Science 9: Chapter 2.2
Periodic Table
Do Now: Describe what the Periodic
Table is…Define.
Outcomes
• describe and explain the role of collecting
evidence, finding relationships, and proposing
explanations in the development of the periodic
table (109-2)
– identify the Periodic Table as a listing of all known
elements
– describe Mendeleev’s contribution to the
development of the modern periodic table
– distinguish between atomic number and atomic mass
– using atomic mass and atomic number for an element,
determine its number of protons, electrons, and
neutrons
Outcome
• using the Periodic Table, develop an understanding that the elements are
grouped on the basis of similar characteristics. Include: (210-1, 307-15)
–
–
–
–
(i) metals
(ii) non-metals
(iii) metalloids
(iv) transition metals
– list properties of metals. Include: (i) shiny (ii) ductile and malleable (iii)
conduct electricity (iv) conduct heat
– list properties of non-metal elements. Include: (i) dull (ii) non-ductile and
non-malleable (iii) do not conduct electricity (iv) do not conduct heat well
– list properties of metalloids. Include: (i) shiny or dull (ii) non-ductile and nonmalleable (iii) may conduct electricity (iv) do not
– list properties of transition metals. Include: (i) shiny (ii) ductile and malleable
(iii) conduct electricity (iv) conduct heat
– define period
– define family
– provide examples of common properties which a family of elements share.
Include: (i) alkali metals (ii) alkaline earths (iii) halogens (iv) noble gases
Outcomes
• use the periodic table to identify new
questions and problems that arise from what
was learned (210-1, 210-16)
Dmitri Mendeleev
• 1867 Mendeleev organized
elements according to their
physical and chemical
properties
• Name, Symbol, Atomic
Number, Atomic Mass
• Rows (Periods)of increasing
Atomic Number
• Vertical Columns of similar
properties
• Vertical Columns grouped
as 4 families
– Alkali Metals, Alkaline Metals,
Halogens, Noble Gases
Periodic Table
Atomic Number
• Number of Protons (+) in
Nucleus
• Mass of the Protons (+)
measured in (AMU)
• Number of Protons (+)
equals number of Electrons
(-)
• Atoms have Neutral Charge
Number of Protons (+)
=
Number of Electrons (-)
• Atomic Number increases
by one in the rows of the
Period Table
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
• The average mass of the
atoms of an element
(AMU)
• The number of Protons
(+) and Neutrons in a
Nucleus
– Calculate # of Neutrons
By… # of Neutrons =
Atomic Mass - Atomic Number
• Atomic Mass and Atomic
Number increase along
the period row
Isotopes
• Different forms of the
same Elements
• They have the same
atoms, but…
• Isotopes of an element
has a different number
of Protons (+) and
Neutrons
Activity 2.2A Page 49
• Complete the Table using your knowledge of
Elements and by consulting the Periodic Table
on page 50.
Element
Name
Symbol
Atomic
Number
Mass
Number
K
19
39
# of
Protons
18
Ra
# of
# of
Neutrons Electrons
22
226
61
201
Hydrogen
1
80
47
Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids
Metalloids: Elements that have some metal and some non-metal properties
Properties of Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids
State @ 20°C
Metals
Non-Metals
Metalloids
Appearance
Conductivity
Malleability
and Ductility
Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids
Metalloids: Elements that have some metal and some non-metal properties
Properties of Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids
State @ 20°C
Appearance
Conductivity
Malleability
and Ductility
Metals
• Solid, except • Shiny
Mercury
• Good
conductors
of heat and
electricity
• Malleable
• Ductile
Non-Metals
• Some gases • Not very
• Some solids
shiny
• Only
Bromine is a
liquid
• Poor
conductors
of heat and
electricity
• Brittle
• Not ductile
Metalloids
• Solids
• Can conduct • Brittle
electricity
• Not ductile
• Poor
conductor
of heat
• Shiny and
Dull
Periods and Families
• 7 Horizontal Rows in the Period Table
– Period
• 18 Vertical Columns in the Periodic Table
– Families
– Four well known Families
•
•
•
•
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
Periods and Families
Major Periodic Table Families
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
Conclusion
Follow Up
• Questions page 59