn't matter what job I do, as long as I am a good person.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view. You must include reference to
religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The Bible does not have a list of jobs that Christians should only do.
 Christianity teaches that Christians should be 'in the world, but not of it',
meaning that Christians should act appropriately wherever they are in
order to draw people the Gospel message.
 Christians like others have a responsibility to work and care for their
families, the only available jobs may seem unsuitable but it should be
considered that earning a living is what is important.
 Certain jobs may be considered incompatible with Christian teaching and
to undertake these jobs may be immoral e.g. working for a cigarette
company, working in a casino – credit all relevant examples.
 The notion of Christian vocation – the call to do the will of God by serving
Him in a particular way e.g. missionary work.
 Some jobs may expect a person to work on a Sunday and this may go
against personal conscience.
Accept all relevant responses.
3.
(a)
AO2 [8]
Describe what is meant by 'Moral evil' and 'Natural evil'.
Points that could be referred to include:
 Moral evil is the suffering imposed on others by humans deliberately being
unkind e.g. making hurtful comments, theft, rape etc..
 Natural evil is the suffering that humans have no control over and is the
result of disasters such as drought, tsunami, flood, volcanic eruption etc…
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain how Christianity responds to the problem of evil.
Explanations could include:
 Accept theological suggestions for the existence of evil
 Some suggest that it is a result of the fallen nature of mankind and
suffering is a direct result of sin
 Some Christians suggest that suffering is for the benefit of mankind in that
it helps to enhance a greater appreciation for goodness.
 Some accept suffering on the basis that it is temporary and that the
Christian promise is one of hope and eternal life free from suffering.
 Credit references to practical responses – charity work in the face of
emergency – on going projects to help those who are suffering
 Prayer services to bring all suffering to an end.
 Living a moral life, a practical working out of the Gospel message to treat
others as one would like to be treated.
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 155
(c)
Explain what Christianity teaches about injustice.
Explanations could include:
 To treat others unfairly is unacceptable according to Christian teaching.
 Christians believe in the value and dignity of all human beings, this
includes those in society who are unable to help themselves e.g. the
weak, poor disabled
 The Bible demands that the community looks after those who are
oppressed because of situations of injustice.
 Christians have a duty and responsibility to stand up for and liberate
others form situations of injustice.
 God is a God of justice and therefore Christians should be just too.
AO1 [4]
(d)
'I can't help it if others suffer. There's nothing I can do.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 Some may object to being made to feel responsible for the suffering of
others, for example from oppressive governments.
 It can be frustrating to spend time and effort trying to help those who
suffer, giving uptime energy and resources when the situation may not
change.
 Showing care and concern towards family or local community etc.. may be
more worthwhile.
 Some suggest that suffering may be the fault of those who do suffer e.g.
making oneself homeless through illegal immigration.
 The obligation that Christians have towards those who suffer can not be
disputed. Christianity teaches that God demands his people to liberate
those who suffer and they have a duty to do so.
 Compassion for those who suffer is characteristic of Christian teaching –
'love one another as I have loved you' John13:34
 Christian witness - setting an example to others.
 One can not expect to be helped personally if one is unprepared to help.
Accept all relevant responses.
(e)
AO2 [4]
'Evil is created by humans, there is no such thing as the Devil.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view. You must include reference to
religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The Bible presents Jesus' as being tempted by a supernatural force – the
devil. Credit references to the scriptural passages
 Many Christians believe that the devil is a reality, interpreting Scripture in
a literal way.
 Some believe that the Devil is a power that seeks to turn people away
from God and is the cause of so much evil in society.
 Some may suggest that if God is omnipotent then the responsibility for evil
rests with him.
 Others suggest that all evil results from selfish desires and the inclination
to do wrong.
 Evil situations arise from the struggle within ourselves to do what is right
and the failure to do the right thing.
 Some scientists suggest there is no such notion of natural evil it is just the
way that nature is working in an evolutionary way.
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 156
Accept all relevant responses.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO2 [8]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 157
4.
(a)
Describe what is meant by a Just War.
Points that could be referred to include:
 A war which is just is one which is fair and right.
 The conditions were first laid down by St. Thomas Aquinas.
 The war must be declared and controlled by the legitimate authority of the
state or its ruler. So guerrilla warfare or terrorism would not be seen as a
just means of protest.
 There must be a just cause. So it would not be considered fair to invade a
country purely to expand territory. A justifiable cause would be self defence.
 The war must be fought to promote good, and with the intention of
restoring peace afterwards. This must take place as soon as possible.
 War must always be the last resort. All other methods of resolving the
situation must have been sort after first. For example, negotiation over
ways to resolve the problem.
 There must be proportionality in the way that the war is fought. For
example, if one country had nuclear capability but another did not it
should not use that power because it would be unfair, the other country
would be unable to fight back. Civilians must be protected at all times.
Accept all relevant responses.
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain what Christians teach about pacifism.
Explanations could include:
 Pacifism is the belief that violence of any kind is unjustifiable and that one
should not participate in war.
 The belief that disputes can be settled by means other than war such as
diplomatic discussions. Quakers believe that Jesus' example was
pacifistic and called his followers to 'turn the other cheek'.
 Jesus taught that those who are peacemakers will be blessed by God, this
is a kingdom principle. Other examples could include Martin Luther King,
Helder Camara.
Accept all relevant responses.
(c)
AO1 [4]
Explain Christian teachings about taking part in a war.
Explanations could include:
 Different views depend on denomination and conscience
 Many believe it is sometimes necessary to go to war – Just War/St
Thomas Aquinas
 Many believe it is necessary to overcome evil.
 Following the teachings of the Bible.
 Pray for peace.
 All peaceful means should be explored first
Accept all relevant responses.
AO1 [4]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 158
(d)
'Going to war is sometimes right.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The teaching of Jesus on violence and retribution, which he rejected.
 The example of Jesus on non-violence and forgiveness, particularly from
the cross.
 The common humanity of people, which leads many to conclude they
cannot harm another person.
 The escalation of violence in society, which sometimes necessitates a
violent response.
 The claim that Jesus did not rule out military service.
 The need for self-defence.
 The right to defend land and resources.
 The inadequacy of pacifist resources.
 The importance of Just War principles in controlling the extent and impact
of war.
Accept relevant responses.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'The only way to change a bad situation is by using violence.'
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer showing that you have
considered alternative points of view. You must include reference to
religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that may be given and explained include:
 The use of violence is sometimes necessary for example in a situation of
self defence. The right to preserve one's own life is important and if this
means resorting to violence then that is morally justified.
 Defending others through violence may also be considered morally
justifiable credit appropriate examples.
 Some liberation theologians have advocated that Praxis may involve
resorting to violence – the example of Camilo Torres
 The Just war theory, supports the use of violence.
 Non –violent action has had positive results credit appropriate examples
e.g. Martin Luther King, Helder Camara, Gandhi etc..
 Some Christians believe that Jesus' own example of non – violence, even
in the face of attack, means they should follow suit e.g. The Quakers
[Society of friends]
 Jesus calls his disciples to be ' peacemakers' and to act with an attitude of
non- revenge.
 To live by 'Kingdom principles' means to follow Jesus' teaching .
Accept all relevant responses.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO2 [8]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 159
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 5: CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY AND
ETHICS
AO1/A02
Q
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
AO1
AO2
1. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
2. a
4
b
c
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
5
4
d
e
SPaG
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 160
HINDUISM
1.
(a)
Describe the main events of the Ramayana.
Answers could refer to:
 the reason why they were in the forest;
 Sita's kidnapping by Ravana;
 Rama's determination to save Sita with the help of Laksmana and
Hanuman;
 the battle with Ravana;
 Sita's test of fidelity.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain, with examples, the meaning of avatar.
Expect answers to refer to:
 avatar as an incarnation of a god or eternal being,
 usually to help in time of need;
 usually used to refer to incarnations of Vishnu.
 examples could include Rama or Krishna
(c)
(d)
Accept any relevant example.
AO1 [4]
Explain how Hindus celebrate Divali.
Expect candidates to refer to:
 three day festival – usually
 lasts for five days;
 Divali means lights and Hindus decorate their homes;
 story re-enacted;
 special puja for Rama and Sita.
AO1 [4]
'Rama is more important to Hindus than Brahman.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept any relevant reasons which might include –
 Brahman has no personality;
 It is very difficult to form a relationship with a God which has no qualities;
 Rama is a hero which people can identify with;
 he has personal qualities which people aspire to;
 his image is often on home shrines.
 Rama is an expression of Brahman
 Brahman is in all things
 Brahman is the Supreme God
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 161
(e)
'Celebrating religious festivals is the most important way of showing
that you belong to a religion.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view.' You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept arguments such as:
 It is a public declaration of faith.
 Taking part in a religious festival shows commitment to a religion
 It is a way of expressing beliefs and passing them from one generation to
another.
 Festivals only occur at certain times – what about religious identity at
other times?
 There are other practices which show much more commitment to a
religion – daily puja, dress, food laws etc.
 You do not have to be committed to a religion to take part in festivals;
 Many celebrate festivals without regard to their religious meaning
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe the main features of a Hindu marriage ceremony.
Answers could refer to features such as:
 welcoming the groom,
 the giving away of the bride,
 the sacred fire,
 holding hands,
 walking around the sacred fire,
 the seven steps,
 looking at the northern star.
(b)
Explain why marriage is important in Hinduism
Expect candidates to refer to:
 marriage as possibly the most important samskara;
 a duty of the highest castes;
 starting a family regarded as very important.
(c)
AO1 [4]
AO1 [4]
Explain how many Hindus view divorce.
Expect candidates to refer to:
 traditional and modern attitudes – marriage is for life;
 those who divorced were rejected by society;
 today in more liberal Hindu communities divorce is accepted but not
encouraged.
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 162
(d)
'There's no place for arranged or assisted marriages today.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Credit relevant reasons which might include –
 if marriage is a lifelong union it should be of personal choice;
 it goes against human rights;
 people are much more independent;
 women's rights need to be respected;
 love is the basis of marriage;
 it's a practice that has worked well in the past;
 divorce rates in arranged marriages are much lower.
 Traditions and duties are very important in Hinduism
 It shows respect for parents and elders
(e)
AO2 [4]
'It's difficult to maintain a Hindu lifestyle in Britain today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Credit arguments such as:
 Eastern and Western values can be very different.
 There are many activities and events which are a threat to Hindu lifestyle.
 Culture is different.
 Being religious in a material world.
 Being a religious minority.
 Rules of dress etc.
 It is possible with the support of Hindu community.
 Family ties are very strong in Hinduism.
 It is possible to adapt to Western culture without betraying Hindu values.
 Many people in Britain are ignorant about Hindu rites and traditions
 Existence of racial and religious prejudice
AO2 [8]
3.
(a)
Describe the main features of Vishnu.





(b)
Vishnu is the second member of the Trimurti – the sustainer;
worshipped by Vaishnavites as supreme God;
closely associated with his avatars especially Krishna and Rama;
Lakshmi is his consort and Garuda his vehicle;
expect references to conch, discus, lotus and club.
AO1 [4]
Explain why bhakti is important to many Hindus.
Accept answers which refer to:
 Bhakti as the belief that it is possible to have a personal relationship with
God;
 it is based on love and devotion expressed through service;
 loving atmosphere important – clean puja room, burning of incense,
lighting of lamp, wearing clean clothes etc;
 actions such as being just, praying, looking after the poor important.
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 163
(c)
Explain how Hindus prepare for worship.
Expect answers to refer to:
 enter into right frame of mind
 take off shoes
 cleanse thoroughly both physically and spiritually
 ensure shrine is prepared
 to ensure place of chosen deity
(d)
AO1 [4]
'Pilgrimage is not really a form of worship.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept relevant reasons which might include:
 people go on pilgrimages for a variety of reasons;
 it is the place they are focused upon and not the God associated with it;
 it often has more to do with self than anything else;
 pilgrimage takes a lot of self sacrifice and shows devotion;
 at a special place of pilgrimage worship takes place.
 Worship is a personal relationship with a deity
 Pilgrimage is a tradition/act which does not necessarily focus on a god.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Daily puja is the most important practice in Hinduism.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept arguments such as:
 It shows daily commitment to their religion;
 It expresses a personal relationship with deities.
 Shows devotion.
 Brings the devotee into the presence of god
 It is a way the devotee seeks and knows the will of god
 It gives the devotee strength, comfort and guidance
 Some could argue that it is done out of practice rather than necessity
 Many other practices in Hinduism are more important – samskaras.
 The concept of Varnashramadharma is much more important in the daily
lives of Hindus.
 Celebrating festivals more important.
AO2 [8]
4.
(a)
Describe Hindu beliefs about life after death.
Answers could refer to:
 soul is immortal;
 life and time are eternal;
 reincarnation – the eternal soul reborn time and time again;
 its dependence on karma
 progression to Moksha only possible through human incarnation. AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why varna is important to Hindus.
Answers could refer to:
 social structure which has been in existence for thousands of years
 origin in story of Purusha
 part of cosmic order
 gives structure and purpose to society
 subdivided into jatis or castes.
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 164
(c)
Explain how belief of Varnashramadharma can affect a Hindu's lifestyle.
Answers should refer to:
 the three parts of varna, dharma and ashrama i.e. duty associated with
caste and stage in life
 it affects a Hindu's way of life in the occupation that he has
 it affects the varna he lives
 it affects the varna he marries within
AO1 [4]
(d)
'Belief in karma leads to better behaviour.'
Do you agree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept relevant reasons such a:
 people want positive karma to reach moksha
 bad deeds lead to a lower reincarnation
 good deeds mean a better future life
 people act without regarding the consequences
 people only think about this life.
 Sometimes it makes people accept passively the wrongs in life
 Sometimes people act from the wrong intention.
(e)
'Hinduism is more than a religion – it's a way of life.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Accept arguments such as:
 Varnashramadharma is Hinduism;
 Actions are much more important in Hinduism than beliefs.
 It is beliefs that shape actions
 Hinduism permeates into all areas of life;
 All religions are ways of life.
 Many practices in Hinduism are cultural rather than religious.
 All acts in Hinduism are religious acts
 Many Hindu traditions are held for social not religious reasons
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO2 [4]
AO2 [8]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 165
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 6: HINDUISM
AO1/A02
Q
1. a
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
4
4
AO2
4
d
4
e
4
8
8
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
4
d
8
3. a
8
4
b
4
4
4
c
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
e
4
4
8
8
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
5
4
e
4. a
SPaG
4
4
2. a
AO1
4
b
c
TOTAL
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 166
MARK SCHEME
ISLAM
1.
(a)
Describe the structure of the Qur'an.
Points that may be described include:
 The Qur'an is divided into chapters or surahs
 The Qur'an is divided into 114 chapters
 The Qur'an is read from right to left
 Nearly all chapters begin with 'In the name of Allah'
 The Qur'an is written in Arabic
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain why the Qur'an is important to Muslims.
Reasons that might be explained include:
 The word 'Qur'an' means to 'recite'
 The Qur'an was given to the prophet Muhammad through a series of
revelations
 The Qur'an was revealed to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel
 The Qur'an is believed to be the direct words of God
 The Qur'an is the Muslim holy book
 The Qur'an provides passages for recitation during prayer
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain how a Muslim strives for purity in personal life.
Points that could be explained include:
 Muslims strive for purity through a life of submission to the will of Allah
 Muslims regularly read the Qur'an
 Families may read the Qur'an together
 Muslims may learn sections of the Qur'an off by heart
 Muslims on a daily basis embrace jihad
 Jihad is the personal striving of a Muslim
AO1 [4]
(d)
'The Qur'an is more important than the Hadith.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the final revelation from God
 Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the best guide on how to live
 The Qur'an is a divine revelation; no other book may compare
 Muslims believe that the Hadith are the actions and words of the prophet
Muhammad
 It is important to follow the example of the prophet Muhammad
 Muslims try to live a life following in his footsteps
 Both books are important and of value
 You cannot really compare these two books
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 167
(e)
'It is impossible to live by the teachings of the Qur'an in Britain today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 The Qur'an was written centuries ago
 The Qur'an was revealed in a different country
 The expectations of lifestyle in the Qur'an do not fit with an increasingly
secular society
 The teachings of the Qur'an must be followed in any society
 The teachings are universal for all Muslims
 The secularisation of society is irrelevant; Muslims must follow the
teachings of the Qur'an wherever they are in order to be devout Muslims
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe the main events of the hajj.
Points that may be described are:
 Circle the Ka'ba
 Anti-clockwise direction
 Seven times
 Kiss or touch the black stone
 Running between the two hills of Mount Safa and Mount Marwa
 Visit the well of Zamzam
 Standing before God on the plain of Arafat
 Prayers at Muzdalifah
 Stoning the devil at Mina
 Sacrifice of an animal
(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain why Id-ul-Adha is important to Muslims.
Explanations that could be included:
 Id-ul-Adha commemorates an historical event of importance to Muslims
 Id-ul-Adha commemorates the substitution by God of a ram for sacrifice
instead of Isaac
 Id-ul-Adha is the feast of sacrifice
 Muslims celebrate the faith of Abraham, who was also a prophet
 Muslims remember God's intervention in human affairs
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain how Muslims prepare for Id-ul-Fitr.
Points that could be explained include:
 Muslims prepare for Id-ul-Fitr with fasting
 Muslims fast throughout the month of Ramadan which is the Muslim
month of fasting
 Fasting is from dawn to sunset
 Muslims may drink and eat before dawn and after sunset
 Muslims may read the Qur'an more often
 Muslims may attend the mosque more frequently
 Muslims may buy present and cards ready for the celebration
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 168
(d)
'Animals should never be killed as part of religious celebrations.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 It is perceived as cruel to kill animals as part of religious celebration
 Sacrificing animals was an ancient religious ritual which is not relevant
today
 Killing animals for religious celebrations is not appropriate today
 All life, including animals, is special
 Killing animals as part of a religious celebration is traditional
 God is thanked for the life of the animal
 The animal sacrifice is shared as food among family, friends and the
community
 Special food is part of the religious ritual
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Festivals are more important than Rites of Passage.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Festivals usually commemorate an historical event
 Festivals bring the whole religious community together
 Festivals are an opportunity for religious teaching
 Festivals have special religious artefacts, customs and rituals
 Festivals are an essential part of any religion
 Rites of passage encourage religious belief within families
 It is very important to be initiated into a religion
 Family life is the basis of Islam
 Rites of passage provide an opportunity for teaching
3.
(a)
AO2 [8]
Describe the internal features of a mosque.
Points that could be included:
 A mosque has an ablution room for preparation before prayer
 A mosque has two prayer halls; the larger one for the men and the smaller
one for women in which to offer daily set prayer
 A mosque has a minbar for sermons from the imam
 A mosque has a series of clocks to indicate the times of prayer
 The prayer hall has spaces marked for prayer on a prayer mat
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain why the madrasah is important.
Points that could be explained include:
 The imam teaches in the mosque school
 The madrasah is where many Muslims learn to read the Qur'an
 The madrasah is where Muslims learn Arabic
 The madrasah is where Muslims learn the customs of the religion
 The madrasah contributes to a sense of community
AO1 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 169
(c)
Explain how Muslims worship in a mosque.
Explanations that could be included:
 Muslims must prepare for prayer with the right intention
 Muslims must remove their shoes
 Muslims perform wudu
 Muslims pray in the prayer hall
 Muslims stand shoulder to shoulder in prayer
 Muslims follow the series of prayer movements – rakat – together
 The imam leads the prayer
 Muslims may pray privately in the mosque at any time
AO1 [4]
(d)
'Rules about dress in places of worship are out-of-date.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 Rules about dress are not appropriate in a multi-cultural society
 Rules about dress may attract unwanted publicity
 Rules about dress may be perceived as strict in a liberal society
 Rules about dress may be seen as out-of-date in a secular society
 Rules about dress give religious followers a sense of identity
 Rules about dress allow Muslims to live in a modest way
 Rules about dress may allow Muslims to maintain an important cultural
identity
AO2 [4]
(e)
'You should only have to pray when you want to.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Prayer should be spontaneous
 People may want to pray at different times because of lifestyle
 Some people may pray weekly in their place of worship
 Prayer is very personal
 Set times of prayer encourages a Muslim to develop a habit of prayer
 Set times for prayer are found in the Hadith
 The Qur'an contains teaching about prayer
 Set times of prayer encourages a sense of the ummah
 Set times of prayer encourages self-discipline within a life of prayer
AO2 [8]
4.
(a)
Describe a Muslim wedding ceremony
Points that may be described include:
 Muslims may marry in the mosque or home
 Muslim wedding ceremonies are simple
 A Muslim wedding involves an exchange of vows
 A Muslim wedding includes readings from the Qur'an
 Prayers will be recited
 The imam may officiate
 A Muslim bride may wear her dowry as gold jewellery
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 170
(b)
Explain why family life is important in Islam.
Explanations that could be included:
 Family life is the basis for Muslim society
 It is an institution founded by God himself
 It is where roles of men and women and children are taught and learnt
 An extended family life is the normal family structure for Muslims
 Religious belief and practice is taught in the home
 The role of parents is important
AO1 [4]
(c)
(d)
Explain how Islam views adultery.
Points that could be explained include:
 Sex outside marriage is generally wrong
 Sexual relationships should only take place inside marriage.
 Vows promising fidelity are taken during the wedding.
 Adultery breaks down family life.
 Sexual desires are to be satisfied, but only in the context of marriage
 The ideal is a lifelong union based on trust, morality and devotion.
 Adultery is a form of theft
 Adultery works against the unity and peace of the Ummah.
AO1 [4]
'Muslims should only marry Muslims.'
Give two reasons why you agree or disagree with this statement. You
must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 Islam is a way of life
 It is necessary for both partners to believe in the same religion
 Families expect their children to marry within the faith
 Both partners will follow the five pillars of faith
 The family will be able to follow rules about haram and hal'al
 Children will be brought up in the faith by two Muslim parents
 Arranged marriages will involve two Muslim families and partners
 Muslims may marry Christians or Jews as they are 'people of the Book'
 People should marry for love, regardless of religious faith
 Children may be exposed to different faiths during their upbringing
 The non-Muslim partner is still able to support the Muslim partner
 It is a multi-cultural society in the UK today
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Sex before marriage is always wrong for Muslims.'
Reasons that could be given include:
 According to the Qur'an sex before marriage is always wrong
 Sex before marriage undermines family stability
 Sex before marriage may lead to promiscuity
 Sex before marriage may encourage adultery
 There may be circumstances where only pre-marital sex may take place
 Society has changed and many people have sex before marriage
 Couples who have sex before marriage may marry each other at a later
date
 Sex before marriage may not lead to promiscuity
 Sex before marriage may not encourage adultery
AO2 [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 171
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 7: ISLAM
AO1/A02
Q
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
AO1
1. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
AO2
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
2. a
4
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
e
4
8
3. a
8
4
4
4
c
4
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4. a
b
4
4
4
4
c
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4
48
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
5
4
b
b
SPaG
48
5
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 172
JUDAISM
Answers here are illustrative not definitive. Acceptable answers will be credited.
1.
(a)
Describe a Jewish kitchen.







(b)
AO1 [4]
Explain how Jews classify food.







(c)
Kosher – permitted foods. Animals that chew their cud and have split
hooves.
Fish that have both scales and fins.
Poultry. Domestic birds that eat grain.
Milk from kosher animals, eggs from kosher birds.
Treifa – forbidden foods. Animals, fish, poultry which do not conform to
the above.
Insects.
Parve – neutral foods. Vegetables, fruit and grain. These can be eaten at
any time.
AO1 [4]
Explain the role of a mother in Jewish family life.







(d)
It has two parts – a meat section and a dairy section.
Two sets of cooking utensils, stored separately.
A further two sets of cooking utensils used only for Pesach.
Two sinks or one sink with two washing-up bowls.
Electric cooker rather than gas. Cooker should have two ovens.
Laminate worktops e.g. formica (not wood).
Labelling or colour-coding.
Orthodox – full involvement in the religious aspects – preparation of food,
ensure correct amount of time elapses between consuming dairy and
meat products.
Welcome Shabbat into home.
Teach children – Hebrew, Jewish history, correct behaviour patterns.
Ensure children attend synagogue school services.
Encourage them to prepare for their Bar Mitzvah/Bat Chayil celebrations.
Reform – not all the religious aspects are regarded as important.
Non-practising Jews disregard all religious aspects.
AO1 [4]
'It is difficult for young Jews to observe Jewish dietary laws in Britain
today.' Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer.
You must include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 Meals in a British school – no kosher food available.
 Packet foods, sweets, medicines may contain non-kosher ingredients.
 Difficulty in socialising with non-Jewish friends – going to a local fast food
outlet, staying with them, attending their parties.
 Few restaurants available providing kosher food.
 Difficult to observe the rules regarding milk and meat.
 Young Jews can take their own food to school / work /parties.
 They can eat vegetarian dishes when socialising with non-Jews.
 They can explain to friends – there is tolerance for religions and religious
practices in our multi-faith society.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 173
AO2 [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 174
(e)
'Worship in the synagogue is more important than worship in the home.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Reading of the Sefer Torah only takes place in the synagogue.
 Importance of corporate worship.
 Easier to worship as a group.
 No distractions in synagogue.
 Importance of ambience found in the synagogue.
 Significant items in synagogue – Ark, Ner tamid etc.
 Importance of sermon delivered by Rabbi/Cantor.
 Shabbat service and three week-day services held in synagogue.
 During times of persecution it is the worship in the home that has ensured
the survival of the faith.
 Reciting Shema in the home.
 Reciting of blessings in the home before and after food.
 Daily prayer in the home.
 Use of siddur, tefillin and tallit for worship.
AO2 [8+5]
2.
(a)
Describe how God helped the Jews to escape from Egypt.
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(b)
Explain how Jews prepare for Pesach in the home.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
God gave Moses instructions to pass on to the Jews - mark their door
posts with blood of the Paschal lamb.
The Angel of Death passed over Egypt killing the first-born of the
Egyptians including Pharaoh's first-born son.
Pharaoh begged Moses to leave and to take the Jews with him.
Pharaoh changed his mind; with his army he pursued the Jews, catching
them near the shores of the Reed Sea.
God drove the sea back – Jews passed over on dry ground.
Egyptians followed, God reduced the wind, sea came back, hundreds of
Egyptians drowned.
AO1 [4]
The house is spring cleaned.
Many Orthodox households have special crockery, cutlery and cooking
utensils just for this festival. If not, existing ones are thoroughly cleaned
and checked.
All traces of leaven are removed.
Final search and destruction of chemetz.
Buying of special foods e.g. Matza with 'Kosher for Pesach' seal on it.
Setting the Seder table.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 175
(c)
Explain the significance of the items on the Seder plate.
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(d)
Roasted shank-bone of lamb – reminder of last meal before leaving Egypt
/ reminder of ancient Jews' sacrifices to God/symbol of God's outstretched
arm.
Roasted egg – Spring and new life / represents sacrifices in the Temple /
symbol of the Jews' will to survive.
Maror –bitter herbs (Horseradish) – bitterness of slavery.
Haroset – paste of apples, nuts cinnamon and wine – mortar used when
building for the Egyptians / sweet taste of freedom.
Karpas – greens (parsley/lettuce) – freedom, Spring, new life / poor
nourishment in Egypt/ God's provision in the wilderness.
AO1 [4]
'God's covenant relationship is the most important Jewish belief.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that could be given include:
 The covenant marks Jews as God's hosen people.
 Jews chosen for a task not a privilege. Covenant reminds them of their
responsibilities.
 Covenant reminds them of their ancestors – God's covenant with
Abraham, the nation.
 God's promise that He would never abandon the Jewish people has
helped them in difficult times.
 Other beliefs important – One God – the Shema.
 God the Lawgiver.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Celebrating festivals has no value today.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that
you have considered more than one point of view. You must include
reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Celebrating festivals is time consuming.
 Difficult to obtain time off work/school to celebrate all the festivals.
 Some of the traditions associated with festivals do not have relevance
today – Pesach a pilgrim festival – no pilgrimage in Judaism today.
 They do not promote integration of ethnic groups.
 Many festivals dwell on the past – Pesach, Yom Hashoah, Shabbat. Jews
should concentrate on the future.
 Festivals provide opportunities for worship.
 They strengthen their faith in God.
 Festivals strengthen family ties especially weekly Shabbat.
 Festivals provide opportunity to reflect on oneself and to think of others
especially Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.
 Festivals promote understanding of their faith and traditions – it is a time
to reflect on their history.
 Festivals contribute to community cohesion.
 Festivals provide excellent opportunities to educate the young.
AO2 [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 176
3.
(a)
Describe the main parts of a Jewish marriage ceremony.
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Signing of the ketubah.
Blessing of the wine.
Groom and bride drink the wine.
Placement of the ring.
Reading of the ketubah by the Rabbi or honoured guest.
Seven blessings
Breaking of the glass.
AO1 [4]
(b)
Explain what is the purpose of the ketubah.
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(c)
Explain Jewish attitudes to divorce.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
It is a marriage contract stating obligations of bridegroom to his bride.
He promises to honour, cherish, work for and protect his bride.
It specifies how much she will receive in the event of his death or a
divorce.
She will therefore live comfortably and will never be destitute.
Obligations of wife to her husband are not spelled out in the ketubah –
these taken for granted.
A legal document, given by groom to bride, kept by her.
AO1 [4]
Jews accept that some marriages fail and divorce is the best option.
Sadness when a marriage fails –'Even the altar sheds a tear.'
No obstacles – divorce procedure is simple – couple do not need to be
present, no grounds. A get is issued.
Orthodox - a woman without a get is still married. If she remarried she
would be an adulteress. If children were born they would be mamzerim. If
husband refuses to give a get she is an Agunah – chained woman.
Reform - no need for a get – if wife wants divorce and the husband
refuses she can get a 'Certificate of Divorce' from the Beth Din.
Today some Rabbis try to write a prenuptial agreement into the marriage
document - bride and groom agree that if the marriage fails they will not
refuse to give or receive a get.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 177
(d)
'The Orthodox attitude to homosexual relationships is out of date.'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons than can be given include:
 Orthodox viewpoint reflects teachings within the Torah.
 God created man and woman God's first commandment – 'Be fruitful and
multiply' – not possible in a homosexual relationship.
 Lev 18 specifically forbids homosexual activity 'You will not lie down with a
man in the same way you would lie down wit a woman.'
 Lesbianism is promiscuous behaviour and is condemned in the Talmud.
 Today homosexuals have rights.
 Reform tolerant regarding homosexual relationships. People do not have
a choice who they are – they are what God made them.
 All people should be treated with tolerance and empathy.
AO2 [4]
(e)
'Marriage is an essential part of Jewish life'
Give reasons or evidence for your answer showing that you have
considered more than one point of view. You must include reference to
religious beliefs in your answer.
Points that could be discussed include:
 Judaism teaches that it is a religious duty to marry, celibacy is not
considered virtuous.
 God is hallowed in the ties and obligations of marriage, kiddushin sanctification.
 Marriage ensures the continuation of the race. It is the right environment
to have children "Be fruitful and multiply." – Genesis.
 Marriage brings joy. The Talmud states: "A man without a wife is doomed
to an existence without joy, without blessing, without experiencing life's
true goodness, without Torah, without protection and without peace."
 Personalities develop fully through marriage.
 Marriage is highly rated in the Talmud: "A man without a woman is
incomplete" and "All the blessings that a man receives come to him only
in the merit of his wife."
 Marriage is part of God's plan "It is not good that man should be alone."
 The number of marriages is declining in modern society. Couples live
together successfully and raise a family without being married.
 Sex outside marriage is acceptable in today's society. The Jewish idea of
sex only within marriage is obsolete.
 It is possible to lead a Jewish lifestyle as a single person obeying the
mitzvot, celebrating festivals, worshipping, studying the Torah etc.
 Marriages often fail to bring happiness.
 It is possible for a single person to contribute more to Jewish life – more
time to devote to the needs of the Jewish community.
AO2 [8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 178
4.
(a)
Describe how Jews care for other people.
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(b)
Support given in times of difficulty.
Lend money with no interest.
Invite people living alone into their home – particularly for festival
celebration.
Gemilut hasadim – deeds of kindness –kind word, helping hand etc.
Placing stone on a grave to show that person has not been forgotten.
Tzedaka – Hebrew word for justice - obligation to give to the poor. One
tenth of income should be donated.
Pushkes at home -collection boxes for worthy causes. Family members
including children donate money regularly.
Support for the developing world – projects in Africa, Asia and Latin
America
AO1 [4]
Explain how Jewish beliefs show that all life is important.
 Jews believe that God gives life and that all life is important.
 'To everything there is a season…..a time to be born and a time to die.'
This is seen in their attitude to:
 Abortion. Orthodox Jews object to abortion – it destroys a potential life.
Others accept abortion only if there is a good reason.
 Euthenasia. Jewish law strictly forbids any attempt at cutting short the life
of even a dying person. To take away even a few moments of human life
is treated as an act of murder.
 Birth Control. Very strict Orthodox Jews are against contraception. It is
allowed if there is a good reason.
 Care of the Aged. The Torah specifically states that it is a duty of children
to care for their parents in their old age.
 Judaism teaches that animals are to be respected – cruelty to animals is
strictly forbidden.
AO1 [4]
(c)
Explain Jewish beliefs about the rewards for leading a good life.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
The teaching of Judaism is that man is blessed with free will to do either
good or evil and must bear the responsibility for his actions. The rewards
can be:
Happiness in this world this is emphasised particularly in the Prophets and
Writings.
That God will keep His part of the covenant relationship
Proud that they are maintaining traditions.
By leading good lives, Jews believe they will be rewarded by That God will
send the Messiah
They will be given back their Holy Land.
Happiness in the world to come. The good will be rewarded and the
wicked punished.
Reward – being close to God (heaven). Punishment – a cleansing
process (hell), souls are cleansed of sins so they can enter God's
presence.
AO1 [4]
GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 179
(d)
'Jews must always observe all the mitzvot (commandments).'
Do you agree or disagree? Give two reasons for your answer. You must
include reference to religious beliefs in your answer.
Reasons that can be given include:
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(e)
They are the words of God and must be obeyed.
Some are chukim to test the Jews' faith.
It helps build personal character and establish a fair and just society.
It maintains their Jewish identity.
Too many – 613. Only the Ten Commandments are necessary.
Some of the commandments are obsolete.
Interpretations regarding some of the commandments vary therefore it is
impossible to observe them.
Can be a good citizen without obeying all the commandments.
Conscience and personal conviction are more important.
AO2 [4]
'The most important role of a Rabbi is to encourage Jews to maintain the
Jewish way of life'.'
Do you agree? Give reasons or evidence for your answer, showing that you
have considered more than one point of view.
Points that could be discussed include:
 His involvement with young people to encourage them to maintain the
Jewish way of life – conducting study sessions, preparing boys/girls for
coming of age ceremonies, addressing the young regarding the history
and importance of maintaining the faith.
 Holding adult classes, encouraging Jews to marry Jews and raise a
Jewish family maintaining customs and traditions – Kashrut, Shabbat
observance, celebration of festivals etc.
 Encouraging Jews to use the synagogue on a regular basis. For Prayer,
Assembly, Study, Socialising, School, and House of Law.
 It could be argued that it is the role of parents to maintain the Jewish way
of life and to encourage their children to do so. The Rabbi has other timeconsuming roles.
 Rabbi's role as spiritual leader is important – leads prayers, reads sidra,
preaches in the Synagogue on special occasions - weddings, funerals and
festivals.
 Pastoral role is important – visiting the sick, those in prison, mourners,
caring for Jewish university students.
 Role as counsellor – marriage guidance counsellor, gives guidance
regarding kashrut, he judges disputes, is part of the local Beth Din.
AO2 [8]
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GCSE RELIGIOUS STUDIES SPECIFICATION A Specimen Assessment Materials 180
Religious Studies Judaism
SPECIFICATION A – UNIT 8: JUDAISM
AO1/A02
Q
(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
TOTAL
(v)
(vi)
AO1
1. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
d
2. a
4
8
8
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
3. a
4
4
b
4
4
c
4
d
4
4
e
8
8
4. a
4
5
4
4
b
4
c
d
SPaG
4
4
e
AO2
4
4
e
4
4
4
8
8
48
GCE Religious Studies Specification A for assessment from 2013/ED
8 March 2012
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
48
5