244
Bohemia Band 29 (1988)
T H E 1935 P A R L I A M E N T A R Y V O T E
Jiří
IN
RUTHENIA
Sláma
With the help of the most up-to-date Statistical methods, the author seeks to reveal
the social background of the 1935 vote and to present quantitative Statements about the
voting behaviour of various social, national, and religous groups in the smallest and
least developed part of Czechoslovakia. The author shows how the Ruthenians, the
Magyars, and the other nationalities of Ruthenia participated in the electoral outcome
of the different parties with their varied relations to the Czechoslovak State. In
addition, he interprets the role played by the most important social strata, above all the
farmers, the urban middle class, and the agricultural and urban workers as well as the
religious communities.
T H E W O R K I N G CLASS I N T H E FIRST
CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC
Elements of Social Structure, Organization, and Political Culture
Peter
Heumos
The small factory structure, the means of conflict resolution of political proportionality, and the trade union organizations which were closely connected with it, shaped
the social attitudes and political culture of the working class of the First Czechoslovak
Republic. These factors caused a high degree of conformity of the working class with
narrow social milieu, as for example the tariff level, the development of strikes, and the
forms of managerial representation of interests illustrate. The low level of generalization of the conflict between capital and labor led to an ideological dedramatization of
industrial capitalism, that was also advanced by the social status of the working class,
which oscilated for the most part between the Proletariat and the small holder.
BRITISH ATTITUDES TOWARD
CZECHOSLOVAKIA,
1944-1945
Vilém
Prečan
Employing numerous British sources from the Public Record Office in London, the
author demonstrates, citing various examples, how the attempts of the Czechoslovak
government in exile to insure British influence or even their presence on Czechoslovak
territory were met with reservation or rejection from the British government in 1944
and 1945. In terms of politics, the government in exile appears to have been somewhat
more successful: the British government agreed that the Czechoslovak government
should exercise legal rights over borders dating from 31 December 1937 following the
armistice with Germany. The British, however, gave no promises in support of Czech
demands and plans on the question of the "evacuation" of the Germans until the deci­
sions of the Potsdam Conference in July 1945.