PROPERTIES of SOLUTIONS
*What is a solution?____________________________________________________
*What is meant by homogenous?___________________________________________
*What is the most common solvent?______________________
*What do we call solutions made with that solvent?________________________
1.
Explain why these three factors increase the rate at which a solute dissolves:
Stirring
Particle Size
Higher
Temperature
2.
Define SOLUBILITY:
3.
Define these three types of solutions:
a)
SATURATED:
 What 2 states of matter are in a dynamic equilibrium in a saturated solution? ___________
4.
b)
UNSATURATED:
c)
SUPERSATURATED:
Describe how a supersaturated solution can be made:
 What happens if this solution is disturbed by the presence of a seed crystal?
5.
Define CONCENTRATION:
 What do we dilute with? ____________________!
6.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is sold in stores as a 3% solution. What does that mean?
 What other measures of concentration are seen in the consumer world?
a)
7.
A water quality test finds that there are 36 mg of mercury in a 750 g sample of
drinking water. What is that concentration in parts per million (ppm)?
The SI unit for concentration is MOLARITY (M). Define it:
a) What is the Molarity of a 5.0 L solution made with 20 moles of glucose?
b) What is the Molarity of a 5.0 L solution made with 2700 grams of glucose?
(C6H12O6)
c) How many grams of glucose are needed to make 5.00 L of a 2.20 M solution
of glucose (C6H12O6)?
d) What equation involving Molarity helps us make necessary lab dilutions?
 Mr. Senn has 12 M stock HCl and needs to make 1500 mL of a 4.0 M HCl solution for a lab.
*HOW DOES HE DO THIS?*
*Besides the obvious…awesomely!
8.
COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES of SOLUTIONS
 These properties of solutions depend on the number of dissolved solute particles in a
solvent. The two most important for us are:
a)
boiling point elevation:
b)
freezing point lowering:
9.
Since these colligative properties depend on the number of dissolved particles, a substance
that dissociates into more particles will have a more drastic effect on the boiling and
freezing points of the solvent. Each substance can be said to have a dissociation factor:
how many particles will the substance break in to? Let’s figure out these dissociation
factors:
a)
NaCl ______
d)


b)
Al2(SO4)3 ______
CaBr2 ______
e)
c)
CaSO4 ______
C6H12O6 ______
All molecular compounds have a dissociation factor of _________!
Knowing what you know about the colligative properties of solutions, explain the
purpose and function of putting antifreeze/coolant in the radiator of your car!
 What other fluid in your car is affected by the colligative properties of solutions?