Name ___________________________________________ per ______ date_______
Campbell Biology, 9th Ed.
Chapter 38: Angiosperm Reproduction
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of lined paper. Draw and label diagrams on this paper as well.
1. Draw and label a diagram showing the alternation of generations in the angiosperm life cycle. Be sure to include:
sporophyte, gametophyte, spore, sperm, egg, zygote, embryo, fertilization, meiosis, mitosis, seed.
2. Explain the how a pollen grain develops from a microspore.
3. Explain what occurs in an ovule to produce an egg.
4. What occurs during:
a. Pollination
b. Fertilization
c. Germination
5. Describe the process of double fertilization.
6. What structures give rise to the:
a. Embryo
b. Seed
c. Fruit
7. What are the evolutionary advantages of a seed?
8. List some environmental cues that may be required to break seed dormancy.
9. Describe the process of seed germination.
10. What is the purpose of fruit? What are the various methods of seed dispersal?
11. What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual versus sexual reproduction?
12. List some mechanisms used by plants to prevent self-fertilization.
Name ___________________________________________ per ______ date _______
Chapter 39: Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals
Answer all questions on a separate sheet of lined paper. Re-draw tables and/or diagrams to complete.
1. Define and provide an example for each of the following terms:
a. Phototropism
i. Positive tropism
ii. Negative tropism
b. Gravitropism
c. Thigmotropism
2. Describe the early experiments on phototropism. What conclusions were drawn from these experiments?
3. Fill in the chart below on plant hormones.
Plant Hormone
Where Produced or Found in Plant
Auxin
Cytokinin
Gibberellins
Abscisic acid
Ethylene
4. How do plants detect and regulate their responses to light?
5. What is photoperiodism?
6. Describe the following terms and provide an example:
a. Short-day plants
b. Long-day plants
c. Day-neutral plants
7. How might plants respond to the following environmental
stresses?
a. Drought
b. Flooding
c. Salt stress
d. Heat stress
e. Cold stress
8. How do plants defend itself against herbivores and
pathogens?
Major Functions
SEEDLESS NONVASCULAR PLANTSMosses, Liverwort, Hornwort
NAKED SEED VASCULAR PLANTS
Conifers, cycads, ginko
SEEDLESS VASCULARFerns, club mosses, horsetails
VASCULAR WITH SEEDS
flowering plants
SEEDLESS
NONVASCULAR
Examples
DOMINANT FORM
ALTERNATE FORM
How are sperm
transferred?
Who relies on who?
Independence?
SEEDLESS
VASCULAR
NAKED SEED
VASCULAR
VASCULAR
WITH SEEDS