Hubble Space Telescope Program
The Evolution of Ground Systems
on Hubble
and Future NASA Missions
Goddard Space Flight Center
Presented to:
2004 Ground Systems Architecture Workshop
March 31, 2004
Preston Burch
HST Program Manager
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
Goddard Space Flight Center
Weight
Length
Diameter
Optical System
Primary mirror
Pointing accuracy
Magnitude range
Wavelength range
Angular resolution
Orbit
Orbit time
24,500 lb
43.5 ft
14 ft (Aft Shroud)
Ritchey-Chretien design
Cassegrain telescope
94.5 in. dia.
0.007 arcsec for 24 hours
5mv to 30 mv (visual magnitude)
1,100 to 24,000 Å
0.1 arcsec at 6328 Å
320 nmi, inclined at 28.5 degrees
97 minutes per orbit
HST Science Program
HST Scientific Instruments
WF/PC 2
ACS
NICMOS
FGS
STIS
HST Observing Program
z 200 GO&AR Programs/year
z 10,000 Exposures/month
z 563 U.S. Astronomers from 33 states *
z 261 non-U.S. astronomers from 28
countries *
z 1,600 registered archival users
z 9 terabytes total archive
* Cycle 11 results
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST Spacecraft
Goddard Space Flight Center
High gain antenna
Equipment Section
Secondary
mirror
Primary
mirror
Aperture door
Fine Guidance Sensor (3)
Aft Shroud
Forward Shell and
Light Shield
Solar Arrays
Axial Scientific
Instruments
Rate Sensor Units
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HUBBLE MISSIONS
Hubble Space Telescope Program
SM4
De-Orbit
Mission
Goddard Space Flight Center
SM3B
SM3A
Cosmic Origins Spectrograph
Wide Field Camera 3
Fine Guidance Sensor
Aft Shroud Cooling System
Batteries
Gyros
Advanced Camera
Solar Arrays
Power Control Unit
NICMOS Cooling System
SM2
Gyros
Advanced Computer
Fine Guidance Sensor
SM1
Launch!
Imaging Spectrograph
Near Infrared Camera
Fine Guidance Sensor
Wild Field Planetary Camera 2
COSTAR
Gyros
Solar Arrays
1990 1993 1997 1999 2002 2006 2010
010904_PMB_HST_Carliner.ppt
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
Hubble Space Telescope Observatory
Commands
Science Data
Engineering Data
ST ScI
Research
Proposals
Data
Products
Command GSFC
Loads
Data
Sets
Science Program Admin
Science Planning
Mission Scheduling
Data Processing
Science Analysis
Archive
Real Time Control
Engineering Analysis
Orbit Determination
Science Data Capture
Servicing Operations
11/19/01
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST Ground System - Late 1970s/1980s/1990
Goddard Space Flight Center
Proposal
Planning
Front End
SOGS
Interim
Archive
STScI
(Code S)
PORTS
PASS
TDRSS/HST
Observers
STOCC
(Code O)
Requirements Emphasis:
–
–
–
Initial HST in-orbit check-out
Science Operations
Pre-launch science instrument I&T
Computer Hardware:
–
–
–
Dec VAX 11/785 and VAX 8650
PDP11 front ends (TACs)
VT-100 “dumb” terminals evolved to “smart” terminals
Flight Ops Staff:
–
–
Check-out: 20-30/shift
Normal ops: ~9/team
STScI Staff:
–
–
Original estimate: ~100 total
Launch (4/1990): ~400 total
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
8
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
9
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST SM3B Shuttle Profile
Goddard Space Flight Center
Second Axial Carrier (SAC)
Rigid Array Carrier (RAC)
Multi-Use Lightweight
Equipment (MULE) Carrier
Flight Support System (FSS)
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST Ground System - 1990 to 1993
Goddard Space Flight Center
Proposal
Planning
Front End
SOGS
PASS
PRS
TDRSS/HST
Observers
Interim
Archive
STOCC
(Code O)
STScI
(Code S)
Engineering
Data Archives
- ESS1 and 2
- LOTTS
Requirements Emphasis: – On-orbit servicing
Computer Hardware: – Distributed decomm architecture
–
–
–
VAX 4400 servers
Micro VAX (4000, Model 90) work stations
~100 work stations
Flight Ops Staff: – Servicing: ~150/shift (~300 total)
–
Normal ops: ~6/team
STScI Staff: – ~400 total
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Servicing Mission Operations at the STOCC
13
Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST Ground System - 1994 to 2000
Goddard Space Flight Center
Proposal
Planning
Front End
SOGS
CCS
PASS
TDRSS/HST
Observers
Hubble Data
Archive
STScI
(Code S)
- DADS
STOCC
(Code S)
Engineering
Data Archive
- Data Warehouse
- All Points Archive
Requirements Emphasis: – Re-engineering
Computer Hardware: – Server/client - Unix platform
–
–
Multi-server SGI Origin 2200
Work stations - Dell PCs, Model 400
Software: – COTS + GOTS + Legacy + Custom
Architecture: – Secure core system and backbone protected by multiple firewalls
Flight Ops Staff: – Servicing: ~150/shift (~300 total)
–
Normal Ops: 3/team
STScI Staff: – ~400 total
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Monthly Archived Science Data
Goddard Space Flight Center
90
80
SM4
70
Gbytes
60
50
44x
40
30
SM3B
20
10
1.5
0 1990
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000 2001
2003
2005
2007
15
Hubble Space Telescope Program
HST Ground System Elements
Goddard Space Flight Center
RPS2/APT
Proposals
S
C
I
E
N
C
E
C
O
M
M
U
N
I
T
Y
Standard &
Value-Added
Products
Jg Ver01, 9/9/02
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Proposal Entry
Review &
Selection
TRANS
SPIKE
Proposal
Transformation
Science
Planning
SPSS
PASS/MSCL
Science
Scheduling
UPS
Mission
Schedule
TDRSS
Schedules
- Calendars
- Schedules
GSSS
FHST
Guide Star
Library
HST &
TDRS Orbit
CCS
Command
Management
Real-Time
Command &
Control
OPUS/ARCHIVE
Real-Time
Science
Operations
FDF
DSMC
Network
Control &
Scheduling
JSC
Orbiter
TLM
PRD
Project
Reference
Database
Data
Archiving
Post Observation
Data
Processing
Orbiter
Command
& Control
JPL
DSN
Command &
Telemetry
Data
Analysis
Data Archive,
Calibration:
Special Analysis
& Distribution
WSC
PACOR-A
TDRSS
Interface
Science
Data
Capture
SCIENCE SYSTEMS
MISSION SYSTEMS
16
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Vision 2000 System Architecture
Goddard Space Flight Center
Science Data
Flight Software
P&S
Raw Science
Data
SSM-486
Science Institute
PACOR II
Command & Data Handling
Pointing Control,
Recorder Mgt., Failure Mgt.
Proposal Entry, Planning,
Mission Scheduling,
Command Load Generation
Orbit Data Processing
Proposals
SDP
Science Data Processing,
Astrometry Data Processing,
Science Data Archive,
Space
Network
Science
Data
Commands,
Telemetry, Schedules
Remote Users
Shuttle Data
Payload Data & Commands
JSC &
KSC
Mission Operations
CCS
Engineering Data Processing,
Monitor & Control,
Engineering Data Archive
Engineering Data Trending,
Attitude Determination,
Command Uplink,
Data Downlink,
Service Mission Support
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Commands,
Schedule Data,
Engineering Data
Orbit Data
Engineering
Support Offices
Anomaly Resolution
Planning,
Engineering Activities,
Safemode Response
Public Outreach
for Engineering
Activities
17
Hubble Space
Space Telescope
Telescope Program
Program
Hubble
Vision 2000 Development
Goddard Space Flight Center
BALL, G’BURG - ACS/COS
NBB - 486
B29 - VOCC/VEST
DASDF - DF224
ESTIF - SIs
TRAILERS
B23 - PRF
STScI
DANBURY - FTS
STOCC
OPERATIONS
5 multi-server strings
21 single-processor systems
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
Summary
z Hubble ground systems have evolved as IT environment
changed over the past 25 years
– IT made many rapid advances, e.g., PCs, Internet, fiber optic
communications, high density data storage, and COTS S/W products
– HST ground systems went from mainframe based VMS systems to
UNIIX based distributed architecture
– New challenges surfaced, e.g., IT security
z Hubble operational requirements expanded from supporting a
conventional pre-planned LEO robotic type mission to real time
servicing mission using astronauts and Space Shuttle
z High cost of operating and maintaining original Hubble ground
systems necessitated massive re-engineering in the mid to late
1990s (Vision 2000)
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
Future NASA Missions
z Potential robotic servicing of Hubble
z Large scale observatories in space
z Lunar Testbeds
z Mars Research
z Outer Moons Research
z Human Exploration and Colonization
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HST Robotic Servicing Concept
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
Hubble Recovery Vehicle
Approaching HST
HRV Robotic Arm
Capturing HST
Shroud
Separation
Launch!
033104_MW_Robotic_Concept.ppt
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
HRV Servicing HST
21
21
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
A Drawing of Humans and Advanced Robotic
Assistants Building a Space Telescope
22
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
An Artist’s Concept of Lunar Exploration
23
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Spacecraft, Equipped with a Centrifuge and
Nuclear-Electric Propulsion, Traveling to Mars
24
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Solar System and Beyond - Exploration Roadmap
25
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
033104_PMB_Evolution.ppt
Exploration Building Blocks will Provide
the Capabilities Necessary for Exploration
of the Solar System and Beyond
26
Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
Implications on Future Ground Systems for Long
Duration Programs/Missions
z High bandwidth laser based communications over long
distances
z High capability “ground systems” on Lunar and Mars stations
– Scientific data collection and operations
– Housekeeping support for human facility operations
– Human medical support
z Operation and support of extensive robotic capabilities
z Higher reliability and longer service life
z In-the-field repairability and re-configurability
z Programmatic ability to evolve as requirements and
technologies change
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
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Hubble Space Telescope Program
Goddard Space Flight Center
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