CHARTER OF CIVIL RIGHTS FOR A SUSTAINABLE
KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
VERSION 3.0
A CONTRIBUTION OF GERMAN CIVIL SOCIETY FOR THE
The “Charter of Civil Rights for a Sustainable Knowledge Society” calls for the unhampered and nondiscriminatory use of knowledge and information based on the principles of sustainability. The
challenge for the knowledge society consists in securing the availability of knowledge and keeping
access to information resources open. Knowledge and information are the primary means of providing
citizens with a reliable basis for action.
The Charter questions the increasing privatisation and commercialisation of knowledge and information. A society in which the intellectual property regime transforms knowledge into a scarce resource is not a sustainable society.
A knowledge society is sustainable when it preserves and promotes historically achieved human
and civil rights for future electronically determined environments.
A knowledge society is sustainable when access to knowledge is unhampered and inclusive. It is
sustainable when it promotes cooperative forms of knowledge production as the basis for innovation
and creativity.
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– A knowledge society is sustainable when its knowledge forms the basis for effective means of preserving our natural environment. The increasing consumption of natural resources currently threatening our environment is in part a result of the mass propagation of information technologies.
A knowledge society is sustainable when access to knowledge and information provides all peoples of the world with the opportunity for self-determined development in their private, professional
and public lives. It is sustainable when it preserves for future generations access to diverse media
and information resources.
A knowledge society is sustainable when development in the North is no longer carried out at the
expense of the South and when the potential of men is no longer realised at the expense of women.
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The “Charter of Civil Rights for a Sustainable Knowledge Society” is based on the following rights
and values. These must be preserved and promoted for all citizens of the global knowledge society:
1. KNOWLEDGE IS THE HERITAGE AND THE PROPERTY OF HUMANITY AND
IS THUS FREE.
Knowledge represents the reservoir from which new knowledge is created. Knowledge must therefore remain permanently accessible to the public. Limitations on public access such as copyrights
and patents must be the exception. Commercial exploitation of knowledge conflicts with the interest of society in knowledge as a public good. Knowledge as a common good must have a higher
status in the hierarchy of social values than the protection of private claims.
2. ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE MUST BE FREE.
The central objective of a knowledge society organised according to the principle of sustainability
is that access to all medial forms of knowledge must be possible for present as well as for future
generations, for all peoples, at all times, in all places and under fair conditions. This applies to all
domains of society, not only to science. Only free access to knowledge and information makes
democratic participation in public affairs possible and stimulates creativity and innovation in
science, business and culture. Only democratic control mechanisms can be allowed to limit the
principle of free access.
3. REDUCING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE MUST BE RECOGNISED AS A POLITICAL
OBJECTIVE OF HIGH PRIORITY.
The digital divide – that is, the division of the population into groups that have access to the new
media and groups that are excluded – has developed along traditional, for the most part social,
ethnic and gender divisions. The existing unjust distribution of opportunities for all is increased by
unequal access to information and communication technologies. This is a global problem which
affects the relations between countries and within societies.
It is essential to enable all citizens access to old and new media. Overcoming unequal access opportunities must take into account local conditions and specific needs and must proceed according to
sustainable principles. The establishment of public-access points and the furtherance of information and media competence will enable people both in developed and developing countries to find
their bearings in the world of media information, to evaluate the content on offer, to produce their
own content and to profit from information for their own personal pursuit of well-being.
4. EVERYONE HAS AN UNLIMITED RIGHT OF ACCESS TO THE DOCUMENTS
OF PUBLIC AND PUBLICLY CONTROLLED BODIES.
Access to information and knowledge as well as free communication are necessary prerequisites
for personal development, for political participation and for the development of humanity as a
whole. Freedom of information makes political decisions transparent, helps reduce corruption and
improves the management of information in public administrations. Classifying administrative
activities as secret must always require legitimisation by law and should be kept within a tight legal
framework.
All citizens have the right to inform themselves through publicly available resources and to have
unhampered, unfiltered access to documents of public and publicly controlled organisations –
without manipulation or control. Information and knowledge in private hands should also be accessible in case of a special public interest. Governmental and public administration institutions must
commit themselves to the comprehensive electronic publication of all information of public
interest.
The World Summit on the Information Society is held in two phases. The first phase of WSIS took place in
Geneva from 10 to 12 December 2003.The second phase of the Summit will take place in Tunis from 16 to
18 November 2005. At this Summit for the first time the international community is striving for a common
vision of and appropriate frameworks for the society, we all want to live in.
The Heinrich-Böll-Foundation aims at spreading knowledge and information about the Summit and
promoting a civil society perspective.
www.worldsummit2005.de offers background information, reports and latest news about the WSIS
process and the issues and debates around the Summit in German language.
www.worldsummit2005.org offers information and news in English thus providing a common platform for
civil society networking.
5. EMPLOYEE RIGHTS MUST BE UPHELD AND FURTHERED IN ELECTRONICALLY NETWORKED ENVIRONMENTS AS WELL.
The protection of human dignity, the right to personal development, and to equality are individual
rights of great importance in the work environment as well. A necessary prerequisite for realising
these rights for employees is the right to form coalitions, including the right to promote one's own
interests and to gather in freely elected organs of representation.
Employees must have free and uncensored Internet access at their workplace. Employees and their
representative organs must have access to the communication system (Intranet) of their company.
The right to privacy must be protected in the work environment. Electronic surveillance and userprofiling must be prevented.
6. CULTURAL DIVERSITY IS A PREREQUISITE FOR INDIVIDUAL AND
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT.
Culture is realised in languages, customs, social behavior patterns, norms and ways of life, but also
in human artifacts (such as arts, crafts and technology). The emergence of the global knowledge
society must not be allowed to lead to cultural homogenisation. Instead, the creative potential of
current information and communication technologies must be used to preserve and promote the
heterogeneity of cultures and languages as a precondition for the individual and social development
of present and future generations. A dialogue of cultures can only be realised in a climate of diversity and equal rights.
7. MEDIA DIVERSITY AND THE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION FROM
INDEPENDENT SOURCES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF AN
ENLIGHTENED PUBLIC.
Media and their content are increasingly controlled by only a few global media conglomerates. It is
a public responsibility to support existing and new forms of media participation. Non-profit media
and those public service media that are controlled by democratic structures must be extended. The
rights to freedom of opinion and to a free press must be supplemented by general rights to freedom of communication. The right to communication must include the right to participate in all
kinds of communication processes and to contribute actively to the media.
8. OPEN TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND OPEN FORMS OF TECHNICAL AND
SOFTWARE PRODUCTION GUARANTEE THE FREE DEVELOPMENT OF
INFRASTRUCTURES AND THUS SELF-DETERMINED AND FREE COMMUNICATION FORMS.
Proprietary solutions in regard to protocols and standards in network technology, computer architecture and software application lead to the formation of monopolies and are detrimental to innovation. When governments hold monopolies on infrastructures and when private-sector players
have proprietary monopolies on technologies, there is the additional danger that the power to set
standards will affect content and lead to restrictions in the freedom of information and communication. Only open technical standards will promote free and open software development and selfdetermined communication.
9. THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IS A HUMAN RIGHT AND IS ESSENTIAL FOR
FREE AND SELF-DETERMINED HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY.
Respect for privacy allows for both participation and detachment in regard to social activities and
opportunities. Every person must have the right to decide freely whether and in what manner
he/she wants to receive information and communicate with others. The possibility of receiving
information anonymously, irrespective of the source, must be ensured for everyone.
The power of the private sector and of governments over information increases the risk of manipulative access and surveillance and must be kept to a legally legitimized minimum. The collection,
analysis and release of personal data – no matter by whom – should remain under the control of
the individual concerned.
The “Charter of Civil Rights for a Sustainable Knowledge Society” was instigated by the Heinrich Böll
Foundation (www.boell.de) as a contribution to the preparatory process of the “World Summit on the
Information Society” (WSIS) on behalf of German civil society entities and individuals.
The first draft was submitted to the second Preparatory Committee (PrepCom2) of the “World Summit
on the Information Society” in January 2003.The present revised version incorporates suggestions and criticisms voiced in intensive offline and online discussions in spring and early summer of 2003.
The “Charter” aims to enrich as well as influence the preparatory consultations among all stakeholders in
Germany as well as at the international level. The principles and viewpoints expressed are intended to be
guidelines for policy-making at all levels. The final version of the “Charter” will be submitted to the World
Summit in December 2003.
THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO THE DRAFTING OF
THE CHARTER:
Markus Beckedahl, Network New Media; Gabriele Beger, German Association for Information Science and
Practice; Ralf Bendrath, FOGIS; Dr. Johann Bizer, Data Protection and Data Security; Dr. Christoph Bruch,
Humanistic Union; Jutta Croll, Digital Chances Foundation; Olga Drossou, Heinrich Böll Foundation; Wolf
Goehring, Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligence Systems; Dr. Ralf Grötker, free-lance journalist; Arne Hintz, Indymedia; Dr. Jeanette Hofmann, Social Science Research Center Berlin; Prof. Hans J.
Kleinsteuber, University of Hamburg; Prof. Rainer Kuhlen, University of Konstanz and German UNESCO
Commission; Alvar Freude, odem.org; Nils Leopold, Humanistic Union; Prof. Bernd Lutterbeck, Technical
University of Berlin; Annette Mühlberg, General Union of Service Industries Ver.di; Oliver Passek, Network
New Media; Dr. Andreas Poltermann, Heinrich Böll Foundation; Jan Schallaböck, Network New Media;
Petra Schaper-Rinkel, Free University of Berlin; Dr.Thomas Schauer, Research Institute for Applied Knowledge Processing (FAW); Rena Tangens and padeluun, Art d’Ameublement; FoeBuD Big Brother Awards
Germany; Till Westermayer, Network New Media.
Information about the consultation process of the “Charter” and those involved can be found at:
www.worldsummit2005.de (German)
or
www.worldsummit2005.org (English)