Cell Division Review
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____
1. Each human somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome for a total of 23 homologous
chromosomes.
____
2. Gametes are diploid so that when fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote will have the characteristic number
of chromosomes for that species.
____
3. Cells spend most of their lifetime in interphase.
____
4. Asexual reproduction occurs by mitosis.
____
5. During telophase, a nuclear envelope surrounds each new set of chromosomes.
____
6. Chromatids separate from each other during telophase.
____
7. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each new cell has a complete set of the original cell’s chromosomes.
____
8. Meiosis results in the formation of haploid cells from diploid cells.
____
9. Meiosis produces four nuclei that have a different chromosome number from the original cell’s nucleus.
____ 10. While paired together during the second division of meiosis, two chromosomes may exchange segments of
DNA.
____ 11. Malignant cancer is the form that has spread throughout the body.
____ 12. A biopsy is the removal of tissue from a tumor to detect signs of cancer.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 13. Chromatids are
a. dense patches within the nucleus.
b. bacterial chromosomes.
c. joined strands of duplicated genetic material.
d. prokaryotic nuclei.
____ 14. A diploid cell is one that
a. has two homologues of each chromosome.
b. is designated by the symbol 2n.
c. has chromosomes found in pairs.
d. All of the above
____ 15. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?
a. 4
c. 12
b. 8
d. 16
____ 16. growth : G1 ::
a. mitosis : meiosis
c. cytokinesis : M
b. mitochondria replication : S
d. DNA copying : S
____ 17. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cell division, each of the two new cells
formed from the original cell
a. gets 23 chromosomes.
b. grows new chromosomes from existing DNA.
c. gets a complete set of 46 chromosomes.
d. None of the above
____ 18. Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following correctly indicates the order in which these events
occur?
a. “A,” “B,” “C,” “D”
c. “B,” “A,” “C,” “D”
b. “C,” “B,” “A,” “D”
d. “A,” “C,” “B,” “D”
____ 19. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide?
a. “A”
c. “C”
b. “B”
d. “D”
____ 20. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Prokaryotes divide by mitosis.
b. Eukaryotes have circular chromosomes.
c. Animal cells form new cell walls when they divide.
d. Cytokinesis differs in plant cells and animal cells.
____ 21. Separation of homologues occurs during
a. mitosis.
c. meiosis II.
b. meiosis I.
d. fertilization.
____ 22. The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that
a. the chromosomes line up at the equator in anaphase I.
b. centromeres do not exist in anaphase I.
c. chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I.
d. crossing-over occurs only in anaphase of mitosis.
____ 23. When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes
a. mutate in the first division.
b. produce new genes.
c. decrease in number.
d. exchange corresponding segments of DNA.
____ 24. Creates cross section views using small amounts of radiation to view particular organs to detect abnormalities.
a. biopsy
c. CT Scan
b. MRI
d. X-Ray
____ 25. Method(s) used to treat cancer include
a. removal of tumor
c. radiation
b. chemotherapy
d. all the above
Completion
Complete each statement.
26. Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two ____________________, which are
attached to each other by a centromere.
27. “Cables” made of microtubules that extend from the poles of a cell to the centromeres during cell division are
called ____________________.
28. After a new nuclear membrane forms during telophase of mitosis or meiosis, the ____________________
divides, resulting in two cells.
29. A reciprocal exchange of corresponding segments of DNA is called ____________________.
30. A
function of organs.
uses magnets and radiation to detect abnormalities in the structure and
31. The cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females are called ____________________.
32. Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2 is called ____________________.
33. In mitosis, anaphase follows ____________________.
34. During cell division, plant cells form a new ____________________ in the center of the cell.
35. In eukaryotic cells, ____________________ takes place after the nucleus divides.
36. The stage of meiosis during which homologues line up along the equator of the cell is called
____________________.
37. After a new nuclear membrane forms during telophase of mitosis or meiosis, the ____________________
divides, resulting in two cells.
38. The process called ____________________ guarantees that the number of chromosomes in gametes is half
the number of chromosomes in body cells.
39. A reciprocal exchange of corresponding segments of DNA is called ____________________.
40. The cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females are called ____________________.
Essay & Drawing
41. Compare and contract mitosis and meiosis.
Cell Division Review
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F
Each human somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome for a total of 23 homologous pairs.
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-1.3
2. ANS: F
Gametes are haploid so that when fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote will have the characteristic
number of chromosomes for that species.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-1.3
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
ANS: F
Chromatids separate from each other during anaphase.
OBJ: 8-2.2
OBJ: 8-2.3
OBJ: 8-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-2.3
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-2.4
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-3.2
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: I
OBJ: 8-3.2
ANS: F
While paired together during the first division of meiosis, two chromosomes may exchange segments of
DNA.
PTS: 1
11. ANS: T
12. ANS: T
DIF: I
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
OBJ: 8-3.3
ANS: C
ANS: D
ANS: D
ANS: D
(occurs during)
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
I
I
I
OBJ: 8-1.1
OBJ: 8-1.4
OBJ: 8-1.4
PTS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
DIF:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
OBJ:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
8-2.2
I
II
II
I
I
OBJ:
OBJ:
OBJ:
OBJ:
OBJ:
MULTIPLE CHOICE
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
1
C
C
A
D
B
II
1
1
1
1
1
8-2.3
8-2.3
8-2.3
8-2.4
8-3.1
22.
23.
24.
25.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
C
D
C
D
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
I
I
PTS: 1
DIF:
27. ANS: spindle fibers
I
OBJ: 8-1.1
PTS: 1
28. ANS: cytoplasm
DIF:
I
OBJ: 8-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF:
29. ANS: crossing-over
I
OBJ: 8-3.2
PTS: 1
30. ANS: MRI
I
OBJ: 8-3.3
COMPLETION
26. ANS: chromatids
PTS: 1
PROBLEM
31. ANS:
Interphase
-G1: 10
-S: 20
-G2: 20
Mitosis
-Prophase: 20
-Metaphase: 20
-Anaphase: 10+10
-Telophase: 10+10
-Cytokinesis: 10/10
Interphase
-G1: 10
-S: 20
-G2: 20
Meiosis
-Prophase I: 20
-MetaphaseI: 20
-AnaphaseI: 10+10
-TelophaseI: 10+10
-CytokinesisI: 10/10
-Prophase II: 10/10
-MetaphaseII: 10/10
DIF:
OBJ: 8-3.1
OBJ: 8-3.3
-AnaphaseII: 5+5/5+5
-TelophaseII: 5+5/5+5
-CytokinesisII: 5/5/5/5
PTS: 1
ESSAY
32. ANS:
Mitosis involves the division of a somatic cell to form 2 genetically identical daughter cells. Meiosis involves
the division of a somatic cell to form 4 daughter cells that are not genetically identical to the original because
of crossing over during prophase I and each daughter cells contains half the number of chromosomes as the
original.
When looking at the invidual steps of mitosis and meiosis, they follow the same process aside from the
following differences.
Mitosis only goes through one set of division, whereas meiosis goes through two sets of division.
Prophase of mitosis and prophase I of meiosis both involve the loss of nuclear envelope and nucleolus and the
gain of spindle fibers, however in prophase I there is also crossing over which promotes genetic variability in
the chromosomes.
Anaphase of mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids and moving to opposite poles, whereas
anaphase I of meiosis involves the separation of homologous pairs and moving to opposite poles. (essay
question on test)
PTS: 1