Keeping an Eye on the Bioeconomy
Colja Laane, Netherlands Genomics Initiative
12 April, Helsinki
Transition to bioeconomy
From
To
Fossils
Renewables
Shareholders
Stakeholders
Fragmentation
Integration
Barriers
Carriers
Adoption
From fossils to renewables
3rd
2nd
1st
Sustainable energy,
Renewable materials
Oil, gas, combustion engine
Coal, steam machine
Industrial revolutions
Time
‘We are addicted to oil’
(Bush, 2006)
Alternative, renewable resources
Wind
Water
Nuclear
Solar
Photons, electrons,
particles
Plants
Algae
Atoms (C,H,O…)
Electricity
Molecules
Power, heat….
Materials…
Transition to a sustainable bioeconomy
Society
Me
Scope bioeconomy in the EU
Sectors
•
•
•
•
•
Food
Agriculture
Paper/pulp
Forestry/Wood
Fisheries & Aquaculture
• Bio-based industries
Transforming plants into products by
bio-based industries (1)
PRODUCE BIOMASS
CONVERT BIOMASS*
PRODUCE BIO-BASED PRODUCTS
(White) Biotech conversion
Sustainable available
(parts) of crops/plants
Biospecialties
-Pharmaceuticals
-Food/feed ingredients
-Fine chemicals
>97%
(Base)chemicals
& materials
Algae
Fuels
Sustainable available energy
crops
(Thermo)chemical
conversion
Waste
<3%
* Biomass for heat and electricity production not included
** Source: McKinsey (2011) and E&Y (2012)
Sales biotech route**
€ 48-100 b (2007, ~60% EU)
€ 135-153 b (2012)
€ 290-450 b (2020)
Transforming plants into products by
bio-based industries (2)
PRODUCE BIOMASS
CONVERT BIOMASS*
PRODUCE BIO-BASED PRODUCTS
(White) Biotech conversion
Sustainable available
(parts) of crops/plants
Biospecialties
-Pharmaceuticals
-Food/feed ingredients
-Fine chemicals
>97%
(Base)chemicals
& materials
Algae
Fuels
Sustainable available energy
crops
(Thermo)chemical
conversion
Waste
<3%
* Biomass for heat and electricity production not included
** McKinsey (2011)
Fuels biotech route**
€ 35 b (2007)
€ 65 b (2012, 1st generation)
€ 150 b (2020, 2nd+chemical)
Transforming plants into products by
bio-based industries (3)
Two-stage catalytic depolymerization
of lignin into bulk chemicals
Prof. Bert Weckhuysen
Transforming plants into products by
bio-based industries (4)
Chemical conversion
Transforming plants into products by
bio-based industries (5)
Chemical routes to lower olefins
C2-C4
H2-CO
….With Fe Nanoparticles
Prof. K. de Jong
World chemical sales by region
Source: Cefic 2011
Bio-share today….
Power & heat
Transportation
Chemicals
On all fronts still a lot to gain!!
Source: McKinsey 2011
Biosuccinic acid…hot topic!
ARD/DNP/PTT
•
Bioamber/BDO
•
E.coli
DSM/Roquette
•
•
Biosuccinium
Yeast
Myriant
•
•
Biosuccinate
E.coli
MBI International
•
•
Biosuccinate/polybutylenesuccinate
Actinobacillus succinogenes
BASF/CSM
•
Basfia succiniproducens
Mitsubishi/Ajinomoto
•
Corynebacterium
8 kg CO2 reduction w.r.t. 1 kg fossil based diacid
1 kg CO2 reduction per pair of shoes
Bio-ethylene….go bulk! (1)
The ARG pipeline and associated pipelines connects about 18
million tons ethylene derivative capacity
2 440
2 245
2 218
1 690
Rotterdam
Oberhausen Marl
1 380
Terneuzen
Antwerpen
Feluy
Geleen
1 180
Köln
Jemeppe
945
Frankfurt/Main
ETHYLENE
DERIVATIVE
CAPACITY
[KTON/A]
Ludwigshafen
Other
Total
Source: ARG
(Aethylen Rohrleitungs Gesellschaft) , Accenture
890
890
4 105
17 983
bio ethylene Colja Laane.pptx
16
Bio-ethylene….hot topic! (4)
Dutch consortium
•
Bio-ethylene and derivatives from sugar beet
Chemtex
•
Bio-ethylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol
Total Petrochemicals, IFP Energies, Axens
•
Bio-ethylene
Braskem
•
Bioethylene from sugar cane (Brazil)
LanXess
•
•
Bioethylene from Braskem
Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer  rubber
Dow Chemicals
•
Bio-ethylene and polymers
Solvay
•
Bio-ethylene and polymers
Bio-based chemicals are increasingly
becoming sustainable….next steps
Towards zero waste biorefineries
• re/upcycle microbial biomass
• reuse inorganics (e.g. CO2, salts)
• valorize other organics (e.g. proteins, lipids, lignin)
In 2020 biorefining € 225 bln per year (WEF, 2010)
Next steps…an integrated bioeconomy
programme and pilot plant in the Netherlands
Workpackages
• BioEnergy & Biochemicals
• Biorefining
• Biobased Materials
Biotech and thermo-chemical conversions at Delft
Total investment 75 mln/y
Prof. Luuk van der Wielen
Transition to sustainable economy
From
To
Fossils
Renewables
Shareholders
Stakeholders
Fragmentation
Integration
Barriers
Carriers
From shareholders to stakeholders
Collectivism
(Communism)
1st
Idealism
BE
Ecologism?
Barter/lease?
3rd
2nd
Materialism
(Capitalism, possession, global)
Individualism
(Populism, regional)
Societal evolution
After: Prof. Klaas van Egmond
Transition to sustainable economy
From
To
Fossils
Renewables
Shareholders
Stakeholders
Fragmentation
Integration
Barriers
Carriers
From fragmentation to integration: R&D (1)
…in the old days…
Source: NRC
From fragmentation to integration: R&D (2)
microbiologists
product
developers
bioinformaticians
engineers
enzymologists
patent
lawyers
operators
Metabolic network as a metaphor for R&D
network
Which countries have the highest R&D efficiency?
(2000-2004)
High efficiency
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Germany
Denmark
USA
The Netherlands
Belgium
Ireland
Finland
Medium efficiency
•
•
•
•
•
Italy
Sweden
Japan
Australia
France
Low efficiency
•
•
•
•
•
South Korea
UK
Spain
Poland
Czech
Schmidt-Ehmcke & Zloczysti, Centre for Economic Policy Research
(www.cepr.org/pubs/dps/DP8579.asp)
From fragmentation to integration: RRI
Make innovations sensitive and responsive to societal
expectations and views from the very outset
License to innovate…
From fragmentation to integration: Innovation
training
coaching
financing
connecting
System approach to innovation…
From fragmentation to integration: Industry
Bio-based value chain: multidisciplinary, multi-company
License
operate…
Rob vanto
Leen CIO
DSM at VNCI – 2012—01-20
From fragmentation to integration: Policy making
(EUnited in Diversity)
Biofuels TP
ETAP
ETPs
EU Climate
Change Policy SusChem, etc)
FP7
ERA-Net
DG Environment DG Research
Financing IB SMEs
DG …
CAP
EU Biobased
Economy
DG Agriculture
Reform sugar regime
EU strategy for Biofuels
DG Sanco
Lead market Initiative
KET Action plan
DG Industry
Biofuels Directives
DG Energy
and Transport
GM food/feed regulation
Food enzyme legislation
Biomass Action Plan
System approach is required between all relevant
EU parties to arrive at coherent and transformative policy!
Integrated approach….
From fragmentation to integration: Stakeholders
patient
organisations
R&D
EU
government
NGOs
institutes
US
academia
logistics
industry
investors
insurance
companies
For innovations a systems approach is required
between all relevant stakeholders
Transition to sustainable economy
From
To
Fossils
Renewables
Shareholders
Stakeholders
Fragmentation
Integration
Barriers
Carriers
From barriers to carriers
Mental
Legal
Policy
Educational
Financial
:
:
:
:
:
Lack of ambition/vision/support
Legislations, regulations: no level playing field
Lack of coherence/continuity
Lack of talent
Limited/fragmented
Fossil (oil, gas, coal)
Renewable
Investments of (Dutch) banks (€ bln)
Funding for the bioeconomy in the EU
Sectors
•
•
•
•
•
•
Food
Agriculture
Paper/pulp
Forestry/Wood
Fisheries & Aquaculture
Bio-based industries
EU Funding bioeconomy (€ mln)
90.000
111*
267*
242
150**
283
665
80.000
70.000
60.000
BE per year
50.000
Total Budget
40.000
Bioeconomy
30.000
20.000
10.000
0
Year
1.335*
1.210
753**
1.980
FP3
FP4
FP5
FP6
FP7
1990
1994
1998
2002
2007
557*
4.661
Horizon
2014
* incl. healthcare
**mainly food quality/safety
Concluding remarks
Transition to bioeconomy is still in its infancy
Mental, legal and institutional barriers dominate
Government is essential in facilitating transition
Coherent policy and governance is needed
Stimulate informed dialoque with society
Think global act/excel local
Systems approach at all levels between all relevant
stakeholders is required to succeed
The Future in 2006 is.........
2006
The Future in 2012 is even.........