NAME: ___________________________
1. What was the Truman Doctrine?
The U.S. initiative to provide aid to countries fighting off communism.
2. At the Yalta Conference Allies agreed to divided this country into zones of
Allied military occupation
Germany
3. What were the main goals of the newly established international
organization the United Nation?
Keeping peace and settling disputes among different nations.
4. A ______ ________ is a struggle over political differences carried on by
means short of military action or war.
5. This organization was created between the U.S., Canada and Western
European countries to form a defensive alliance.
Cold war
6. What was the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance between the Soviet Union and surrounding communist
nations.
7. What was Stalin’s main goal at the conclusion of WWII?
To keep the Soviet Union safe from invasion.
8. What is Brinkmanship?
9. This American program provided economic aid to help European
countries rebuild after WWII?
Being at the edge of war AND being willing to go to war.
Marshall Plan
10. What was the Berlin Airlift?
The U.S. flying in shipments of necessary supplies to West Berlin in
response to the Soviet Union’s attempt to hold the city hostage, without
supplies.
11. Who was Mao Zedong?
Communist Revolutionary leader in China, responsible for the Great Leap
Forward.
The Great Leap Forward
12. This plan was designed to modernize Chinese society with
industrialization and farming collectives.
13. Who were the Red Guards?
14. What was the goal of the Chinese “Cultural Revolution”?
15. What was the ultimate result of Mao’s radical communist policies?
NATO
High School and College students from China who led the Cultural
Revolution.
Establishing equality among all people in China, especially focusing on
making the farmer/worker equal.
They were a failure, led to uprisings and dislike of Mao.
16. The idea that if one nation falls under communist control, nearby nations
will also fall under communist control…
17. What was the U.S. foreign policy of containment?
Domino Theory
18. What was the significance of the 38th Parallel in Korea?
It divided North and South Korea, North being Communist and South anticommunist/democratic.
General Douglas MacArthur.
19. What American General commanded the international forces that aided
the South Koreans?
20. What effects did the Korean War have on the Korean people and the
nation?
21. Who was Ho Chi Minh?
Trying to keep communism from spreading.
Extreme division between the two different countries and the people,
South Korea developing alliances with democratic nations and benefiting
from trade, North Korea the opposite.
Leader of Communist movement in Vietnam.
22. How did Vietnam become divided?
23. What role did the policy of containment play in the involvement of the
U.S. in the war in Vietnam?
24. What difficulties did the U.S. face fighting the war in Vietnam?
25. This was President Nixon’s Plan to gradually pull out U.S. Troops from
Vietnam, allowing the South Vietnamese to increase their combat role?
26. Who was Pol Pot?
27. What is meant by a Third World nation?
Vietnam’s anti-communist leader Ngo Dinh Diem was corrupt and
supported by the U.S.
Nationalist groups in North Vietnam formed and led to uprisings & war.
The U.S. sent military and financial aid to Vietnam to fight against the
communist groups.
The jungle terrain was unknown to U.S. and they were very unpopular in
Vietnam.
Vietnamization
Cambodian dictator, leader of the Khmer Rouge which led the Genocide in
Cambodia.
A nation that is still developing.
28. Independent countries that remained neutral during the Cold War
were called?
Non-aligned Nations.
29. Who was the communist revolutionary that took control of Cuba?
Fidel Castro.
30. How did the Soviet Union respond to the Bay of Pigs?
Built Missile sites and brought in missiles to Cuba.
31. How was the Cuban Missile Crisis Resolved?
32. Why did the United States support the shah of Iran?
Negotiation: Soviet Union dismantled and took missiles out of Cuba, U.S.
promised not to invade Cuba and took out their missiles from Turkey in 6
months.
He idolized Western ideals and was aligned with the U.S.
33. Why did the Soviet Union invade Afghanistan?
There were anti-communist uprisings in Afghanistan.
34. In what ways did the Soviet actions hamper Eastern Europe’s
economic recovery after WWII?
The Soviet Union was in control of the economies of the Satellite Nations
so they couldn’t recover as quickly.
35. Who replaced Stalin after his death as the new leader of the Soviet
Union?
Nikita Khrushchev
36. How did the Soviet Union deal with uprisings in its Poland,
Czechoslovakia and Hungary?
37. What policies characterized realpolitik?
Invaded and shut down uprisings, killing the protestors.
38. What U.S. President visited China and the U.S.S.R.?
Negotiating, being practical and rational when dealing with foreign
nations & politicians.
Richard Nixon.
39. What was the SALT I treaty?
The agreement between the Soviet Union and the U.S. to limit their
nuclear weapons.
40. President Ronald Reagan introduced this program to protect against
enemy missiles? How did this program increase world tensions?
41. In what ways did Nixon’s and Reagan’s policies toward the U.S.S.R.
differ?
40. SDI- Strategic Defense Initiative. More countries began to build their
own nuclear weapons.
41. Nixon used détente (negotiating, more friendly) Reagan was more
aggressive, had a defense plan, and did not want “friendships”
w/communist nations.