Unit 5: Topic 1 -- Manifest Destiny
HOMEWORK --
Name: _______________
CHAPTER 9 Section
3 ( pages 288-292)
- -- ·- ---------- ------�---- TERMS AND NAMES
Expansion in Texas
BEFORE YOU READ
In the last section, you read about American expansion to
the West.
ln this section, you will learn about the conflict between
the United States and Mexico over Texas.
YOUR ASSIGNMENT:
Don't worry about the chart below.....but do answer the
two questions in the reading.
Then complete the chart on the attached page, in
complete sentences and in your own words. Turn it in
for homework.
ACTION
/v'\a,co offers lMd graJtts to settlers
to settle. Te.xa.s.
Stephen F. Austin Leader of
' American colony in Texas
land grant Gift of public land to an
individual or organization
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Mexican president who fought
Texans in the Texas Revolution
Texas Revolution Texas's war for
Independence from Mexico
Alamo Site of a key battle in the
Texas Revolution
Sam Houston Rrst president of the
Republic ofTexas
Republic of Texas Independent
nation that was created after Texans
defeated Mexico in the Texas
Revolution
annex To make part of, incorporate
OUTCOME
Ma.11� Amuica.11s sta.rt Farms i11 Te.xa.s.
Americans Settle in
the Southwest !pages 288-2901
What were Mexico '.s land grants?
In the early 1800s, Mexico's northern provinces
included present-day Texas, New Mexico, and
California. Texas had few settlers. Although its land
was good for farming, people feared attacks by
Native Americans.
Mexico won its independence from Spain in
1821. In the years that followed, Mexico sought to
improve its economy. As a result, Mexico loosened
its trade restrictions between its northern
provinces and the United States.
Mexico also encouraged American farmers to
settle in Texas. In the early 1820s, Mexico offered
huge land grants to American settlers. Under
these land grants, Americans bought land in
Mexico for a low price. In exchange, they promised
to obey Mexican laws and practice Roman
Catholicism. Many Americans rushed at the
chance. The same restless determination that pro­
duced new inventions and manufactured goods fed
the American urge to settle the west. American
CHAPTER 9
ExPANDING MARKETS AND MOVING WE!,T
99
settlers in Texas were c-.illed Anglos. They soon out­
numbered the Tejanos, or Spanish-speaking
Texans.
The Americans in Texas eventually established a
colony in Texas. The American Stephen F. Austin
was the colony's leader. The number of Anglos in
Texas steadily grew and their colony thrived. As a
result, many people in the United States considered
mak;ng Texas part of their country.
President John Quincy Adams had offered to
buy Texas for $1 million. President Andrew Jackson
later offered $5 million. Mexico refused to sell
Texas. Soon Lhe Mexicans also began to have second
thoughts about inviting in so many Americans.
Antonio to force the Texans to obey Mexican law.
As a result, war broke out between the two sides in
1835. The war became known as the Texas
Revolution.
One of the most famous battles of war occurred
at the Alamo, a mission in San Antonio. In
Febmary of 1836, a small group of American forces
tried to defend the Alamo from Mexdan troops.
For 12 clays, Santa Anna and his troops attacked the
rebels in the Alamo. The Mexicans finally captured
the mission after killing all 187 of the Americans.
Even as the battle for the Alamo raged, Texans
met and declared independence from Me:•dco.
"Remember the Alamo!" became a rallying cry for
Texas rebels to defeat the Mexicans. Under their
1. Why did Mexico encourage American settlement
commander, Sam Houston, the Texans captured
in Texas?
Santa Anna and won their independence. Houston
was elected president of the new Republic of
Texas in 1836.
The Mexican govemmenl refuse<l tu acknowl­
edge Texm;'s independence. However, France and
Texas Fights for Independence
Great Britain recognized Texas's new status. Tex,t,;
(pages 29CH92)
certainly acted like a new nation. It established an
What happened at the Alamo?
army and a na"Y· It also created its own Hag.
Many Texans hoped that the United States
Tensions soon erupted between Texas's Anglo pop­
would
annex, or incorporate, Texas as part of the
ulation and Mexico. First, the Anglo settlers spoke
English instead of Spanish. Second, the Anglos country. The nation was divided on the issue.
tended to be Protestant instead of Catholic. Third, Southerners welcomed another slave state to the
many of the settlers were Southerners who had Union. Northerners, however, did not want ,moth­
brought their slaves \vith them. Mexico had out­ er slave state.
In 1838, Sam Houston invited the United States
lawed slavery in 1829.
to
annex
Texas. Antislavery Northerners, however,
In 1830, Mexko banned more American settlers
from coming to Texas. In 1834, Stephen Austin blocked any action on the matter. In 1844, James
convinced Mexican leaders to drop the ban. Once Polk was elected presidt>nt. Polk, a slaveholder,
again, large numbers of Americans began streaming favored the annexation of Texas. In 1845, Texas
finally was admitted into the union. This angered
into Texas.
As the American colony grew, Austin went to the Mexican government.
Mexico City to visit the Mexican president, 2. Why were some Nonherners opposed to Texas join­
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Austin a,;ked
ing the United States?
Santa Anna for greater self-government for Texas.
Santa Anna rPsponclPcl by throwing Austin in jail.
Austin eventually was freed. He returned to
Texas and called for Texans to arm themselves.
Soon afterward, Santa Anna led an army to San
100
CUAYTER 9
SECTION 3
L
I
'
Name�-----�--�------�-��---Date ---- ----
GUIDED READING
Section 3
Expansion in Texas
Complete this page for homework!
A.As yo11 read, answer <111cstions ahont thi: lime line.
1821
1823
2. Why did Americans want to
settle in Texas?
1. Why did Mexico want
Americans to settle in Texas?
Mexico offers land
grants to anyone bring·
ing settlers to Texas.
1824
'
3. What brought American settlers into conflict with the Mexican
government?
1835
1836
'
The Texas Revolution
is led byTexans eager
to gain independence
from Mexico.
4. What happened at the Alamo?
Y
The Republic ofTexas
is founded.
1838
Sam Houston invites
the United States to
annex the new
republic.
1845
Texas becomes the
twenty-eighth state of
the Union.
�
5. Why was the United States at first reluctant to annex Texas?
After the annexation of Texas, President Polk will spark a war with
Mexico, which will be fought from 1845-1848. What are the terms of
the Treaty that ends the war in 1848? (Use your notes)